Fukui Entrance English flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Distractor by repeated word

A wrong listening option that copies a word heard in the audio. The correct option usually paraphrases the idea instead of repeating vocabulary.

Trap signal words

Words like but, actually, instead, and never mind that announce a change of plan. The final answer usually comes right after them.

Request-response logic

A request such as "Could you close the door?" is answered with an action, permission, or refusal, not with a factual yes/no statement about the door.

Direction vocabulary

Terms for map and picture tasks: turn left, go past, next to, across from, between, and at the corner of. They locate objects in order.

Purpose of a short notice

The reason the text was written: to inform, to request an action, to warn, or to invite. Most short-passage questions test this.

NOT and EXCEPT questions

Questions asking which option is false. Three options are confirmed by the text; the answer is the one with no supporting sentence.

Pronoun reference rule

A pronoun such as it or they refers to the nearest earlier noun phrase that fits both grammar and meaning in that sentence.

Discount then tax

Apply the percentage discount to the subtotal first, then add any tax or service fee mentioned afterward. Order changes the final price.

Main idea versus detail

The main idea covers the whole passage. An option that is true but concerns only one paragraph is a detail and therefore wrong for main-idea items.

Paragraph function question

Asks what a paragraph does in the passage, such as giving an example, presenting a counterargument, or offering a solution, not what it states.

Condition-matching retrieval

For information-retrieval items, an option is correct only if it meets every stated requirement. A single mismatch in date, price, or category eliminates it.

Vocabulary in context

Substitute each candidate meaning into the original sentence and keep the one that preserves the sentence's logic and tone.

Author's attitude clues

Evaluative adverbs and adjectives such as surprisingly, unfortunately, and remarkably reveal the writer's stance toward the topic.

Subject-verb agreement head noun

The verb agrees with the head noun, not with a phrase between them. In "The list of items is long," the verb matches list.

Present perfect versus past simple

Present perfect pairs with for, since, already, and yet. Simple past pairs with finished past times such as yesterday or in 2019.

Third conditional form

If + had + past participle, then would have + past participle. It describes an unreal past situation and its imagined result.

Gerund and infinitive patterns

Enjoy, avoid, finish, and look forward to take -ing. Want, decide, hope, and plan take to + base verb.

Passive formation

Passive is be + past participle, as in "The bridge was built in 1990." Use it when the doer is unknown or unimportant.

Suffix part-of-speech map

Endings signal word class: -tion, -ment, -ness form nouns; -able, -ive, -ous form adjectives; -ly forms adverbs; -ize forms verbs.

Prefix meanings

un-, in-, im-, and dis- mean not; re- means again; pre- means before; over- means too much; under- means too little.

Common verb collocations

Fixed partnerships such as make a decision, take a break, do homework, pay attention, keep a promise, and heavy rain.

Lend versus borrow

Lend gives something temporarily to someone. Borrow receives it temporarily. The direction of the object decides which verb is correct.

Phrasal verb particles

The particle changes meaning: give up means quit, give in means surrender, give out means distribute, and give away means donate.

Topic sentence position

The opening sentence introduces the subject without backward-referring pronouns such as it or this, so it usually comes first in ordering tasks.

Cohesion markers

However signals contrast, therefore signals result, and for example signals that a general claim came before. They fix the order of sentences.

Article as ordering clue

A and an introduce new information, while the, this, and these refer to something already mentioned, so they appear later in the sequence.

Dialogue function matching

Match the reply to the function of the previous turn: an invitation gets an acceptance or refusal, an apology gets a reassuring reply.

Question-answer word pairing

Why needs because or to + verb. How long needs for or since. How often needs a frequency expression such as twice a week.

Email structure

Greeting, purpose sentence, body, closing, and name. Keep the register consistent, matching formal openings with formal replies.

Narrative tense layering

Set the scene in simple past, use past continuous for background actions, and past perfect for events that happened earlier.

Linkers by function

Addition: also, moreover. Contrast: however, on the other hand. Cause: because, since. Result: so, as a result. Example: for instance.

Integrated task order

Read the task question first, then scan the text for the exact data required. Complete steps in order so earlier results carry forward.