Product Knowledge, Tools, and Brush Techniques
Product Knowledge, Tools, and Brush Techniques tests formula selection, ingredient awareness, brush fibers, and hygiene. Expect questions on primers, foundation bases, setting products, shelf life, and which tool suits which texture.
Core rules
- Water-based foundations pair with water-based primers; silicone primers can cause water-based formulas to separate or pill. Oil-based creams need compatible prep and removal.
- Synthetic bristles suit creams, liquids, and concealers because they do not absorb much product. Natural hair suits powders. A stippling brush or damp sponge gives sheer coverage; a dense buffer gives fuller coverage.
- Read the period-after-opening symbol. Mascara is typically 3 months after opening; liquid foundation 6–12 months; powders last longer but still need clean storage. Never add water to dried mascara.
- Ingredients matter: denatured alcohol can dry the skin, fragrance can irritate, and dimethicone or glycerin can improve slip and hydration. Match the formula to the skin state.
- Clean brushes after each client and deep-clean regularly; dry bristles downward to protect the ferrule.
Worked example
A mature client with dry skin wants a dewy finish. Reasoning: powder foundation and a stiff buffing brush will emphasize flakes. Use a hydrating primer, a cream or silicone-based foundation applied with a synthetic stippling brush or damp sponge, cream blush, and a light setting spray. Powder only the T-zone.
Traps
Using a natural-hair brush for cream foundation, pumping mascara to get more product, sharing mascara, using expired liquids, and mixing incompatible primer and foundation bases.