UPMSP High School Security key terms

The use of visible security measures such as guards, lighting, or barriers to discourage a potential offender from attempting an act, by making the attempt appear risky or difficult.

A layered approach in which several independent controls, such as a perimeter fence, a locked door, and a guard, must each be defeated before an asset is reached.

The three core properties of protected information and assets: only authorised people can see it, it stays accurate and unaltered, and it remains usable when legitimate users need it.

A structured process of identifying assets, threats, and vulnerabilities, then estimating the likelihood and impact of loss so that controls can be prioritised and justified.

The principle that a person receives only the information strictly required to perform their assigned duty, regardless of rank or seniority, limiting the damage from any single disclosure.

Granting a person or system the minimum access rights and permissions needed for the task, and no more, so that misuse or error has limited consequences.

Any procedure or device that decides who may enter a protected area, at what time, and under what conditions, and then enforces that decision at a controlled point.

A small enclosed space with two interlocking doors, arranged so that the second door cannot open until the first is fully closed, preventing tailgating into a secure area.

An unauthorised person following an authorised person through a door or gate without presenting their own credentials, often by exploiting courtesy or a crowded entrance.

A physical obstacle such as a wall, fence, or hedge that marks the outer boundary of a protected site and delays or channels anyone attempting unauthorised entry.

The controlled process of receiving outsiders: verifying identity, issuing a visible pass, recording entry and exit times, escorting where required, and recovering the pass on departure.

The scripted, polite steps a guard uses to question an unfamiliar person in a protected area, confirm identity and purpose, and escalate to a supervisor if satisfied answers are not given.

Written instructions for a specific guard position describing duties, patrol routes, permitted actions, reporting requirements, and the limits of the guard's authority at that post.

A bound, chronological record in which guards enter events, patrols, visitors, and handovers, with time, date, and signature, so that activity can later be audited or reconstructed.

A factual written account of an unusual event, recording who, what, when, where, and how, plus actions taken and witnesses, written promptly and without opinion or blame.

The unbroken documented record of who handled an item of evidence, when, and why, from seizure to final disposal, showing that it was not tampered with.

The three elements needed for combustion: fuel, oxygen, and heat. Removing any one of them extinguishes the fire or prevents it from starting.

A grouping of fires by the material burning, such as solids, flammable liquids, gases, and metals, used to select the correct extinguishing agent and method.

A portable device that discharges a stored agent to suppress a small fire, selected by fire class and operated with the pull, aim, squeeze, sweep technique.

A pre-designated safe outdoor location where occupants gather after evacuation so that a roll call can confirm everyone has left the building.

A trained person responsible for checking designated areas during an evacuation, guiding people to exits, and reporting to the assembly point whether the area is clear.

A planned rehearsal of a full or partial building evacuation, timed and reviewed afterwards, to test alarms, routes, wardens, and roll-call procedures before a real emergency.

Rhythmic chest compressions, with rescue breaths where trained and appropriate, used to keep blood circulating in a person whose heart has stopped or who is not breathing normally.

A portable device that analyses heart rhythm and delivers a controlled shock when indicated, with spoken prompts guiding an untrained or minimally trained responder through its use.

A stable side-lying posture for an unconscious person who is breathing, keeping the airway open and allowing fluids to drain so the tongue does not block it.

Immediate, temporary care given to an injured or suddenly ill person before professional medical help arrives, aimed at preserving life and preventing the condition worsening.

The systematic spotting of conditions or actions with potential to cause harm, done by inspection, observation, and worker reports before an accident occurs.

The ranking of risk-reduction measures from most to least reliable: eliminate the hazard, substitute it, engineer it out, change administrative procedures, and finally rely on personal protective equipment.

Wearable gear such as helmets, gloves, goggles, or safety boots that shields the user from a specific hazard, but only when correctly selected, fitted, and maintained.

A formal written authorisation for a hazardous task such as hot work or confined-space entry, stating precautions, validity period, and the signatures of those who approved it.

A procedure in which energy sources are physically isolated, locked, and tagged so that equipment cannot be started while maintenance or repair is in progress.

Agreed rules for radio use, including identifying yourself, keeping messages brief, using plain standard words, and confirming receipt, so that critical traffic is understood first time.

Concentrating fully on a speaker, noting both words and tone, and confirming understanding by paraphrasing or asking questions before responding, especially in a tense situation.

Verbal and non-verbal techniques, such as calm speech, space, and empathy, used to reduce the intensity of a confrontation without physical force.

The application of physical intervention by a guard, which must be lawful, necessary, and proportionate to the threat, and which must be reported and justified afterwards.

A limited power of a private person to detain someone found committing or immediately after committing a serious offence, requiring that the person be handed to the police promptly.

The legal and moral obligation of a security provider to take reasonable steps to avoid foreseeable harm to people lawfully on the premises, including staff and visitors.

A camera system that sends images to monitors or recorders for live monitoring and later review, used for deterrence, detection, and evidential record, subject to privacy limits.

A network of detectors, a control panel, and a signalling device that detects unauthorised entry into a protected zone and raises a local or remote alert.