JNCLEX-RN (Jordan) flashcards

34 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Five rights of delegation

Right task, right circumstance, right person, right direction and communication, and right supervision and evaluation. The nurse retains accountability for assessment, teaching, and evaluation of outcomes.

SBAR handoff

A structured communication tool: Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. It reduces omission of critical information at transfer of accountability between nurses or to providers.

Informed consent elements

Disclosure of the procedure's nature, risks, benefits, and alternatives, plus the client's voluntary decision and competence. The provider obtains consent; the nurse verifies understanding and witnesses the signature.

Nurse practice scope

The legally defined set of activities a licensed nurse may perform. In Jordan the Jordanian Nursing Council sets scope, licensure, and continuing education requirements that govern safe delegation and assignment.

Airborne precautions

Required for tuberculosis, measles, and varicella. Use a fit-tested N95 respirator, a negative-pressure room with the door closed, and keep the client transported only when medically necessary.

Contact precautions

Used for MRSA, C. difficile, and scabies. Wear gown and gloves on entry, use dedicated equipment, and perform hand hygiene with soap and water for C. difficile because alcohol does not kill spores.

Needlestick post-exposure steps

Wash the site with soap and water, report immediately, obtain source serology, and begin HIV post-exposure prophylaxis as soon as possible, ideally within two hours of exposure.

RACE fire response

Rescue anyone in danger, Alarm the fire alarm, Contain the fire by closing doors, and Extinguish or Evacuate. Extinguisher use follows PASS: Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.

Sterile field contamination

The outer 2.5 cm border is unsterile, moisture strike-through contaminates the field, and items below waist level are contaminated. Never turn your back on a sterile field.

Prenatal visit schedule

For uncomplicated pregnancy: every four weeks until 28 weeks, every two weeks until 36 weeks, then weekly until birth. More frequent visits follow risk assessment by the provider.

Fetal heart rate baseline

Normal baseline is 110 to 160 beats per minute. Late decelerations indicate uteroplacental insufficiency; reposition the client, give oxygen, and notify the provider promptly.

Infant growth milestones

Birth weight doubles by about 5 months and triples by 12 months. Head circumference exceeds chest circumference until roughly 6 months of age in normally developing infants.

Live vaccine contraindications

Live vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy and in significant immunosuppression. Mild illness with low-grade fever is not a valid reason to postpone routine immunization.

Therapeutic communication

Uses open-ended questions, reflection, restatement, silence, and clarification. Avoid false reassurance, advice-giving, changing the subject, and asking why-questions that imply judgment.

Suicide risk assessment

Directly ask about ideation, plan, means, intent, and prior attempts. Asking does not increase risk. A safety contract alone is insufficient; maintain precautions per order.

Delirium versus dementia

Delirium has acute onset, fluctuating course, and impaired attention. Dementia has gradual, progressive cognitive decline with attention preserved early in the illness.

Alcohol withdrawal priority

Monitor CIWA scores and vital signs. Untreated severe withdrawal can progress to delirium tremens with seizures and cardiovascular collapse; benzodiazepines are first-line treatment.

Pressure injury staging

Stage 1 is nonblanchable erythema with intact skin; stage 2 is partial-thickness loss; stage 3 is full-thickness with visible fat; stage 4 extends to fascia, muscle, or bone.

Opioid adverse effects

Constipation is expected and requires a prophylactic bowel regimen. Respiratory depression is the priority concern and is reversed with naloxone plus airway support.

Fluid weight equivalence

A 1 kg change in body weight approximates 1 L of fluid. Adult insensible loss is roughly 500 to 600 mL per day and increases with fever and tachypnea.

Pain assessment scales

Use the numeric rating scale for adults, Wong-Baker FACES for children, and PAINAD or Abbey for clients with advanced dementia who cannot self-report pain reliably.

IV flow rate formula

Milliliters per hour equals total volume in milliliters divided by total time in hours. Drops per minute equals volume times drop factor divided by time in minutes.

Insulin types and IV use

Rapid-acting lispro and aspart act in 10 to 15 minutes; regular insulin in 30 to 60 minutes; NPH in 1 to 2 hours; glargine has no peak. Only regular insulin may be given intravenously.

Common antidotes

Naloxone reverses opioids, flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, acetylcysteine treats acetaminophen toxicity, protamine sulfate reverses heparin, and vitamin K reverses warfarin.

Transfusion reaction response

Stop the transfusion immediately, keep the IV line patent with 0.9% sodium chloride, assess vital signs, notify the provider and blood bank, and return the bag and tubing.

High-alert medications

Insulin, heparin, warfarin, opioids, chemotherapy, and concentrated potassium chloride require independent double-check and pump use. Intravenous push potassium chloride is never given.

DKA versus HHS

DKA shows ketosis, metabolic acidosis, and Kussmaul respirations, typically in type 1 diabetes. HHS shows profound hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality with minimal ketosis, typically in type 2.

Critical laboratory values

Potassium below 2.5 or above 6.5 mmol/L, sodium below 120 or above 160 mmol/L, glucose below 2.8 mmol/L, and hemoglobin below 7 g/dL require immediate provider notification.

Early warning signs

Rising respiratory rate, falling oxygen saturation, altered mentation, and decreasing urine output precede cardiac arrest. Escalate care using the early warning score and chain of command.

Acid-base interpretation

Check pH first, then PaCO2 for the respiratory component and bicarbonate for the metabolic component. ROME: Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal, indicating the direction of compensation.

Sepsis bundle priorities

Measure lactate, obtain cultures before antibiotics, give broad-spectrum antibiotics within one hour, and give 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate of 4 mmol/L or more.

Parkland burn formula

Give 4 mL times body weight in kilograms times percentage of total body surface area burned of lactated Ringer's in 24 hours, with half infused in the first 8 hours from injury.

Malpractice elements

All four must be proven: the nurse owed a duty of care, breached that duty, the breach caused the injury, and actual damages resulted. Missing any element defeats the claim.

Confidentiality exceptions

Disclosure may occur with client consent, when legally required such as reportable communicable disease or abuse injuries, or when there is a credible threat to an identifiable person.