UPMSP High School Security flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

CIA triad

Confidentiality, integrity and availability: the three core goals of information security. Confidentiality limits disclosure, integrity keeps data accurate, availability ensures access for authorised users.

Defence in depth

Using multiple independent layers of security controls so that failure of one layer does not expose the asset. Layers typically run from perimeter to building to room to individual asset.

Least privilege

A principle granting each person only the access required for the assigned task, and only for as long as it is needed. It limits damage from error, misuse or compromised credentials.

Risk formula

Risk equals likelihood multiplied by impact. Controls reduce likelihood, impact or both. Residual risk is the risk remaining after controls are applied and must be accepted by management.

Three-factor authentication

Authentication based on something you know, something you have and something you are. Two cards do not constitute two factors because both belong to the same category.

Tailgating

Unauthorised entry following closely behind a person with valid access. Controls include turnstiles, mantraps, anti-passback systems, and guards challenging anyone without a visible badge.

Anti-passback

A control that prevents a credential being used to enter twice without an intervening exit. It blocks card sharing and pass-back at doors and records direction of movement.

Failsafe vs failsecure

Failsafe locks unlock when power is lost, which suits fire escape doors. Failsecure locks stay locked on power loss, which suits secure storage areas needing protection.

Standing orders

Permanent written instructions that apply to the whole security team across all shifts. They cover general duties, conduct and emergency response expectations.

Post orders

Site- and post-specific instructions describing the duties, patrol routes, equipment and reporting requirements for a particular guard position. They supplement standing orders.

Chain of custody

A documented record of every transfer of evidence, showing time, from whom, to whom, purpose and signature. It proves the item was not altered or substituted.

Shift handover

The formal briefing of the incoming guard by the outgoing guard, covering keys, equipment, incidents, pending tasks and special orders, confirmed by both signatures in the register.

Fire triangle

Fuel, oxygen and heat are the three elements needed for combustion. Removing any one of them extinguishes the fire. The fire tetrahedron adds the chemical chain reaction.

PASS technique

The method for using a fire extinguisher: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweep the nozzle side to side until the fire is out.

RACE sequence

The fire response order: Remove or rescue people in danger, Activate the alarm, Contain the fire by closing doors, then Evacuate or Extinguish only if trained and safe.

Assembly point roll call

The check of all staff, visitors and contractors against the register at the designated assembly point after evacuation, with missing persons reported immediately to the fire service.

Adult CPR ratio

For an adult casualty, give chest compressions at 100 to 120 per minute, 5 to 6 cm deep, with a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30 to 2.

AED use

An automated external defibrillator analyses heart rhythm and delivers a shock if indicated. Attach pads to a bare dry chest, follow prompts, and keep everyone clear during analysis and shock.

Recovery position

A side-lying position used for an unresponsive casualty who is breathing normally. It keeps the airway open and allows vomit or fluid to drain from the mouth.

Choking adult response

Encourage coughing first. If the cough is ineffective, give up to five back blows between the shoulder blades, then up to five abdominal thrusts, alternating until the obstruction clears.

Hierarchy of controls

Ranking of hazard controls from most to least effective: elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and finally personal protective equipment.

Lockout/tagout

A procedure that isolates hazardous energy before maintenance: switch off, lock and tag the isolation point, verify zero energy, then restore only when the work is finished.

Confined space entry

Entry into an enclosed space with restricted access requires a permit, atmosphere testing for oxygen and gases, a standby person outside, and a rescue plan.

Manual handling rule

Assess the load first, keep it close to the body, bend the knees rather than the back, avoid twisting while lifting, and use mechanical aids whenever they are available.

Active listening

Giving full attention to a speaker, avoiding interruption, paraphrasing to confirm understanding, and reflecting feelings before responding. It reduces misunderstanding and defuses tension.

De-escalation sequence

Remain calm, lower voice volume, keep a safe distance, listen and acknowledge the concern, offer options, and call for support if the person remains violent or threatening.

Radio phonetic alphabet

A set of standard words used to spell letters clearly over radio, for example Alpha, Bravo, Charlie. It prevents confusion between similar-sounding letters in poor audio conditions.

Citizen's arrest

An arrest by a private person, lawful only for an offence committed in the person's presence or as defined by local law, with the detainee handed to police promptly.

Proportionate force

Force that is lawful, necessary and no more than required to prevent harm or effect a lawful arrest. It is never used as punishment or to obtain a confession.

PIR sensor

A passive infrared detector that triggers on changes in infrared heat energy in its field of view. Sunlight, heaters and animals can cause false alarms.

Dual-technology detector

An intrusion detector that requires both passive infrared and microwave triggers before alarming. It reduces false alarms but is slightly less sensitive than a single-technology device.

Optical smoke detector

A fire detector that responds to smoke scattering light inside its chamber, making it effective for slow, smouldering fires. Ionisation types respond faster to flaming fires.

Drill debrief

A review held after every drill or real incident recording evacuation time, roll call result, problems found and corrective actions, with a named person responsible for each action.