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Osaka Public High School Entrance Examination - Science study materials
Osaka Public High School Entrance Examination - Science study resources

Osaka Public High School Entrance Examination - Science practice questions

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Question 1Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A car moves along a straight road at a constant speed. It travels 120 m in 8.0 s. What is its speed?

  1. 20 m/s
  2. 18 m/s
  3. 12 m/s
  4. 15 m/s Correct answer.

Explanation

Speed is distance divided by time, so 120 m ÷ 8.0 s = 15 m/s. Constant speed means this value is the same throughout the interval.

Question 2Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Which of the following quantities includes information about direction as well as magnitude?

  1. speed
  2. time
  3. velocity Correct answer.
  4. distance

Explanation

Velocity is a vector quantity: it states how fast an object moves and in which direction. Speed, distance, and time give no direction.

Question 3Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A puck slides at a constant velocity across a horizontal sheet of ice. Friction is negligible. What is the net force acting on the puck?

  1. It is constant and points forward.
  2. It increases as the puck moves.
  3. It points opposite to the motion.
  4. It is zero. Correct answer.

Explanation

By Newton's first law, an object moving at constant velocity has zero net force. The puck keeps moving because no unbalanced force acts on it, not because a forward force is needed.

Question 4Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A net force of 12 N acts on a 3.0 kg object. What is the magnitude of its acceleration?

  1. 6.0 m/s²
  2. 4.0 m/s² Correct answer.
  3. 3.0 m/s²
  4. 2.0 m/s²

Explanation

Newton's second law gives a = F/m. Substituting 12 N and 3.0 kg gives 12 ÷ 3.0 = 4.0 m/s².

Question 5Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A wave has a frequency of 5.0 Hz and a wavelength of 4.0 m. What is its speed?

  1. 0.80 m/s
  2. 5.0 m/s
  3. 20 m/s Correct answer.
  4. 9.0 m/s

Explanation

Wave speed equals frequency multiplied by wavelength: v = fλ. Thus 5.0 Hz × 4.0 m = 20 m/s.

Question 6Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

What is the unit of electrical resistance in the SI system?

  1. volt
  2. watt
  3. ohm Correct answer.
  4. ampere

Explanation

Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω). One ohm is the resistance when a potential difference of one volt produces a current of one ampere.

Question 7Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A long straight wire carries a steady electric current. What is the shape of the magnetic field lines around the wire?

  1. Straight lines parallel to the wire
  2. A single straight line along the wire
  3. Concentric circles centered on the wire Correct answer.
  4. Radial lines pointing away from the wire

Explanation

The magnetic field produced by a straight current-carrying wire forms concentric circles around the wire in a plane perpendicular to it. The direction is given by the right-hand rule.

Question 8Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Two glass rods are rubbed with silk and then brought near each other. They repel. What can be concluded?

  1. They carry opposite types of electric charge.
  2. Both rods are electrically neutral.
  3. The rods have become magnetic poles.
  4. They carry the same type of electric charge. Correct answer.

Explanation

Like charges repel and opposite charges attract. Since the rods repel, they must have the same sign of charge.

Question 9Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A ball is released from rest and falls freely from a height of 20 m. Ignore air resistance and take g = 10 m/s². What is its speed just before hitting the ground?

  1. 200 m/s
  2. 10 m/s
  3. 20 m/s Correct answer.
  4. 40 m/s

Explanation

Using v² = 2gh, v² = 2 × 10 × 20 = 400, so v = 20 m/s. The mass is not needed because free-fall acceleration is the same for all objects.

Question 10Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 5.0 kg box is lifted vertically at constant speed through a height of 2.0 m. Take g = 10 m/s². How much work is done against gravity?

  1. 25 J
  2. 100 J Correct answer.
  3. 10 J
  4. 50 J

Explanation

Work against gravity is mgh = 5.0 × 10 × 2.0 = 100 J. Lifting at constant speed means the lifting force equals the weight.

Question 11Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A motor lifts a 300 N load through 4.0 m in 6.0 s at constant speed. What is the useful power of the motor?

  1. 200 W Correct answer.
  2. 50 W
  3. 720 W
  4. 1200 W

Explanation

Work = force × distance = 300 N × 4.0 m = 1200 J. Power = work ÷ time = 1200 J ÷ 6.0 s = 200 W.

Question 12Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A cart moving at speed v has kinetic energy 50 J. If its speed becomes 2v while its mass stays the same, what is its new kinetic energy?

  1. 100 J
  2. 200 J Correct answer.
  3. 25 J
  4. 400 J

Explanation

Kinetic energy is proportional to the square of speed: KE = ½mv². Doubling speed multiplies kinetic energy by 2² = 4, so 50 J becomes 200 J.

Question 13Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A potential difference of 6.0 V is applied across a 12 Ω resistor. What current flows through it?

  1. 0.50 A Correct answer.
  2. 6.0 A
  3. 2.0 A
  4. 72 A

Explanation

Ohm's law gives I = V/R. Substituting 6.0 V and 12 Ω gives 0.50 A.

Question 14Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 3.0 Ω resistor and a 6.0 Ω resistor are connected in series with a 9.0 V battery. What is the potential difference across the 6.0 Ω resistor?

  1. 6.0 V Correct answer.
  2. 3.0 V
  3. 4.5 V
  4. 1.0 V

Explanation

The total resistance is 9.0 Ω, so the current is 9.0 V ÷ 9.0 Ω = 1.0 A. Across the 6.0 Ω resistor, V = IR = 1.0 × 6.0 = 6.0 V.

Question 15Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 12 V power supply is connected across a device that draws a current of 0.50 A. What is the electric power used by the device?

  1. 24 W
  2. 12 W
  3. 6.0 W Correct answer.
  4. 0.042 W

Explanation

Electric power is P = VI. Multiplying 12 V by 0.50 A gives 6.0 W.

Question 16Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A person claps and hears the echo from a distant wall 2.0 s later. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. How far is the person from the wall?

  1. 680 m
  2. 340 m Correct answer.
  3. 170 m
  4. 1360 m

Explanation

In 2.0 s the sound travels 340 × 2.0 = 680 m. This is the round-trip distance, so the one-way distance is 680 ÷ 2 = 340 m.

Question 17Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

An object is placed well beyond the focal point of a convex lens. Which image is formed?

  1. A virtual, inverted image the same size as the object
  2. A real, upright image larger than the object
  3. A real, inverted image smaller than the object Correct answer.
  4. A virtual, upright image larger than the object

Explanation

For a convex lens, an object beyond twice the focal length forms a real, inverted, diminished image between f and 2f on the other side. A virtual upright magnified image occurs only when the object is closer than f.

Question 18Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A lever has its fulcrum between the effort and the load. The effort is applied 20 cm from the fulcrum, and the load of 60 N is 60 cm from the fulcrum. What effort is needed to balance the lever?

  1. 120 N
  2. 180 N Correct answer.
  3. 60 N
  4. 20 N

Explanation

For balance, effort × effort arm = load × load arm. Thus F × 20 cm = 60 N × 60 cm = 3600 N·cm, so F = 180 N.

Question 19Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A person weighing 600 N stands on two feet. The total area of the shoes in contact with the floor is 0.030 m². What average pressure do the feet exert on the floor?

  1. 2000 Pa
  2. 20 000 Pa Correct answer.
  3. 60 000 Pa
  4. 200 Pa

Explanation

Pressure equals force divided by area: p = F/A = 600 N ÷ 0.030 m² = 20 000 Pa. Using the total area of both shoes gives the average pressure over the contact area.

Question 20Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 2.0 kg of water by 10 °C? The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/(g·K).

  1. 3.36 × 10⁵ J
  2. 8.4 × 10⁴ J Correct answer.
  3. 1.68 × 10⁵ J
  4. 4.2 × 10⁴ J

Explanation

Convert the mass to grams: 2.0 kg = 2000 g. Then Q = mcΔT = 2000 × 4.2 × 10 = 8.4 × 10⁴ J.

Question 21Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A cart starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to 8.0 m/s in 4.0 s. It then moves at 8.0 m/s for 6.0 s and finally decelerates uniformly to rest in 2.0 s. What total distance does it travel?

  1. 48 m
  2. 96 m
  3. 72 m Correct answer.
  4. 64 m

Explanation

The acceleration phase covers ½ × 4.0 × 8.0 = 16 m. The constant-speed phase covers 8.0 × 6.0 = 48 m, and the deceleration phase covers ½ × 2.0 × 8.0 = 8 m. The total is 16 + 48 + 8 = 72 m.

Question 22Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A skydiver falls and eventually reaches terminal velocity. Which statement is correct at terminal velocity?

  1. The net force on the skydiver is zero. Correct answer.
  2. The downward force of gravity is larger than air resistance.
  3. The skydiver's acceleration is increasing.
  4. The skydiver's speed is decreasing steadily.

Explanation

At terminal velocity, air resistance has increased until it balances the downward force of gravity. The net force is zero, so acceleration is zero and the skydiver falls at constant speed.

Question 23Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 6.0 Ω resistor and a 3.0 Ω resistor are connected in parallel across a 12 V battery. What is the total electric power dissipated by the two resistors?

  1. 24 W
  2. 48 W
  3. 72 W Correct answer.
  4. 36 W

Explanation

The equivalent resistance of 6.0 Ω and 3.0 Ω in parallel is 2.0 Ω. Total power is V²/R = 12² ÷ 2.0 = 72 W, which also equals 24 W in the 6.0 Ω resistor plus 48 W in the 3.0 Ω resistor.

Question 24Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A ball is thrown vertically upward from ground level with an initial speed of 10 m/s. Ignore air resistance and take g = 10 m/s². What maximum height does it reach?

  1. 10 m
  2. 2.0 m
  3. 5.0 m Correct answer.
  4. 20 m

Explanation

At the top, all initial kinetic energy has become gravitational potential energy: ½mv² = mgh. Canceling m gives h = v²/(2g) = 100/20 = 5.0 m.

Question 25Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

An object is placed 10 cm from a convex lens of focal length 6.0 cm. Where is the image formed?

  1. 30 cm from the lens on the opposite side
  2. 3.8 cm from the lens on the opposite side
  3. 15 cm from the lens on the opposite side Correct answer.
  4. 6.0 cm from the lens on the same side

Explanation

The thin-lens equation 1/f = 1/do + 1/di gives 1/6.0 = 1/10 + 1/di, so 1/di = 1/15 and di = 15 cm. A positive image distance means a real image on the opposite side.

Question 26Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A cyclist moves along a straight road at a constant speed and travels 150 m in 10 s. What is the cyclist's speed?

  1. 1.5 m/s
  2. 15 m/s Correct answer.
  3. 150 m/s
  4. 1500 m/s

Explanation

Speed is distance divided by time: 150 m ÷ 10 s = 15 m/s. The other values come from misplacing the decimal point or from multiplying instead of dividing.

Question 27Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A book is resting on a horizontal table. Which statement describes the forces acting on the book?

  1. The forces on it are balanced. Correct answer.
  2. Only gravity acts on the book.
  3. The normal force is larger than gravity.
  4. Friction pushes the book forward.

Explanation

The book is at rest, so the net force on it is zero. Gravity downward is balanced by the normal force upward, so the two forces are equal in size and opposite in direction.

Question 28Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

What is the SI unit of work?

  1. joule Correct answer.
  2. newton
  3. watt
  4. pascal

Explanation

Work is energy transferred by a force, and the SI unit of both work and energy is the joule (J). One joule is equal to one newton-metre.

Question 29Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A wave has a frequency of 5.0 Hz. What is its period?

  1. 0.50 s
  2. 0.050 s
  3. 0.20 s Correct answer.
  4. 5.0 s

Explanation

Period is the reciprocal of frequency: T = 1/f = 1/5.0 Hz = 0.20 s. Frequency counts cycles per second, while period gives the seconds per cycle.

Question 30Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A potential difference of 3.0 V is applied across a 6.0 Ω resistor. What current flows through it?

  1. 18 A
  2. 9.0 A
  3. 2.0 A
  4. 0.50 A Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohm's law gives I = V/R = 3.0 V ÷ 6.0 Ω = 0.50 A. Current increases with voltage and decreases with resistance.

Question 31Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Two lamps are connected in series to a battery. What is the same for both lamps?

  1. the current through each lamp Correct answer.
  2. the potential difference across each lamp
  3. the resistance of each lamp
  4. the power used by each lamp

Explanation

In a series circuit there is only one path, so the same current passes through every component. Potential difference, resistance and power can differ between the lamps if their resistances differ.

Question 32Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Sound travels fastest through which of the following?

  1. vacuum
  2. steel Correct answer.
  3. water
  4. air

Explanation

Sound is a mechanical wave and travels faster in solids than in liquids or gases because the particles are closer together. Steel is a solid, so sound travels fastest there among the choices.

Question 33Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Two bar magnets are brought close so that their north poles face each other. What happens?

  1. They repel each other. Correct answer.
  2. They attract each other.
  3. They do not interact.
  4. They become electric charges.

Explanation

Like magnetic poles repel each other, so two north poles facing each other push apart. Unlike poles, such as a north pole and a south pole, attract each other.

Question 34Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A car's velocity changes uniformly from 4.0 m/s to 12 m/s in 4.0 s. What is its acceleration?

  1. 8.0 m/s²
  2. 3.0 m/s²
  3. 2.0 m/s² Correct answer.
  4. 4.0 m/s²

Explanation

Acceleration is change in velocity divided by time: (12 − 4.0) ÷ 4.0 = 2.0 m/s². The velocity increases by 8.0 m/s over 4.0 s.

Question 35Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

An object is dropped from rest from a height of 45 m. Ignoring air resistance and taking g = 10 m/s², how long does it take to reach the ground?

  1. 2.0 s
  2. 3.0 s Correct answer.
  3. 9.0 s
  4. 4.5 s

Explanation

For free fall from rest, h = ½gt². Rearranging gives t = √(2h/g) = √(90/10) = √9 = 3.0 s.

Question 36Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A box is pushed along a horizontal floor at constant speed by a horizontal force of 25 N. What is the size of the friction force acting on the box?

  1. 25 N Correct answer.
  2. 12.5 N
  3. 0 N
  4. 50 N

Explanation

At constant speed the net horizontal force on the box is zero. The push and the friction force are equal and opposite, so the friction force is 25 N.

Question 37Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 3.0 kg object is raised to a height of 5.0 m above the ground. Taking g = 10 m/s², what is its increase in gravitational potential energy?

  1. 50 J
  2. 150 J Correct answer.
  3. 15 J
  4. 30 J

Explanation

The gain in gravitational potential energy is mgh = 3.0 × 10 × 5.0 = 150 J. Mass, gravitational field strength and height are multiplied together.

Question 38Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A wave has a frequency of 4.0 Hz and a wavelength of 0.50 m. What is its speed?

  1. 8.0 m/s
  2. 0.13 m/s
  3. 2.0 m/s Correct answer.
  4. 4.5 m/s

Explanation

Wave speed equals frequency times wavelength: v = fλ = 4.0 Hz × 0.50 m = 2.0 m/s. Frequency is cycles per second and wavelength is metres per cycle.

Question 39Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A ray of light strikes a plane mirror with an angle of incidence of 30°. What is the angle between the incident ray and the reflected ray?

  1. 60° Correct answer.
  2. 120°
  3. 90°
  4. 30°

Explanation

The law of reflection says the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection, both measured from the normal. The two rays lie on opposite sides of the normal, so the angle between them is 30° + 30° = 60°.

Question 40Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A ray of light passes from air into water at an angle. How does the ray bend?

  1. It bends toward the normal. Correct answer.
  2. It does not bend.
  3. It bends away from the normal.
  4. It reflects completely.

Explanation

When light enters a denser medium such as water from air, it slows down and bends toward the normal. The opposite bending occurs when light leaves a denser medium and enters a less dense one.

Question 41Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Two 10 Ω resistors are connected in parallel. What is the total resistance?

  1. 5.0 Ω Correct answer.
  2. 10 Ω
  3. 20 Ω
  4. 0 Ω

Explanation

For two equal resistors in parallel, the total resistance is half of one resistor: 10 Ω ÷ 2 = 5.0 Ω. Equivalently, 1/R = 1/10 + 1/10 = 2/10, so R = 5.0 Ω.

Question 42Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 4.0 Ω resistor and a 6.0 Ω resistor are connected in series to a 20 V battery. What current flows in the circuit?

  1. 5.0 A
  2. 2.0 A Correct answer.
  3. 20 A
  4. 0.50 A

Explanation

In series the total resistance is 4.0 + 6.0 = 10 Ω. Ohm's law then gives I = V/R = 20 V ÷ 10 Ω = 2.0 A.

Question 43Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Which change would make the magnetic field of an electromagnet stronger?

  1. removing the iron core
  2. increasing the current Correct answer.
  3. using fewer turns of wire
  4. reversing the current direction

Explanation

The strength of an electromagnet increases with the current and with the number of turns of wire. An iron core also concentrates the magnetic field and makes it stronger.

Question 44Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A magnet is moved quickly into a coil connected to a galvanometer. What is observed?

  1. The needle deflects while the magnet moves. Correct answer.
  2. The coil becomes a permanent magnet.
  3. The needle deflects only when the magnet is still.
  4. The needle stays at zero at all times.

Explanation

A changing magnetic field through the coil induces a potential difference, so the galvanometer needle deflects while the magnet is moving. When the magnet is stationary, the magnetic field through the coil is not changing, so no current is induced.

Question 45Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

An electric motor is used to raise a load. What is the main useful energy transfer in this process?

  1. electrical energy to sound energy
  2. electrical energy to gravitational potential energy Correct answer.
  3. chemical energy to light energy
  4. kinetic energy to electrical energy

Explanation

A motor uses electrical energy to do mechanical work, and raising a load increases the load's gravitational potential energy. Some energy is also transferred to the surroundings as heat by friction and resistance.

Question 46Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

Two forces of 3.0 N and 4.0 N act at right angles to each other on an object. What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

  1. 12 N
  2. 5.0 N Correct answer.
  3. 1.0 N
  4. 7.0 N

Explanation

For perpendicular forces, the resultant magnitude is found using Pythagoras: √(3.0² + 4.0²) = √25 = 5.0 N. The forces cannot simply be added because they are at right angles.

Question 47Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

An object is placed 4.0 cm from a convex lens of focal length 6.0 cm. What kind of image is formed?

  1. no image at all
  2. a virtual image on the object side Correct answer.
  3. a real image at the focal point
  4. a real image on the other side

Explanation

For a convex lens, an object placed closer than the focal length produces a virtual, upright and magnified image on the same side as the object. Here 4.0 cm is less than 6.0 cm, so the image is virtual.

Question 48Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 100 W appliance is used for 5.0 hours. How much electrical energy does it use?

  1. 20 kWh
  2. 5.0 kWh
  3. 0.50 kWh Correct answer.
  4. 0.020 kWh

Explanation

Electrical energy in kilowatt-hours is power in kilowatts multiplied by time in hours: 0.100 kW × 5.0 h = 0.50 kWh. The power must first be converted from watts to kilowatts.

Question 49Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A 6.0 Ω resistor is connected in series with a parallel pair made of a 6.0 Ω resistor and a 3.0 Ω resistor. The circuit is connected to a 16 V battery. What is the total current?

  1. 4.0 A
  2. 0.50 A
  3. 2.0 A Correct answer.
  4. 1.0 A

Explanation

The parallel pair has resistance R_p given by 1/R_p = 1/6.0 + 1/3.0 = 1/2.0, so R_p = 2.0 Ω. Adding the series 6.0 Ω gives 8.0 Ω, and Ohm's law gives I = 16 V ÷ 8.0 Ω = 2.0 A.

Question 50Physics (第1分野 - physical phenomena: motion and forces, energy, waves, electricity and magnetism)

A sound wave has a frequency of 500 Hz and travels at 340 m/s. What is its wavelength?

  1. 0.68 m Correct answer.
  2. 0.0017 m
  3. 1.5 m
  4. 170 m

Explanation

For any wave, speed = frequency × wavelength, so wavelength = speed ÷ frequency = 340 m/s ÷ 500 Hz = 0.68 m. Frequency is cycles per second, and wavelength is the distance per cycle.