ISO 45001 Requirements: Clauses 4 to 10
Clause-by-clause high-yield points
4 Context – determine internal and external issues and the needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties (not all become requirements); define the scope as documented information based on the organization's activities, not on marketing wishes.
5 Leadership and worker participation – top management is accountable; there is no "management representative" role in ISO 45001. The policy commits to eliminating hazards and reducing risks. 5.4 requires consultation and participation of non-managerial workers, with barriers removed and information and training provided.
6 Planning – 6.1.2.1 requires proactive hazard identification considering work organization, social factors, culture, routine and non-routine activities, past incidents, emergency situations, workers, contractors, visitors and change. 6.1.3 covers legal and other requirements; 6.2 objectives must be measurable, monitored, communicated and updated.
7 Support – competence (education, training, experience), awareness, internal and external communication, and control of documented information (7.5.3: availability and protection).
8 Operation – 8.1 operational control including change management and procurement, contractors and outsourcing; 8.1.2 requires the hierarchy: eliminate, substitute, engineering controls and reorganization of work, administrative controls including training, then PPE. 8.2 emergency preparedness and response: plan, respond, test periodically, evaluate, review.
9 Performance evaluation – 9.1.1 monitoring and measurement with calibrated or verified equipment; 9.1.2 evaluation of compliance (determine frequency, evaluate, maintain knowledge and understanding of compliance status); 9.2 internal audit; 9.3 management review.
10 Improvement – 10.2 incident, nonconformity and corrective action (react, evaluate, investigate root cause, act, review effectiveness); 10.3 continual improvement.
Worked example: a noisy packing line. Reissuing hearing protection first is not the right answer; the correct sequence begins with eliminating or substituting the noise source, then engineering controls, then administrative controls, and PPE last. Jumping to PPE is a nonconformity against 8.1.2.