WBCHSE HS Health and Physical Education flashcards
WBCHSE HS Health and Physical Education · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Health (WHO definition)
- A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, as defined by WHO in 1948.
- Physical education
- Education through planned physical activities that develop physical, mental, social and emotional qualities, forming an integral part of the total school curriculum.
- Cephalocaudal law
- The principle that growth and development proceed from head to foot, so the head and upper body mature earlier than the legs and lower body.
- Health-related fitness components
- Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition, all linked to good health and disease prevention.
- Balanced diet
- A diet supplying all nutrients in correct proportion along with roughage and water, matched to a person's age, sex and physical activity level.
- Glycaemic index
- A ranking of carbohydrate foods according to how quickly they raise blood glucose, with low-GI foods giving slower, sustained release.
- RICE protocol
- Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation, the immediate first-aid management for sprains and other soft-tissue injuries in the first 48 to 72 hours.
- Adult CPR ratio
- Thirty chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths, with compressions 5 to 6 cm deep at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.
- Tuberculosis
- A bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, spread by airborne droplets, treated with a multi-drug regimen under DOTS supervision.
- Non-communicable diseases
- Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and COPD that are not transmitted between people and are largely linked to lifestyle.
- Personal hygiene
- Practices such as bathing, oral care, handwashing with soap and clean clothing that maintain cleanliness and reduce the spread of infection.
- Cardiac output
- The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume, rising greatly during exercise.
- Oxygen debt
- The extra oxygen consumed after exercise ends, used to restore energy stores and remove lactic acid built up during anaerobic work.
- Progressive overload
- A training principle requiring gradual increases in load, volume or intensity so the body adapts without excessive stress or injury.
- FITT principle
- Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type, the four variables used to prescribe and adjust an exercise or training programme.
- Offside (football)
- An attacking player is offside if nearer the opponents' goal line than the ball and second-last defender when the ball is played.
- Shot clock (basketball)
- A team must attempt a shot that touches the rim within 24 seconds of gaining possession, or possession is awarded to the opponents.
- Ashtanga yoga
- Patanjali's eight limbs: yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana and samadhi, progressing from ethics to meditation.
- Shavasana
- The corpse pose, a relaxation posture lying flat with limbs apart and eyes closed, used at the end of a yoga session.
- Inverted-U hypothesis
- The principle that performance improves as arousal rises to an optimum level and then declines, with complex skills having a lower optimum.
- Intrinsic motivation
- Motivation arising from internal satisfaction such as enjoyment, mastery and personal growth, rather than external rewards like medals or money.
- Heat stroke
- A medical emergency with hot dry skin, high body temperature and confusion, requiring rapid cooling and urgent medical transfer.
- Harvard step test
- A cardiorespiratory fitness test using a step bench; the index equals exercise duration in seconds multiplied by 100, divided by twice the recovery pulse sum.
- Carbohydrate loading
- A strategy that increases muscle glycogen stores before endurance events through high carbohydrate intake and tapered training in the preceding days.
- ATP-CP system
- The immediate energy system using stored ATP and creatine phosphate without oxygen, lasting about ten seconds for sprints and jumps.
- Supercompensation
- The rise in performance above the previous level that follows a training load when adequate recovery is allowed before the next session.
- Badminton scoring
- Rally point scoring to 21 points, best of three games, with a two-point lead required at 20-20 and a cap at 30 points.
- Yoganidra
- A guided relaxation technique in yoga that induces deep physical and mental rest through body awareness and breath observation.
- Self-efficacy
- Bandura's concept of a person's belief in their capability to succeed, built through mastery experiences, modelling, persuasion and physiological state.
- WADA prohibited list
- The list of substances and methods banned in sport, covering anabolic agents, hormones, stimulants, diuretics and masking agents.
- Concussion red flags
- Warning signs after head injury such as loss of consciousness, vomiting, confusion or unequal pupils, requiring immediate removal from play and medical referral.
- Herd immunity
- Indirect protection of unvaccinated people that arises when a high proportion of the population is immune, limiting disease transmission.