Lebanese Baccalaureate - General Sciences (GS) study guide
Lebanese Baccalaureate - General Sciences (GS) · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Lebanese Baccalaureate in General Sciences (Sciences Générales) is the national school-leaving diploma for students in the general-sciences stream, taken at the end of secondary school and used for university admission in Lebanon and abroad. It is intended for students who want a science-heavy preparation: mathematics carries the largest share of the paper, followed by physics and chemistry, then biology, with an integrated scientific section that asks you to reason across disciplines rather than recall one syllabus. The Lebanese Baccalaureate - General Sciences (GS) study guide has 5 sections and about 1,352 words.
01Mathematics - Analysis, Algebra and Probability
The GS mathematics paper rewards fluency across four blocks: real analysis (limits, continuity, differentiability, the derivative as a rate and as a tangent slope, monotonicity and the variation table), integration (antiderivatives, area between curves, integration by parts, computing a mean value), complex numbers (algebraic and trigonometric form, modulus-argument, roots of unity, geometric interpretation) and probability/statistics (conditional probability, independence, binomial and normal approximations). Sequences and recurrences also appear, often coupled with induction.
288 words, about 1 min02Physics - Mechanics, Electricity and Waves
GS physics is quantitative. You must handle kinematics and Newtonian dynamics (vectors, free-body diagrams, work–energy theorem, conservation of mechanical momentum and energy), electricity (Coulomb's law, field and potential, capacitors, RC charging/discharging, Ohm's law and circuits) and oscillations and waves (harmonic motion, period–frequency relations, wave speed, refraction, interference).
270 words, about 1 min03Chemistry - Equilibrium, Kinetics and Organic Chemistry
The chemistry paper tests quantitative solution chemistry (concentration, dilution, pH, acid–base titration, buffers), chemical equilibrium (Le Chatelier's principle, Kc, Ksp, weak-acid dissociation), kinetics (rate laws, factors affecting rate, catalysis) and organic chemistry (functional groups, nomenclature, addition/substitution/esterification, polymerisation). Electrochemistry and redox balancing appear regularly.
265 words, about 1 min04Biology - Genetics, Physiology and Evolution
GS biology spans genetics (Mendelian inheritance, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, sex-linked traits, meiosis vs mitosis, DNA structure and protein synthesis), human physiology (nervous and hormonal regulation, immunity, blood glucose regulation, gas exchange) and evolution and ecology (natural selection, adaptation, population dynamics, energy flow). Experimental reasoning - interpreting a protocol and its controls - is increasingly tested.
249 words, about 1 min05Integrated Sciences - Cross-Disciplinary Reasoning
The combined scientific paper asks you to read a document, extract data and reason across disciplines . Typical items link physics and biology (radioactivity and its biological effects, medical imaging), chemistry and biology (pH regulation in blood, enzymes as catalysts, respiration and combustion), or mathematics and physics (graph reading, linearisation, error estimation).
280 words, about 1 min