Moldova Civil Service Competition flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Constitution supremacy
- Article 7 of the Constitution of Moldova states that any law or legal act contrary to the Constitution has no legal force, establishing the Constitution as the supreme law.
- Organic law matters
- Article 72 reserves organic law for the organisation of the Government, public administration, civil service and local public administration, preventing regulation of these matters by ordinary law.
- Public servant definition
- Under Law No. 158/2008, a public servant is a person appointed to a public office in a central or local public authority and remunerated from the state or local budget.
- Disciplinary sanctions list
- Law No. 158/2008 provides sanctions including warning, reprimand, severe reprimand, suspension of promotion rights for one to three years, and dismissal from the civil service.
- Administrative act definition
- An administrative act is a unilateral, authoritative decision of a public authority producing legal effects, issued in writing with legal basis, factual grounds, decision, signature, date and number.
- Prior hearing rule
- Before an unfavourable individual administrative act, the authority must invite the person to express a view, unless urgency or public interest justifies a reasoned exception.
- Budget principles
- Public budgeting follows principles of unity, universality, annuality, equilibrium, transparency, specialisation and publicity, with the fiscal year matching the calendar year.
- Procurement law number
- Public procurement in Moldova is governed by Law No. 131/2015, aligned with EU directives, with thresholds determining whether open tender or another procedure applies.
- Integrity Authority role
- The National Integrity Authority, established by Law No. 82/2017, verifies asset and interest declarations and may issue integrity warnings or prohibit holding public office.
- Whistleblower protection law
- Law No. 122/2018 regulates whistleblower protection, requiring public authorities to provide confidential reporting channels and prohibiting retaliation against reporters.
- Parliament composition
- Parliament is the supreme representative body of Moldova, composed of 101 deputies elected for a four-year term; it adopts laws, ratifies treaties and approves the budget.
- Ombudsman function
- The People's Advocate (Ombudsman) protects citizens' rights against administrative abuse, examines complaints and reports annually to Parliament on rights protection.
- Equality before law
- Article 16 of the Constitution guarantees equality before the law and prohibits discrimination based on race, nationality, language, religion, sex, age, opinion, property or social origin.
- Equality Council mandate
- The Equality Council, established under Law No. 121/2012, examines discrimination complaints and issues binding recommendations to public authorities and private entities.
- Access to information deadline
- Under Law No. 982/2000, public authorities must respond to information requests within 15 working days, extendable by five working days with written notice.
- Electronic signature validity
- Law No. 91/2014 provides that a qualified electronic signature has the same legal effect as a handwritten signature in electronic documents and public services.
- Administrative litigation law
- Law No. 793/2000 on administrative litigation allows courts to review the legality of administrative acts and inaction, annul illegal acts and award compensation.
- Prior complaint deadline
- In administrative litigation, a prior complaint to the authority is generally mandatory; the authority has 30 days to respond before the person may file in court.
- Court of Accounts role
- The Court of Accounts is Moldova's supreme audit institution; it audits the legality and performance of public funds use and reports findings to Parliament.
- Conflict of interest rule
- A public official must declare any conflict of interest and abstain from the decision; the National Integrity Authority may annul an act affected by an undeclared conflict.
- Local autonomy principle
- Local public administration exercises administrative, financial and managerial autonomy within the law, with Government tutelage limited to reviewing the legality of local acts.
- Indirect discrimination
- Indirect discrimination arises where an apparently neutral provision, criterion or practice disadvantages persons on a protected ground, unless objectively justified by a legitimate aim.
- Once-only principle
- The once-only principle requires public authorities to reuse data already held by the state, avoiding repeated requests for documents from citizens in digital services.
- MPass identity system
- MPass is Moldova's national electronic identity system, enabling secure authentication and access to online public services through the Governmental Service Portal.
- Petition response deadline
- Under Law No. 190/1994 on petitioning, public authorities must examine and respond in writing to citizens' petitions within 30 days of registration.
- Proportionality principle
- The proportionality principle requires that administrative measures be suitable, necessary and proportionate to the aim pursued, using the least restrictive means available.
- Public consultation law
- Law No. 239/2008 requires publication of draft normative acts on particip.gov.md for at least 10 working days and documented consultation with civil society.
- Civil service probation
- Under Law No. 158/2008, a probation period of up to six months may be set for first-time public servants; failure to confirm may lead to dismissal.
- National Anti-Corruption Centre
- The National Anti-Corruption Centre (CNA) investigates corruption offences, including passive and active bribery, influence peddling and illicit enrichment, and conducts integrity testing.
- Administrative silence rule
- Under the Administrative Code, failure of an authority to decide within the legal term is treated as refusal and may be challenged before the administrative court.
- Regulatory impact assessment
- Regulatory impact assessment evaluates the economic, social and environmental effects of draft normative acts before adoption, supporting evidence-based decision-making.
- Personal data protection law
- Law No. 133/2011 governs personal data protection in Moldova, aligned with GDPR principles, and the CNPDCP supervises compliance and may impose sanctions.