General Science
Syllabus shape
Questions sit at Class 9–10 level across physics, chemistry and biology: units and measurement, motion, light, electricity, acids and bases, metals, periodic-table basics, human body systems, vitamins and deficiency diseases, plant and animal classification, and everyday health and nutrition facts.
Facts that repeat
- SI units: force - newton; pressure - pascal; work and energy - joule; power - watt; frequency - hertz; resistance - ohm.
- Speed of light is 3 × 10⁸ m/s; sound needs a medium and travels fastest in solids.
- pH below 7 is acidic, 7 neutral, above 7 basic; blue litmus turns red in acid.
- Deficiency pairs: vitamin A - night blindness; B1 - beriberi; C - scurvy; D - rickets; iodine - goitre; iron - anaemia.
- Blood groups: O negative is the universal donor, AB positive the universal recipient.
Worked example
“A body covers 60 m in 5 s at steady speed. Find its speed.” Speed = distance ÷ time = 60 ÷ 5 = 12 m/s. If the options are in km/h, multiply by 18/5: 12 × 18/5 = 43.2 km/h. Always show the unit conversion, because both values usually appear as options.
Traps that cost marks
- Mixing mass (kilogram, scalar) with weight (newton, vector).
- Confusing the unit of power (watt) with the unit of energy (joule).
- Reading deficiency pairs in reverse; anaemia is linked to iron, not calcium.
- Forgetting that sound cannot travel through a vacuum while light can.
- Treating rusting as a physical change; it is chemical oxidation.