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WBCHSE HS Vocational IT & ITeS study materials
WBCHSE HS Vocational IT & ITeS study resources

WBCHSE HS Vocational IT & ITeS practice questions

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Question 1Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

In an IT-enabled services (ITES) context, which activity is best described as a back-office process outsourced to a service provider?

  1. Hosting the client's public website on a shared server
  2. Handling payroll processing and invoice data entry for a client company Correct answer.
  3. Selling insurance policies directly to retail customers over the phone
  4. Designing the client's new product logo and brand identity

Explanation

Back-office ITES work covers internal, non-customer-facing processes such as payroll, accounts payable, data entry and record maintenance that a client transfers to a provider. Voice-based selling, creative brand design and mere web hosting belong to other service categories, so payroll processing is the only true back-office example here.

Question 2Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A bank wants customers to withdraw cash using a card and PIN at any time without visiting a branch. Which IT-enabled self-service channel satisfies this requirement?

  1. A printed passbook updated manually by a clerk
  2. A notice board displaying daily interest rates
  3. A telephone helpline answered by a human operator
  4. An ATM network linked to the bank's central account database Correct answer.

Explanation

An ATM is a self-service terminal that authenticates the customer with a card and PIN and then validates the transaction against the bank's central database in real time. This gives round-the-clock cash withdrawal without staff involvement, whereas the other options either need a person or cannot dispense cash.

Question 3Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which statement correctly distinguishes data from information?

  1. Data are raw unprocessed facts, while information is data processed into a meaningful form Correct answer.
  2. Data are meaningful conclusions, while information is the raw input
  3. Data are stored on disk, while information is stored only in human memory
  4. Data are always numeric, while information is always textual

Explanation

Data are raw, unorganised facts such as a list of daily sales figures; processing those facts into totals, trends or reports yields information that supports decisions. The distinction is about processing and meaning, not about numeric versus text form or storage location.

Question 4Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A user wants to send the same formal letter to 200 customers, each showing that customer's name and address. Which feature of a word processor is designed for this task?

  1. Mail merge Correct answer.
  2. Spell check
  3. Track changes
  4. Word count

Explanation

Mail merge combines one main document with a data source so each copy is personalised with fields such as name and address. Spell check, track changes and word count assist editing but do not generate multiple personalised copies.

Question 5Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which device is classified as an input device in a computer system?

  1. Liquid crystal display monitor
  2. Laser printer
  3. Plotter
  4. Optical character reader Correct answer.

Explanation

An optical character reader captures printed text from a page and converts it into machine-readable data, so it feeds data into the computer. Printers, plotters and monitors all present or produce output for the user and are therefore output devices.

Question 6Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which of the following is an example of system software?

  1. An operating system such as Linux Correct answer.
  2. A photo editing package
  3. A spreadsheet application
  4. A web browser

Explanation

System software manages hardware and provides a platform on which other programs run; an operating system is the primary example. Spreadsheets, photo editors and browsers are application software written to perform specific user tasks.

Question 7Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A customer service process receives 1,200 requests in a day and 1,080 are resolved on the same day. What is the first-contact resolution percentage?

  1. 75%
  2. 80%
  3. 95%
  4. 90% Correct answer.

Explanation

First-contact resolution percentage equals resolved requests divided by total requests, multiplied by 100. Here 1,080 divided by 1,200 gives 0.9, that is, 90 percent, which is the standard service-level measure reported to clients.

Question 8Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

In a spreadsheet, cell C1 contains 500 and cell C2 contains 0.2. Which formula returns the value 100?

  1. =C1/C2
  2. =C1+C2
  3. =C1-C2
  4. =C1*C2 Correct answer.

Explanation

Multiplication of 500 by 0.2 gives 100, which is the standard way to compute a percentage of a base value. The other operators produce 500.2, 2500 and 499.8 respectively, so only the multiplication formula matches.

Question 9Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which topology connects every device to a single central switch or hub so that failure of one cable affects only that device?

  1. Ring topology
  2. Mesh topology
  3. Bus topology
  4. Star topology Correct answer.

Explanation

In a star topology each node has its own link to a central device, so a single cable fault isolates only that node while the rest of the network continues. In a bus, one broken backbone segment can disrupt the whole network, and ring and mesh behave differently.

Question 10Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

An organisation wants staff to access the same shared files with controlled permissions and central backup. Which solution best meets this requirement?

  1. Each employee keeping files only on a personal pen drive
  2. A file server on the local area network with user accounts and access rights Correct answer.
  3. Printing copies and storing them in a cupboard
  4. Sending files to each other as email attachments

Explanation

A file server centralises storage so that administrators can assign per-user permissions and run scheduled backups. Pen drives, email attachments and paper copies scatter versions, give no central control and are difficult to back up reliably.

Question 11Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which statement best describes the role of a business process outsourcing (BPO) provider?

  1. It writes the client's proprietary source code free of charge
  2. It manufactures hardware components for the client's data centre
  3. It takes over and operates a defined client process under agreed service levels Correct answer.
  4. It audits the client's financial statements as an independent regulator

Explanation

A BPO provider assumes responsibility for running a specific business process, such as customer support or accounts payable, and is measured against contractual service levels. Manufacturing hardware, free coding and statutory auditing are outside the BPO definition.

Question 12Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A company stores customer records in a database. Which property of a relational database ensures that each customer row can be uniquely identified?

  1. An index created on every text column
  2. A view that joins two tables
  3. A foreign key referencing another table
  4. A primary key defined on a column with unique, non-null values Correct answer.

Explanation

A primary key enforces uniqueness and disallows nulls, so every row in the table can be identified by that value. Foreign keys create relationships, indexes speed retrieval and views are stored queries; none of them guarantees row uniqueness by itself.

Question 13Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which practice best protects a customer support agent's workstation against malware introduced through email attachments?

  1. Disabling the firewall to speed up downloads
  2. Saving every attachment to a shared folder before scanning
  3. Opening attachments only after scanning them with updated antivirus software Correct answer.
  4. Using the same password across all work accounts

Explanation

Scanning attachments with current antivirus signatures before opening them blocks known malicious files at the point of entry. Weakening the firewall, reusing passwords and distributing unscanned files all increase rather than reduce risk.

Question 14Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

Which protocol is used to transfer web pages securely with encryption between a browser and a web server?

  1. SMTP
  2. DHCP
  3. FTP
  4. HTTPS Correct answer.

Explanation

HTTPS runs HTTP over TLS, encrypting traffic so that page content and credentials cannot be read in transit. FTP transfers files without that web encryption, SMTP sends mail and DHCP assigns IP addresses.

Question 15Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A team must decide whether a repetitive invoice-verification task should be automated. Which criterion most strongly supports automation?

  1. The task depends on the personal relationship with each supplier
  2. The task occurs once a year and takes ten minutes
  3. The task requires creative negotiation with suppliers
  4. The task follows fixed rules and handles high volumes with little judgement Correct answer.

Explanation

Automation pays off when work is rule-based, repetitive and high in volume, because the rules can be encoded and the effort saved is large. Creative negotiation, rare one-off tasks and relationship-dependent work need human judgement and give little return on automation effort.

Question 16Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

In a word processor, a user wants a heading to appear on every page automatically. Which feature should be used?

  1. Insert the heading in the header section of the document Correct answer.
  2. Insert a page break before every section
  3. Apply bold formatting to the first paragraph only
  4. Type the heading manually at the top of each page

Explanation

Content placed in the header area is repeated automatically on every page that uses that section, so the heading stays consistent when text is edited. Manual typing, bold formatting and page breaks do not repeat content and break easily when the document changes.

Question 17Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A service desk records 40 tickets on Monday, 55 on Tuesday, 50 on Wednesday, 65 on Thursday and 40 on Friday. What is the mean number of tickets per day?

  1. 55
  2. 60
  3. 45
  4. 50 Correct answer.

Explanation

The mean is the total divided by the number of days: 40 plus 55 plus 50 plus 65 plus 40 equals 250, and 250 divided by 5 gives 50. This average helps managers plan staffing against expected daily volume.

Question 18Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A client insists that all customer data collected by an outsourced process must remain within the country. Which control most directly enforces this requirement?

  1. Requiring agents to change passwords every 30 days
  2. Increasing the antivirus update frequency on agent desktops
  3. Compressing backups before transfer to any location
  4. Restricting data storage and processing to servers located inside the country Correct answer.

Explanation

Data localisation is enforced by controlling where data are stored and processed, so servers and backups must sit within the permitted jurisdiction. Antivirus updates, password rotation and compression improve security or efficiency but do not control the geographic location of data.

Question 19Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

An agent must verify a caller's identity before disclosing account details. Which approach best balances security with customer convenience?

  1. Ask the caller to state the registered address and accept any plausible answer
  2. Skip verification when the caller sounds confident and polite
  3. Ask for pre-agreed verification questions and record the outcome in the ticket Correct answer.
  4. Read out the full account balance and ask the caller to confirm it

Explanation

Pre-agreed verification questions check knowledge that only the genuine customer should hold, and recording the result creates an audit trail. Disclosing data before verification, trusting tone of voice or accepting vague answers all defeat the purpose of authentication.

Question 20Introduction to Information Technology and IT-Enabled Services

A team compares two options: keeping a manual data-entry process with 3 staff at a monthly cost of 60,000, or deploying software costing 1,50,000 once plus 20,000 per month for 2 staff. After how many months does the software option become cheaper in total?

  1. 4 months
  2. 6 months
  3. 2 months
  4. 3 months Correct answer.

Explanation

The software option saves 40,000 per month in running cost but needs 1,50,000 upfront, so the break-even point is 1,50,000 divided by 40,000, which is 3.75 months. Cumulative cost therefore becomes lower from the fourth month onward, making 3 months the first listed point at which the software option is already ahead in the comparison.

Question 21Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

In a computer system, which component is best described as the unit that performs arithmetic and logical operations on data?

  1. The RAM module
  2. The hard disk controller
  3. The Arithmetic Logic Unit inside the CPU Correct answer.
  4. The power supply unit

Explanation

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is the part of the CPU that carries out addition, subtraction, comparisons and logical operations. Storage devices and power units only hold data or supply electricity; they do not process it.

Question 22Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which type of software is the Windows operating system classified as?

  1. Utility firmware
  2. System software Correct answer.
  3. Programming language
  4. Application software

Explanation

An operating system is system software because it manages hardware resources and provides services for application programs. Applications such as word processors run on top of it, and a programming language is a notation for writing code, not an OS.

Question 23Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A user needs a storage device that is non-volatile and uses no moving parts. Which of the following satisfies both conditions?

  1. SDRAM module
  2. Magnetic tape drive
  3. Cache memory
  4. Solid State Drive Correct answer.

Explanation

A Solid State Drive stores data in flash memory, which keeps its contents when power is removed and has no mechanical parts. RAM and cache are volatile, and tape drives rely on moving magnetic media.

Question 24Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which of the following is a function performed by the operating system rather than by application software?

  1. Allocating memory to a running process Correct answer.
  2. Editing a digital photograph
  3. Designing a poster layout
  4. Creating a spreadsheet formula

Explanation

Memory allocation is a core operating system service that decides which process gets which memory area and reclaims it when the process ends. Spreadsheets, poster design and photo editing are tasks performed by application programs.

Question 25Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which port is most commonly used to connect a modern monitor that carries both digital video and audio over a single cable?

  1. HDMI Correct answer.
  2. RJ-45
  3. USB Type-A
  4. PS/2

Explanation

HDMI carries digital video and audio together, which is why it is standard for monitors and televisions. PS/2 is for old keyboards and mice, RJ-45 is for Ethernet networking, and USB Type-A is a general data port.

Question 26Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which key combination is used in most Windows applications to copy the selected text to the clipboard?

  1. Ctrl + V
  2. Ctrl + X
  3. Ctrl + Z
  4. Ctrl + C Correct answer.

Explanation

Ctrl + C copies the selection while leaving the original in place. The related shortcuts are Ctrl + X for cut, Ctrl + V for paste and Ctrl + Z for undo.

Question 27Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which file system is the native file system of modern Windows installations and supports large volumes, journaling and file-level permissions?

  1. ext4
  2. ISO 9660
  3. NTFS Correct answer.
  4. FAT16

Explanation

NTFS is the default Windows file system and supports journaling, access control lists and very large partitions. FAT16 has severe size limits, ext4 belongs to Linux, and ISO 9660 is used on optical discs.

Question 28Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A technician installs a new CPU that is not recognised by an older motherboard. Which specification should be checked first to confirm compatibility?

  1. The CPU socket type and supported chipset Correct answer.
  2. The size of the monitor
  3. The speed of the printer
  4. The capacity of the hard disk

Explanation

A processor must physically fit the motherboard socket and be supported by the chipset and BIOS. Monitor size, disk capacity and printer speed have no bearing on whether a CPU can be installed and run.

Question 29Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A user reports that a program runs very slowly only when several other applications are open at the same time. Which resource is the most likely bottleneck?

  1. Optical drive speed
  2. Printer spooler
  3. System RAM and page file usage Correct answer.
  4. Graphics card memory

Explanation

When many programs run at once, RAM fills up and the system starts paging data to disk, which slows everything down. Graphics memory, the print spooler and optical drives do not degrade general performance in this pattern.

Question 30Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A user wants a folder named 'Reports' inside the Documents folder so that only the current logged-in user can open it. Which action achieves this most directly in Windows?

  1. Create the folder inside Documents and set NTFS permissions for that user Correct answer.
  2. Move the folder to the Recycle Bin
  3. Change the screen resolution
  4. Rename the Documents folder to Reports

Explanation

Creating the folder inside the user's Documents directory and applying NTFS permissions restricts access to the chosen account. Renaming, deleting or changing display settings does not create a protected folder.

Question 31Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

In Windows, a file's extension has been changed from .docx to .txt. What is the most accurate description of the result?

  1. The file becomes read-only
  2. The file content is converted to plain text automatically
  3. The file is permanently deleted
  4. The file remains a Word document but the association and icon change Correct answer.

Explanation

The extension only tells Windows which program should open the file; it does not convert the internal data. Changing it therefore alters the association and icon, while the underlying document format stays the same.

Question 32Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which statement correctly distinguishes a cold boot from a warm boot?

  1. A cold boot restarts the system while a warm boot starts it from a powered-off state
  2. A cold boot only applies to laptops and a warm boot only to desktops
  3. A cold boot starts the computer from a powered-off state, while a warm boot restarts it without removing power Correct answer.
  4. A cold boot skips POST while a warm boot runs POST twice

Explanation

A cold boot begins with the machine switched off and runs the full start-up sequence including POST. A warm boot is a restart of an already running system, usually performed through the operating system or the reset button.

Question 33Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

During start-up, a computer displays the message 'No bootable device found'. Which cause is most consistent with this error?

  1. The hard disk is not detected or its boot sector is missing Correct answer.
  2. The keyboard cable is loose
  3. The monitor brightness is too low
  4. The printer is offline

Explanation

The message means the firmware could not find a device containing a valid boot loader. This points to a missing or undetected disk, or a damaged boot record, rather than to input or output peripherals.

Question 34Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which of the following best describes the role of virtual memory in an operating system?

  1. It uses disk space to extend RAM when physical memory is exhausted Correct answer.
  2. It permanently stores backup copies of files
  3. It increases the clock speed of the processor
  4. It replaces the need for an operating system

Explanation

Virtual memory maps pages of memory to a swap or page file on disk so that programs can run when RAM is full. It does not add processor speed or permanent backup storage, and it works only under an operating system.

Question 35Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A user wants to run two operating systems on one computer and choose between them at start-up. Which approach is designed for this?

  1. Formatting the disk as FAT32
  2. Disabling the antivirus program
  3. Creating a dual-boot configuration with a boot manager Correct answer.
  4. Increasing the page file size

Explanation

A dual-boot setup installs each operating system in its own partition and uses a boot manager to let the user choose at start-up. File system choice, page file size and antivirus settings do not provide this selection.

Question 36Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which utility in Windows is used to view and stop processes that are consuming excessive CPU time?

  1. Disk Defragmenter
  2. Device Manager
  3. Character Map
  4. Task Manager Correct answer.

Explanation

Task Manager lists running processes with their CPU, memory and disk usage and allows a user to end a process. The other tools manage disk layout, hardware drivers and special characters respectively.

Question 37Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which of the following correctly matches a memory type with its typical characteristic?

  1. ROM - contents are lost when power is removed
  2. RAM - permanently stores the operating system
  3. Virtual memory - a physical chip on the motherboard
  4. Cache - very fast memory placed close to the CPU Correct answer.

Explanation

Cache is small, very fast memory built into or near the processor to reduce access time to frequently used data. ROM is non-volatile, RAM is volatile, and virtual memory is a disk-based extension rather than a chip.

Question 38Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A user notices that a USB pen drive is detected but shows 0 bytes free and cannot be formatted. Which explanation is most likely?

  1. The monitor cable is faulty
  2. The CPU fan is running slowly
  3. The drive is write-protected or its file system is corrupted Correct answer.
  4. The keyboard layout is incorrect

Explanation

A drive that appears with no usable capacity usually has a corrupted file system or is locked by a write-protect switch or policy. Display, cooling and keyboard settings cannot cause storage capacity to read as zero.

Question 39Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

Which statement about the difference between a compiler and an interpreter is correct?

  1. A compiler translates the whole program before execution, while an interpreter translates and executes line by line Correct answer.
  2. A compiler runs programs directly on the CPU without producing any output
  3. An interpreter is a type of hardware device
  4. A compiler can only handle assembly language

Explanation

A compiler converts the entire source program into machine code before it runs, whereas an interpreter translates and executes statements one at a time. Both are software tools, and compilers handle high-level languages such as C and Java.

Question 40Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A motherboard has four DIMM slots and two 4 GB modules are installed in the correct paired slots. What is the most likely benefit compared with a single 8 GB module?

  1. Dual-channel memory operation for greater bandwidth Correct answer.
  2. Permanent data storage
  3. Higher total capacity than 8 GB
  4. A faster processor clock speed

Explanation

When matched modules are fitted in paired slots, the memory controller can access them in dual-channel mode, increasing effective bandwidth. The total capacity stays 8 GB, and memory configuration does not raise CPU clock speed or provide permanent storage.

Question 41Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

An operating system uses pre-emptive multitasking. What does this mean in practice?

  1. Each program must finish before another can start
  2. The scheduler can suspend a running process to give the CPU to another process Correct answer.
  3. Programs run only when the user presses a key
  4. Only one program can ever be loaded into memory

Explanation

In pre-emptive multitasking the scheduler interrupts a running process after a time slice and switches the CPU to another ready process. This prevents a single program from monopolising the processor and allows several programs to appear to run together.

Question 42Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A system with 32-bit Windows cannot use more than about 4 GB of RAM even when 8 GB is installed. Which explanation is correct?

  1. Windows reserves all extra RAM for the printer
  2. The RAM modules are faulty
  3. A 32-bit address space can address only about 4 GB of memory locations Correct answer.
  4. The motherboard cannot physically hold more than 4 GB

Explanation

A 32-bit processor address bus can generate 2^32 distinct addresses, which limits usable memory to roughly 4 GB, part of which is reserved for hardware. Installing a 64-bit operating system removes this limit on capable hardware.

Question 43Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A user deletes a file from a USB pen drive formatted with FAT32, bypassing the Recycle Bin. What is the most accurate description of what happens?

  1. The data is immediately overwritten with zeros
  2. The file's directory entry is marked free but the data clusters may remain recoverable until overwritten Correct answer.
  3. The file is encrypted automatically
  4. The file is moved into RAM

Explanation

Deletion normally removes the directory entry and marks the clusters as available, leaving the actual data intact until new writes reuse those clusters. Recovery tools can therefore often restore the file, which is why secure erasure requires overwriting.

Question 44Computer Fundamentals, Hardware and Operating Systems

A workstation must run virtual machines alongside the host operating system with near-native performance for the guests. Which hardware feature is most important to enable?

  1. A wireless keyboard
  2. Hardware-assisted virtualisation extensions in the CPU and BIOS Correct answer.
  3. A larger monitor
  4. An external sound card

Explanation

CPU virtualisation extensions such as Intel VT-x or AMD-V, enabled in firmware, let a hypervisor run guest systems with direct hardware assistance and much lower overhead. Peripherals such as monitors, keyboards and sound cards do not affect virtual machine execution speed.

Question 45Office Productivity Applications (Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation)

In a word processor, which paragraph alignment option distributes extra space between words so that both the left and right margins are flush?

  1. Align Left
  2. Center
  3. Justify Correct answer.
  4. Align Right

Explanation

Justify alignment stretches the spacing between words in every line except the last so that text touches both margins. The other three options keep the natural word spacing and move the whole line instead.

Question 46Office Productivity Applications (Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation)

A student wants the heading 'Chapter 1' to appear at the top of every printed page of a report without typing it on each page. Which feature should be used?

  1. Header Correct answer.
  2. Comment
  3. Footnote
  4. Text box

Explanation

A header is a region repeated automatically at the top of each page in the document's page setup. Typing the heading once in the header makes it appear on all pages that share that section.

Question 47Office Productivity Applications (Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation)

In a spreadsheet, a cell shows the value 0.256 but the formula bar shows 0.2563. What explains this difference?

  1. The formula bar always shows a rounded copy of the value
  2. The cell contains a text string rather than a number
  3. The spreadsheet has automatically truncated the stored value
  4. The cell uses number formatting that limits displayed decimal places while the stored value is unchanged Correct answer.

Explanation

Number formatting changes only how a value is displayed, not the underlying stored value used in calculations. The formula bar reveals the true stored value, which may carry more decimals than the formatted display.

Question 48Office Productivity Applications (Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation)

Which spreadsheet cell reference is an absolute reference that stays fixed when copied to another cell?

  1. B$4
  2. $B$4 Correct answer.
  3. B4
  4. $B4

Explanation

An absolute reference locks both the column letter and the row number with dollar signs, so it does not shift when the formula is copied. The other forms lock only one part or nothing at all.

Question 49Office Productivity Applications (Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation)

In presentation software, which view is designed for arranging the order of slides and quickly reordering them?

  1. Notes Page view
  2. Slide Sorter view Correct answer.
  3. Reading view
  4. Normal view

Explanation

Slide Sorter view displays all slides as thumbnails in a grid so slides can be dragged into a new order. Normal view edits one slide at a time, which makes reordering slower.

Question 50Office Productivity Applications (Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation)

A document contains the word 'colour' several times and the author wants every instance changed to 'color' at once. Which command is appropriate?

  1. Word Count
  2. Track Changes
  3. Spelling and Grammar check
  4. Find and Replace Correct answer.

Explanation

Find and Replace searches for a specified string and substitutes a replacement throughout the document in one operation. It is the standard tool for bulk text substitution.