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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Odd Word Out
- The task of identifying the one word in a list that does not share the attribute common to the other words; that shared attribute defines the classifying rule.
- Category Rule
- A classification rule based on class membership, such as all four listed words being musical instruments or all being metals except one.
- Part-Whole Classification
- A rule in which every listed word names a component of the same larger object, so the odd word names something that is not a component of it.
- Degree Classification
- A rule in which the words form an ordered intensity scale such as warm, hot, scorching; the odd word does not sit on that same scale.
- Function Classification
- A rule in which all listed words name things used for the same purpose, for example cutting tools, so the odd word serves a different function.
- Distractor Word
- An answer choice that belongs to the shared category only in a looser or secondary sense, tempting the solver away from the word that clearly breaks the rule.
- Two-Rule Check
- Verifying that a proposed classification rule fits all but exactly one word; if the rule excludes two or more words, it is not the intended rule.
- Bridge Sentence
- A short sentence linking the first pair of a verbal analogy, such as 'a puppy is a young dog', which must also read correctly for the answer pair.
- Antonym Analogy
- A relationship in which the two stem words have opposite meanings, so the answer must be the opposite of the third word in the same way.
- Part-to-Whole Analogy
- A relationship where the first word is a component of the second, as a wheel is part of a car; the order must be preserved in the answer.
- Cause and Effect Analogy
- A relationship in which the first word produces or leads to the second, such as drought causing famine, so the answer must follow the same causal direction.
- Degree Analogy
- A relationship of relative intensity, where the second word is a stronger or weaker version of the first, as warm relates to hot.
- Order Reversal Trap
- An answer choice that has the right relationship but runs in the wrong direction, such as whole-to-part when the stem is part-to-whole.
- Constant Rotation
- A figure-series rule in which the shape turns by the same angle at each step, commonly 45, 90 or 180 degrees, so the next frame continues that turn.
- Alternating Series
- A figure series with two repeating forms, such as shading switching on and off, so odd and even positions each follow their own consistent pattern.
- Element Count Progression
- A rule in which the number of dots, lines or segments changes by a constant amount or by a doubling pattern from one frame to the next.
- Interleaved Series
- A series best read as two separate strands, where the first, third and fifth frames follow one rule and the even-numbered frames follow another.
- Position Shift Rule
- A rule in which one element moves a fixed number of places around a shape or grid at each step, such as clockwise two corners.
- Add-Remove Segment
- A rule in which a line, dot or side is added or removed at each step, often in an increasing pattern such as plus one, plus two, plus three.
- Transformation Mapping
- The process of describing exactly how the first figure changes into the second, then applying that same change to the third figure to obtain the answer.
- Reflection versus Rotation
- Two transformations that can look alike: reflection flips the figure as in a mirror and reverses orientation, while rotation preserves orientation and only turns it.
- Colour Inversion Rule
- A transformation in which filled and unfilled regions swap, so every shaded area becomes unshaded and every unshaded area becomes shaded in the answer figure.
- Size Scaling Rule
- A transformation in which the figure grows or shrinks by a consistent proportion, so the answer must keep both the new size and the original shape.
- Element Addition Rule
- A transformation in which a component such as a dot, arrow or inner shape is added or removed, and the answer must add or remove exactly the same component.
- Property-by-Property Check
- Comparing figures one attribute at a time, including shape, size, orientation, shading and number of parts, to confirm which transformation the stem pair actually uses.
- Arithmetic Sequence
- A number pattern with a constant difference between consecutive terms; find the difference by subtracting any term from the next, then continue adding it.
- Geometric Sequence
- A number pattern with a constant ratio between consecutive terms; divide a term by the previous one to find the multiplier, then multiply to extend the pattern.
- Second Differences
- When the first differences of a sequence are not constant, computing the differences of those differences; a constant second difference indicates a quadratic pattern.
- Average Formula
- The mean equals the sum of all values divided by the number of values; rearranged, the sum equals the average multiplied by the count.
- Percent Change
- Percent change equals the amount of change divided by the original value, multiplied by 100; an increase and a decrease of the same percent are not symmetric.
- Distance Rate Time
- Distance equals rate multiplied by time; rearranged, rate equals distance divided by time, and time equals distance divided by rate.
- Combined Work Rate
- When two agents work together, add their individual rates expressed as fractions of the job per unit time, then invert the total to find the combined time.