Basic Care and Comfort
What this domain tests
Basic Care and Comfort tests hygiene, mobility, nutrition, elimination, sleep, pain, pressure-injury prevention, and comfort at end of life. Jordanian practice often includes family caregivers and religious practices such as prayer, fasting, and ritual washing, so care planning must be individualized.
Core rules
- Assess pain with a validated scale, treat, and reassess. Use nonpharmacologic comfort measures alongside analgesia.
- Prevent pressure injury with risk assessment, repositioning, support surfaces, moisture management, nutrition, and skin inspection.
- Promote early mobility and safe transfers; use gait belts and enough staff.
- Manage elimination with privacy, hydration, fiber, and bowel/bladder routines; avoid indwelling catheters unless indicated.
- In palliative care, prioritize symptom relief, dignity, and family support; address cultural and religious needs.
Worked example
A bedbound client has a reddened sacral area that does not blanch. The nurse should stage it as a pressure injury, keep pressure off, use a support surface, reposition, manage moisture, assess nutrition, and document size and appearance. Massage of the reddened area is not appropriate. Reasoning: non-blanchable erythema indicates tissue damage; massage can worsen it, and offloading plus nutrition are core.
Traps
- Massaging reddened bony prominences.
- Using a standard pain score without adapting for cognition or culture.
- Restricting fluids for incontinence without assessing cause.
- Ignoring fasting or prayer schedules when planning care.