高知県高校入試 社会 - Independent practice flashcards

21 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

等高線

A contour line joins locations with the same elevation; spacing between neighboring contours helps indicate the steepness of a slope.

縮尺

Map scale expresses the ratio between a map distance and the corresponding ground distance, with both distances expressed in compatible units.

人口密度

Population density divides population by area; compare places using the same area unit and an appropriate population reference year.

季節風

A seasonal wind changes its prevailing direction through the year, influencing regional rainfall together with seas and mountain barriers.

促成栽培

Protected cultivation in suitable conditions can bring a crop to market earlier; distinguish advancing the growing schedule from delaying it.

階級区分図

A choropleth map groups a regional statistic into classes and shades areas accordingly; class boundaries influence the pattern readers perceive.

地域調査

Regional investigation combines maps, records, observations and interviews; choose a method that actually supplies evidence for the question being investigated.

班田収授法

This historical land-allotment system connected official distribution of fields with a population register; distinguish it from later permanent private-land ownership measures.

御恩と奉公

The relationship between a shogun and retainers linked recognition or grants of land rights with service, including military obligations.

勘合貿易

Official tally documents helped distinguish authorized Japan-Ming trade from unauthorized activity; place this relationship in its medieval historical setting.

地租改正

The Meiji land-tax reform linked tax to assessed land value and monetary payment; distinguish it from an unchanged rice tribute.

条約改正

Treaty revision addressed unequal provisions through diplomatic change; abolition of consular jurisdiction and recovery of tariff autonomy occurred through different stages.

農地改革

Postwar land reform changed agricultural ownership relationships; it belongs to a different historical setting from Meiji taxation and earlier land allotment.

史料の立場

A source reflects a particular producer, audience and purpose; its statement is evidence to evaluate rather than a complete account of every perspective.

国民主権

Popular sovereignty means political authority ultimately rests with the people; constitutional institutions provide procedures for exercising and limiting that authority.

三権分立

Separation of powers distributes state functions among institutions and supports checks against concentrated power, rather than removing cooperation between branches.

社会権

Social rights concern conditions necessary for a dignified life, such as livelihood and education; distinguish their category from political participation rights.

間接金融

In indirect finance, an intermediary such as a bank gathers funds and lends them onward, unlike a firm issuing shares directly to investors.

外部不経済

A negative externality places costs on people outside the transaction; the market price alone may not reflect those social costs.

所得再分配

Redistribution changes the distribution of income through instruments such as taxation and social support; it is one function of public finance.

比較優位

Comparative advantage concerns relative opportunity cost; gains from specialization do not require one country to be absolutely better at producing everything.