UPMSP Artificial Limb & Organ Tech flashcards
UPMSP Artificial Limb & Organ Tech · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Osteon
- The basic structural unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae around a central Haversian canal that carries blood vessels and nerves.
- Wolff's law
- Bone remodels in response to the mechanical loads placed on it; increased stress increases bone density, while disuse or stress shielding causes resorption.
- Type I muscle fibers
- Slow-twitch, oxidative fibers with high fatigue resistance and low force output; suited to sustained postural activity rather than rapid powerful contractions.
- ACL function
- The anterior cruciate ligament resists anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur and controls rotational stability of the knee.
- Elastic modulus
- The ratio of stress to strain in the linear elastic region of a material's stress-strain curve; a measure of stiffness, expressed in GPa for metals.
- Yield strength
- The stress at which a material begins to deform permanently (plastically); loading beyond this point produces non-recoverable shape change.
- Ti-6Al-4V
- A titanium alloy with elastic modulus around 110 GPa and density 4.4 g/cm3, widely used for prosthetic components because its lower modulus reduces stress shielding.
- Addition-cure silicone
- A platinum-catalyzed silicone that cures without byproducts, shrinks little, and is skin-safe; preferred for liners and facial prostheses.
- Patellar tendon bar
- A prominent build-up in a transtibial PTB socket that loads the pressure-tolerant patellar tendon while relieving the tibial crest and fibular head.
- ITF measurement
- Ischial tuberosity to floor distance, a key transfemoral measurement used to set prosthesis length and socket height before casting.
- Check socket
- A clear thermoplastic test socket made from the rectified model to verify fit, comfort, and alignment before the definitive prosthesis is laminated.
- TSB socket
- Total surface bearing socket that distributes load across the entire residual limb rather than concentrating it on specific pressure-tolerant areas.
- SACH foot
- Solid ankle cushion heel foot with a compressible heel wedge; provides plantarflexion at heel strike and is suited to low-activity ambulators.
- TKA line
- Trochanter-knee-ankle line used in transfemoral bench alignment; it should pass anterior to the knee axis to promote stability in stance.
- Voluntary opening hook
- A body-powered terminal device held closed by springs and opened by cable tension; the standard design for split hooks.
- K-level K3
- A functional classification for a community ambulator who can vary cadence and negotiate most environmental barriers; candidates for energy-storing feet.
- Three-point pressure
- An orthotic principle using forces at three points to create a couple that controls angulation, as in scoliosis braces and knee orthoses.
- Ground reaction AFO
- A stiff carbon or plastic AFO with a foot plate and posterior strut that resists plantarflexion and assists push-off during gait.
- Stance phase
- The portion of the gait cycle when the foot is in contact with the ground, normally about 60% of the cycle in walking.
- KAFO
- Knee-ankle-foot orthosis crossing the knee and ankle; often fitted with a lock or drop-lock knee joint for quadriceps weakness or instability.
- Timed Up and Go
- A functional test measuring the time to stand, walk 3 meters, turn, return, and sit; used to assess mobility and fall risk in amputees.
- K-level K2
- A limited community ambulator who can traverse low-level barriers such as curbs and stairs; typically prescribed a basic prosthetic foot and knee.
- Vaulting
- A gait deviation in which the patient rises onto the toe of the sound limb to clear a prosthesis that is too long or has excessive knee friction.
- AMP
- The Amputee Mobility Predictor, a validated outcome measure scoring balance and gait tasks to predict prosthetic ambulation potential.
- Plaster mixing ratio
- Water-to-plaster ratio near 1:1 by weight; excess water weakens the cast and lengthens set time, while too little water causes rapid setting and lumps.
- Acrylic softening
- PMMA sheet becomes thermoformable around 160-180 degrees Celsius; overheating causes bubbles, discoloration, and release of irritating fumes.
- Resin ventilation
- Acrylic monomer vapors are flammable and irritating; lamination must occur in a ventilated area or fume hood away from ignition sources.
- Semipermeable membrane
- A dialyzer membrane that allows small solutes such as urea and creatinine to pass while retaining blood cells and large proteins during hemodialysis.
- LVAD
- A left ventricular assist device, a continuous-flow pump implanted to support the failing left ventricle; risks include thrombosis, bleeding, and driveline infection.
- Axillary crutch fit
- Crutch length should leave two to three finger-breadths between the axilla and the top pad to prevent compression injury to the radial nerve.
- Moment of force
- The product of a force and its perpendicular distance from a pivot point, measured in newton-meters; it determines rotational effect on a joint or beam.
- Third-angle projection
- A drawing convention in which the object is placed between the observer and the projection plane, so the top view appears above the front view.