Tamil Nadu HSE First Year Basic Electronics Engineering study plan

Define and apply the core quantities of DC electricity (charge, current, potential difference, resistance, power) with correct units and prefixes from pico to mega.

State and apply Ohm's law and the power relationships P = VI, P = I²R and P = V²/R to at least 15 numerical problems, showing each step.

Solve series, parallel and series-parallel resistor networks to find equivalent resistance, branch currents and node voltages without reference material.

State and apply Kirchhoff's current and voltage laws to a two-loop network, writing and solving the simultaneous equations.

Explain the effect of temperature on conductor resistance and compute resistance from resistivity, length and cross-sectional area.

Classify resistors by construction (carbon film, metal film, wire-wound) and select the correct type and power rating for a given application.

Decode 4-band and 5-band resistor colour codes and read capacitor markings (numeric code, tolerance letter) accurately for 20 sample components.

Describe the construction and typical use of capacitors (ceramic, electrolytic, tantalum) and state how dielectric and plate area affect capacitance.

Compute the total capacitance of series and parallel combinations and determine the time constant of simple RC circuits.

Describe the role of inductors and transformers in filtering and voltage transformation, and identify the terminals of a centre-tapped transformer.

Explain the formation of the p-n junction and the origin of the depletion region and barrier potential in silicon and germanium diodes.

Draw and interpret the forward and reverse characteristics of a silicon diode, marking knee voltage, reverse saturation current and breakdown.

Distinguish Zener, LED, photodiode and varactor diodes by operating region and typical application.

Analyse half-wave, full-wave centre-tapped and bridge rectifier circuits, sketching input/output waveforms and computing Vdc, ripple factor and PIV.

Explain the function of a shunt capacitor filter and estimate ripple reduction from capacitance and load current.

Describe npn and pnp BJT construction and explain transistor action in terms of majority-carrier injection, diffusion and collection.

State and apply the relations α = Ic/Ie, β = Ic/Ib and β = α/(1 − α) in numerical problems.

Sketch and label the input and output characteristics of a CE transistor and identify the active, saturation and cut-off regions.

Determine the DC operating point of a fixed-bias and a voltage-divider-bias circuit by calculation.

Explain the purpose of emitter bypass and coupling capacitors and the meaning of voltage gain, current gain and phase inversion in CE amplifiers.

Compare CE, CB and CC configurations by gain, input/output impedance and typical use, and justify one choice for a stated requirement.

Explain the construction and operation of JFET and MOSFET, and distinguish depletion and enhancement modes.

Interpret JFET drain characteristics and the transfer characteristic, and identify pinch-off voltage and saturation current.

Apply the Shockley equation to compute drain current for given gate-source voltage and device parameters.

Explain the use of SCR, diac and triac in AC power control, including the role of the gate pulse in phase control.

Describe how a thyristor differs from a diode in conduction behaviour and state one industrial application of each power device.

Convert between binary, decimal and hexadecimal numbers and perform binary addition and subtraction.

State the truth tables, symbols and Boolean expressions of AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR gates.

Apply De Morgan's theorems and Boolean algebra to simplify at least eight logic expressions.

Construct truth tables for combinational circuits from a given gate diagram and derive the output expression.

Explain the working of a half adder and a full adder using truth tables and gate-level diagrams.

Distinguish SSI, MSI, LSI and VLSI integration levels and state two advantages and two limitations of ICs.

Identify the pin numbering convention and package types of the 741 op-amp and state the function of its five key terminals.

State the ideal op-amp characteristics and explain virtual ground in the inverting configuration.

Compute gain, output voltage and input resistance for inverting, non-inverting and voltage-follower circuits.

Explain the use of an op-amp as a comparator and as a summing amplifier with worked numerical examples.

Explain the working of a moving-coil galvanometer and how a shunt and a multiplier convert it into an ammeter and a voltmeter, with one calculation each.

Describe how a CRO displays a waveform and state the function of time-base, trigger and probes; compute frequency and amplitude from screen settings.

Outline the block diagram of a communication system and distinguish AM from FM in bandwidth and noise behaviour.

Identify the function of common consumer devices: microphone, loudspeaker, LED display, remote control receiver and SMPS adapter.

List the safe soldering procedure for a component lead and describe the difference between a schematic and a PCB layout, naming two common PCB faults.