Kentucky CNA (SRNA) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Clean-to-dirty washing order

In a bed bath, wash the face and neck first, then the arms, chest, abdomen, legs, and back, and wash the perineal area last to reduce the spread of germs.

Dressing a resident with weakness

Dress the affected or weak side first, then the stronger side; when undressing, remove the stronger side first so the weak limb is protected from strain.

Oral care for an unconscious resident

Turn the head to the side, use suction or a moist swab, and avoid liquids that could be aspirated; do not use toothpaste on an unconscious person.

Bath water temperature

Bath water is usually about 105 degrees Fahrenheit (40 to 41 degrees Celsius); test the temperature first and never leave the resident alone in a tub or shower.

Normal adult respiratory rate

A normal resting respiratory rate for adults is 12 to 20 breaths per minute; count for a full minute if the rhythm is irregular.

Counting respirations unnoticed

Do not tell the resident you are counting breaths; keep your fingers on the wrist as if still taking the pulse so breathing stays natural.

Radial pulse technique

Place the index and middle fingertips on the thumb side of the wrist and press lightly; never use your thumb because it has its own pulse.

Fluid ounce to milliliters

One fluid ounce equals 30 milliliters, and one standard cup equals 240 milliliters, so intake and output can be recorded accurately in milliliters.

Cane used on strong side

The resident holds the cane on the stronger side and moves the cane and weaker leg forward together, then steps forward with the stronger leg.

Repositioning to prevent pressure injury

Turn and reposition an immobile resident at least every two hours and keep the heels and other bony areas off the mattress with pillows or supports.

Goal of restorative care

Restorative care helps residents keep or regain function by encouraging them to perform as much of their own self-care as they safely can.

Kubler-Ross grief stages

The five stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance; not everyone follows the same order or experiences every stage.

Signs of depression to report

Withdrawal, loss of appetite, changed sleep patterns, crying, and loss of interest in activities should be reported to the nurse for evaluation.

Responding to a confused resident

Do not argue or correct harshly; use a calm tone, simple words, and gentle redirection to reduce agitation and keep the resident safe.

Common defense mechanisms

Denial, regression, projection, and rationalization are unconscious coping behaviors; recognize them without arguing and report significant changes to the nurse.

Spirituality versus religion

Spirituality is a broad sense of meaning and purpose, while religion is an organized belief system; care should support both without imposing personal beliefs.

Honoring cultural food preferences

Check the diet card and ask the resident about religious or cultural food rules such as kosher, halal, or vegetarian diets before serving any food.

Cultural differences in touch

Cultures differ in comfort with eye contact, touch, and personal space; observe the resident's reactions and adjust care to respect those preferences.

Communicating with hearing loss

Get the resident's attention, face them, speak clearly at a normal volume, reduce background noise, and avoid shouting or covering your mouth.

Communicating with aphasia

Allow extra time to respond, ask yes-or-no questions, and use gestures or picture boards; never finish the resident's sentences for them.

Objective versus subjective reporting

Report what you see, hear, and measure rather than opinions or guesses, and include the time, what happened, and what you did.

Reality orientation

Calmly remind a confused resident of person, place, and time using clocks, calendars, and simple statements during daily care.

Right to refuse treatment

A resident may refuse any care or treatment; accept the refusal, document it, and report it to the nurse rather than forcing the care.

Resident grievance rights

Residents may file complaints without fear of retaliation, and staff must not punish or treat a resident differently for voicing concerns.

Resident right to privacy

Care, records, and conversations about a resident are confidential; close doors and curtains and discuss information only with the care team.

Resident right to choose

Residents have the right to make their own choices about care, schedule, and activities, and staff should offer options rather than deciding for them.

Mandatory abuse reporting

Any suspicion of physical, sexual, verbal, or financial abuse or neglect must be reported immediately to the charge nurse and according to state law.

Assault versus battery

Assault is a threat to touch a person without consent, while battery is actual unauthorized touching; both are legal violations in care settings.

Negligence in nursing care

Negligence is failing to give the care that a reasonable, similarly trained person would give, resulting in harm to the resident.

Nursing assistant scope of practice

A nurse aide performs basic personal care and reports findings but does not assess, give medications, insert catheters, or start intravenous lines.

Chain of command reporting

Report changes and problems first to the charge nurse, who reports to the registered nurse, then the supervisor, and then the administrator.

Refusing unsafe delegation

If asked to perform a task you are not trained for or that is unsafe, say so, ask the nurse, and report the concern rather than proceeding.