UP Forest Guard cheat sheet
UP Forest Guard · Keep the key ideas within reach.
General Hindi
हिंदी वर्णमाला में 11 स्वर और 33 व्यंजन होते हैं; अं और अः अयोगवाह कहलाते हैं।
संधि तीन प्रकार की होती है-स्वर संधि, व्यंजन संधि और विसर्ग संधि।
समास के छह भेद हैं-तत्पुरुष, कर्मधारय, द्विगु, द्वंद्व, बहुव्रीहि और अव्ययीभाव।
उपसर्ग शब्द के आरंभ में और प्रत्यय शब्द के अंत में जुड़ता है; जैसे 'अनु' + 'सरण' = अनुसरण।
कारक आठ होते हैं-कर्ता, कर्म, करण, संप्रदान, अपादान, संबंध, अधिकरण और संबोधन।
वाच्य तीन प्रकार के होते हैं-कर्तृवाच्य, कर्मवाच्य और भाववाच्य।
अनुप्रास अलंकार में वर्णों की आवृत्ति होती है, उपमा में समानता और रूपक में अभेद दिखाया जाता है।
मुहावरा 'अंधे की लाठी' का अर्थ है एकमात्र सहारा।
General Knowledge
Uttar Pradesh covers 240,928 km² and is India's most populous state; it has 75 districts and its capital is Lucknow.
UP sends 80 members to the Lok Sabha and 31 to the Rajya Sabha; the state assembly has 403 elected seats.
UP borders seven states-Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar-as well as Delhi and Nepal.
State symbols of UP: animal swamp deer (barasingha), bird sarus crane, tree Ashoka and flower palash.
The highest point in UP is Amsot Peak, about 957 m high in the Shivalik range of Saharanpur district.
Main rivers include the Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gomti, Ramganga, Betwa, Ken and Chambal; the Ganga and Yamuna meet at Prayagraj.
The first chief minister of UP was Govind Ballabh Pant; the first woman chief minister was Sucheta Kripalani.
The Kumbh Mela at Prayagraj is held every 12 years, while the Magh Mela there is an annual event.
Current Affairs
Chandrayaan-3 landed near the Moon's south polar region on 23 August 2023; the Vikram lander carried the Pragyan rover.
India became the fourth country to soft-land on the Moon after the United States, the former Soviet Union and China.
Aditya-L1, India's first solar observatory, was launched on 2 September 2023 and placed in a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L1 point.
The G20 summit was held in New Delhi in September 2023 with the theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam'; the African Union became a permanent G20 member.
In the 2024 Lok Sabha election the BJP won 240 seats and the NDA won 293; Narendra Modi took oath as prime minister for a third term.
At the Paris 2024 Olympics India won six medals-one silver and five bronze; Neeraj Chopra won silver in javelin and Manu Bhaker won two bronze medals.
The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, passed in 2023, reserves one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies for women.
D. Gukesh became the youngest world chess champion in December 2024 at the age of 18.
Mathematics / Numerical Ability
Percentage change = (new value − old value) ÷ old value × 100; a positive result is an increase and a negative result is a decrease.
Average = sum of observations ÷ number of observations.
Simple interest = P × R × T ÷ 100, where P is principal, R is annual rate and T is time in years.
Compound amount = P(1 + R/100)^T; compound interest = compound amount − P.
Speed = distance ÷ time; to convert km/h to m/s multiply by 5/18, and to convert m/s to km/h multiply by 18/5.
Profit% = (SP − CP) ÷ CP × 100; loss% = (CP − SP) ÷ CP × 100.
For two positive integers, HCF × LCM = product of the two numbers.
If A alone takes a days and B alone takes b days, together they take ab/(a + b) days to finish the work.
Area formulas: rectangle l × b; triangle ½ × b × h; circle πr²; circumference of a circle 2πr.
Reasoning / Mental Ability
Letter positions: A = 1, E = 5, J = 10, O = 15, T = 20, Y = 25 and Z = 26; reverse position = 27 − forward position.
In a single row, total persons = position from the left + position from the right − 1.
A right turn is 90° clockwise and a left turn is 90° anticlockwise; net displacement is found using Pythagoras' theorem.
Blood relations: father's or mother's brother is uncle; mother's brother is maternal uncle (mama); father's sister is bua.
Syllogism: 'All A are B' implies 'Some B are A'; 'No A is B' implies 'No B is A'.
Coding-decoding: compare letter positions; a constant shift means addition or subtraction, while a reversal indicates mirror coding.
Number series: check successive differences first, then ratios, then squares or cubes such as 1, 4, 9, 16, 25.
Odd-one-out: test common properties such as prime or composite, divisibility, vowel or consonant, and living or non-living.
General Science
Newton's second law states F = ma; the SI unit of force is the newton (N).
Ohm's law states V = IR at constant temperature; electrical power P = VI = I²R.
The speed of light in vacuum is approximately 3 × 10⁸ m/s.
pH below 7 is acidic, pH 7 is neutral and pH above 7 is basic; acid turns blue litmus red and base turns red litmus blue.
Photosynthesis: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
An adult human skeleton has 206 bones; skin is the largest organ and the heart has four chambers.
Blood group O negative is the universal donor and AB positive is the universal recipient.
Vitamin A is retinol, B1 is thiamine, C is ascorbic acid and D is calciferol; vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness and vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy.
Environment, Forest and Wildlife Knowledge
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve in Lakhimpur Kheri comprises Dudhwa National Park, Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary and Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary.
Dudhwa is known for swamp deer (barasingha) and for reintroduced one-horned rhinoceroses.
Pilibhit Tiger Reserve won the inaugural TX2 award in 2020 for doubling its tiger numbers ahead of the target date.
Amangarh Tiger Reserve in Bijnor district functions as the buffer zone of Corbett Tiger Reserve.
National Chambal Sanctuary, along the Chambal river, protects gharials, red-crowned roofed turtles and Ganges river dolphins.
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was passed in 1972, Project Tiger began in 1973 and Project Elephant began in 1992.
IUCN Red List categories are Extinct, Extinct in the Wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern, Data Deficient and Not Evaluated.
Forest Survey of India defines forest as land of more than 1 hectare with tree canopy density above 10 per cent.
Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary in Unnao and the Upper Ganga River are Ramsar sites in Uttar Pradesh.