KS Esthetician flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Stratum corneum
- The outermost epidermal layer of flattened, keratinized, dead corneocytes embedded in intercellular lipids; it provides the primary barrier against water loss and environmental insult.
- Melanocyte function
- Basal-layer cells that synthesize melanin through the enzyme tyrosinase and transfer melanosomes to surrounding keratinocytes, producing uniform pigmentation and protection from UV radiation.
- Fitzpatrick scale
- A six-category classification of sun reactivity based on burning and tanning history; type I always burns and never tans, while type VI is deeply pigmented and rarely burns.
- Comedone vs papule
- A comedone is a noninflammatory plugged follicle (open or closed); a papule is an inflamed, raised lesion. Only mature comedones are appropriate for extraction.
- Isotretinoin contraindication
- Use of isotretinoin within the past six to twelve months contraindicates waxing, peels, and aggressive exfoliation because skin is fragile, thin, and prone to tearing.
- Informed consent
- Documented client permission obtained after explaining the service, products, expected outcome, and risks; required before treatment and retained in the client record.
- Effleurage
- A massage movement using light-to-firm gliding strokes that follow tissue direction; it opens and closes a facial massage and links deeper movements.
- Petrissage
- A group of massage movements including kneading, rolling, and squeezing that lift and manipulate tissue to increase circulation and relax muscles.
- Chemical peel depth
- Superficial peels affect the epidermis to papillary dermis, medium peels reach the upper reticular dermis, and deep peels reach the mid-reticular dermis with greater risk.
- Anagen phase
- The active growth stage of the hair follicle, when the hair is attached to the bulb and blood supply; waxing is most effective during this phase.
- Hard wax
- A resin-based wax applied in a thick layer that hardens without strips and is removed against hair growth; preferred for facial and sensitive areas.
- Double-dipping
- Reinserting a used wax stick or spatula into the wax pot, which introduces contaminants; prohibited practice requiring a fresh applicator per client.
- Foundation undertone
- The underlying hue of skin - warm (yellow, golden), cool (pink, blue), or neutral - matched along with depth at the jawline in natural light.
- Brow mapping points
- Three reference points for shaping: the inner corner for the brow start, the outer iris line for the arch, and the outer corner for the tail.
- Lash extension safety
- Adhesive is applied one to two millimeters from the eyelid with each natural lash isolated; lashes are never glued to skin, and a patch test is required.
- Acid mantle
- The slightly acidic film on skin averaging pH 4.5 to 5.5, formed by sebum, sweat, and lipids; it supports barrier function and microbial balance.
- Humectant
- An ingredient such as glycerin or hyaluronic acid that attracts and binds water to the skin surface, increasing hydration in the stratum corneum.
- Occlusive
- An ingredient such as petrolatum or dimethicone that forms a film on the skin surface, reducing transepidermal water loss rather than adding water.
- Emulsion
- A mixture of oil and water stabilized by an emulsifier; oil-in-water emulsions are lighter, while water-in-oil emulsions are richer and more occlusive.
- Sanitation vs disinfection
- Sanitation removes visible debris from surfaces; disinfection uses chemicals to destroy most pathogens on nonporous items, following the label contact time.
- Contact time
- The duration a surface must remain visibly wet with disinfectant, as stated on the manufacturer label, to achieve the claimed microbial kill.
- Standard precautions
- Treating all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious; gloves and hand hygiene are used for every client when contact with fluids is possible.
- Porous single-use items
- Materials such as cotton, wooden sticks, sponges, and files that cannot be adequately disinfected and must be discarded after one client.
- Sebaceous gland
- A gland attached to the hair follicle that secretes sebum; largest and most active on the face, scalp, and upper back, and stimulated by androgens.
- Skin type vs condition
- Skin type (oily, dry, combination, normal) is the stable oil and moisture balance; a condition (acne, rosacea, dehydration) is a temporary or treatable state.
- ABCDE lesion rule
- Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter over six millimeters, and Evolving change; any positive finding warrants medical referral rather than treatment.
- Patch test
- A small controlled application of a product, such as wax, adhesive, or tint, performed 24 to 48 hours before service to detect sensitivity.
- Facial treatment sequence
- Cleanse, analyze, exfoliate, steam, extract, massage, mask, tone, moisturize, and apply sunscreen; order may be adjusted for skin sensitivity and service goals.
- Salicylic acid
- A lipid-soluble beta hydroxy acid that penetrates sebaceous follicles, exfoliates inside the pore, and is used for oily and comedonal skin.
- Extraction limits
- Only mature comedones with visible openings are extracted; inflamed papules, pustules, and nodules are left alone to avoid spreading inflammation and scarring.
- Kansas Board of Cosmetology
- The state agency that licenses estheticians and salons, sets sanitation and continuing education rules, inspects facilities, and may discipline licenses for violations.
- Scope of practice
- The services a licensee is legally permitted to perform; estheticians provide skin care, while injectables and laser resurfacing require medical licensure.