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FRC Insurance Agent Licensing Examination study materials
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FRC Insurance Agent Licensing Examination practice questions

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Question 1Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

In insurance terminology, what does the principle of indemnity require after a covered loss?

  1. That the beneficiary receive double the policy limit as a punitive measure
  2. That the insured be restored to approximately the same financial position held before the loss Correct answer.
  3. That the insurer pay a fixed sum stated on the policy face regardless of actual loss
  4. That the insured receive a profit from the claim so future premiums are offset

Explanation

Indemnity means the insured is restored to the pre-loss financial position, no better and no worse. It prevents recovery exceeding the actual amount of the loss and underlies limits, deductibles, and actual cash value settlements.

Question 2Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which party is the applicant who purchases a life insurance policy on their own life?

  1. The beneficiary
  2. The adjuster
  3. The reinsurer
  4. The policyowner Correct answer.

Explanation

The policyowner (also called the owner) is the person who applies for and owns the contract and holds the rights under it, such as naming beneficiaries or surrendering the policy. The insured is the person whose life is covered, and these roles can be the same person or different people.

Question 3Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured's home is damaged by fire, and the insurer later seeks reimbursement from the negligent contractor who caused the fire. Which insurance principle allows the insurer to do this?

  1. Coinsurance
  2. Subrogation Correct answer.
  3. Waiver
  4. Utmost good faith

Explanation

Subrogation transfers the insured's right to recover from the responsible third party to the insurer after it pays the claim. This prevents the insured from collecting twice and holds the party at fault accountable.

Question 4Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which characteristic distinguishes an insurable risk from a purely speculative one?

  1. The loss must be measurable and accidental in nature Correct answer.
  2. The loss must be intentionally caused by the insured
  3. The loss must be certain to occur for every exposure unit
  4. The loss must be unlimited in potential severity

Explanation

Insurable risks are typically pure risks, meaning they involve only chance of loss and not chance of gain, and the loss must be definable and measurable. Speculative risks, which offer the possibility of gain, are generally not insured.

Question 5Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

What is the primary function of an insurance premium?

  1. To fund the pool from which covered losses and expenses are paid Correct answer.
  2. To pay the agent's commission only, with losses paid from reserves
  3. To guarantee the insured a profit at the end of each policy term
  4. To serve as a refundable deposit returned at policy expiration

Explanation

Premiums collected from many policyholders create the fund from which covered claims, operating expenses, and reserves are paid. The premium is the price of transferring risk, not a refundable deposit.

Question 6Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which type of incorporated insurer is owned by its policyholders rather than by shareholders?

  1. Stock insurer
  2. Mutual insurer Correct answer.
  3. Reciprocal exchange
  4. Lloyd's association

Explanation

A mutual insurer is an incorporated company owned by its policyholders. A stock insurer is owned by shareholders. A reciprocal exchange can also be policyholder-owned, but it is an unincorporated subscriber association and therefore does not meet the stem's corporate-form requirement.

Question 7Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which document summarizes the essential terms of an insurance contract and is attached to the policy to modify or add coverage?

  1. Certificate of authority
  2. Binder
  3. Warranty
  4. Endorsement Correct answer.

Explanation

An endorsement (also called a rider) is a written amendment attached to and forming part of the policy that changes, adds, or removes coverage. A binder is temporary evidence of coverage, not a permanent modification.

Question 8Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An applicant for life insurance fails to disclose a serious heart condition on the application. The insurer later discovers the omission. Which concept most directly supports the insurer's ability to contest the policy?

  1. Estoppel
  2. Concealment Correct answer.
  3. Representation
  4. Adhesion

Explanation

Concealment is the intentional withholding of material information that the insurer needs to evaluate the risk. A material omission like an undisclosed heart condition can give the insurer grounds to rescind or contest the contract.

Question 9Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured owns a building with an actual cash value of 200,000 and a replacement cost of 260,000. A covered partial loss causes 40,000 of damage. Under indemnity, what is the most the insured can recover for the loss itself?

  1. 60,000
  2. 200,000
  3. 40,000 Correct answer.
  4. 260,000

Explanation

Indemnity limits recovery to the amount of the actual loss, so the insured can recover no more than the 40,000 of damage, subject to policy limits and deductibles. Actual cash value and replacement cost set the ceiling for a total loss, not a floor above the loss amount.

Question 10Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which of the following best describes the concept of adverse selection in insurance?

  1. The insurer's practice of selecting only the most profitable agents
  2. The tendency of higher-risk individuals to seek or retain insurance more than lower-risk individuals Correct answer.
  3. The process of spreading risk among many policyholders
  4. The requirement that all policies contain identical terms

Explanation

Adverse selection occurs when those at greater risk are more likely to buy or keep coverage, which can skew the risk pool and raise costs. Insurers counter it through underwriting, exclusions, and waiting periods.

Question 11Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

A policy provision states that if the insured has other insurance covering the same loss, each insurer pays only its proportionate share. Which type of clause is this?

  1. Incontestability clause
  2. Coinsurance clause
  3. Waiver of premium clause
  4. Other insurance (pro rata) clause Correct answer.

Explanation

An other insurance clause addresses overlapping coverage and typically provides that each insurer pays a proportional share to avoid double recovery. This supports the indemnity principle across multiple policies.

Question 12Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which element is required for a valid insurance contract to be legally enforceable?

  1. A court order approving the policy
  2. Offer, acceptance, consideration, and legal purpose Correct answer.
  3. A notarized signature and a witness
  4. A minimum of two named beneficiaries

Explanation

Like other contracts, an insurance contract requires offer and acceptance, consideration (the premium and the promise to pay claims), and a lawful purpose, along with competent parties. Notarization or court approval is not a general requirement.

Question 13Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured misstates her age on a life insurance application, resulting in a lower premium than she should have paid. When the error is discovered, what is the typical remedy under the misstatement of age provision?

  1. The policy is voided and all premiums are forfeited
  2. The benefit is adjusted to what the premium paid would have purchased at the correct age Correct answer.
  3. The insured must submit to a new medical examination to reinstate
  4. The insurer pays the full face amount with no adjustment

Explanation

The misstatement of age provision adjusts the death benefit to the amount the premium actually paid would have bought at the insured's correct age. This restores equity without voiding the contract.

Question 14Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which term describes the insurer's right to refuse to renew a policy or to cancel it for reasons permitted by the contract and state law?

  1. Assignment
  2. Nonrenewal Correct answer.
  3. Reinstatement
  4. Subrogation

Explanation

Nonrenewal is the insurer's decision not to continue a policy at the end of its term, subject to notice requirements and state law. It is distinct from cancellation, which ends coverage mid-term.

Question 15Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

A person applies for homeowners insurance and the insurer issues a binder while the full policy is being prepared. What is the effect of the binder?

  1. It permanently replaces the policy and cannot be modified
  2. It provides temporary evidence of coverage until the policy is issued Correct answer.
  3. It is a nonbinding quote with no coverage in force
  4. It transfers ownership of the property to the insurer

Explanation

A binder is temporary evidence that coverage is in force while the formal policy is being issued. It is subject to the terms of the eventual policy and can be limited in time or scope.

Question 16Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which principle holds that both the insurer and the insured must deal honestly and disclose all material facts relevant to the risk?

  1. Indemnity
  2. Contribution
  3. Utmost good faith Correct answer.
  4. Proximate cause

Explanation

Utmost good faith (uberrimae fidei) requires both parties to act honestly and disclose material information because the insurer relies heavily on the applicant's representations. It underpins representations, warranties, and concealment rules.

Question 17Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured carries a property policy with an 80% coinsurance requirement on a building valued at 500,000. The insured carries only 300,000 of coverage and suffers a 100,000 covered loss. Ignoring deductibles, what is the recovery?

  1. 100,000
  2. 75,000 Correct answer.
  3. 60,000
  4. 80,000

Explanation

The coinsurance formula is (insurance carried divided by insurance required) times the loss. Required insurance is 80% of 500,000, or 400,000, so the recovery is (300,000 / 400,000) times 100,000, which equals 75,000.

Question 18Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which of the following best explains why insurance is described as a contract of adhesion?

  1. The insurer drafts the policy terms and the applicant accepts or rejects them as written Correct answer.
  2. The contract is unenforceable unless reviewed by a court
  3. The insured drafts the policy and the insurer must accept it
  4. Both parties negotiate each clause equally before signing

Explanation

A contract of adhesion is prepared by one party, here the insurer, and offered to the other on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. Because of this imbalance, courts generally interpret ambiguities against the drafter.

Question 19Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured's warehouse is damaged when a windstorm knocks down a wall, which then crushes inventory. Which doctrine identifies the windstorm as the cause for which the insurer must respond?

  1. Concurrent causation
  2. Proximate cause Correct answer.
  3. Assumption of risk
  4. Contributory negligence

Explanation

Proximate cause is the dominant, efficient cause that sets the loss in motion without which the loss would not have occurred. If windstorm is a covered peril, damage flowing from it is generally covered even through an intervening physical event.

Question 20Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured holds two property policies covering the same loss. Policy A has a 100,000 limit and Policy B has a 300,000 limit, and both contain pro rata other insurance clauses. For a covered 40,000 loss, how much does Policy A pay?

  1. 30,000
  2. 40,000
  3. 10,000 Correct answer.
  4. 20,000

Explanation

Under pro rata sharing by limits, each insurer pays its limit divided by the total limits. Policy A's share is 100,000 divided by 400,000, or 25%, of the 40,000 loss, which equals 10,000.

Question 21Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which statement accurately describes the difference between a representation and a warranty in an insurance contract?

  1. A representation applies only to life insurance, while a warranty applies only to property insurance
  2. A representation voids the policy automatically, while a warranty never affects coverage
  3. A representation is a statement believed true to the best of the applicant's knowledge, while a warranty is a statement the insured guarantees is true Correct answer.
  4. A representation is always written, while a warranty is always oral

Explanation

A representation is an applicant's statement made to the best of their knowledge, while a warranty is a promise or guarantee that a fact is exactly true. Breach of warranty can affect coverage more severely than a misrepresentation.

Question 22Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which of the following is an example of a hazard rather than a peril?

  1. A fire that damages a building
  2. A flood that inundates a basement
  3. A lightning strike that ignites a roof
  4. An oily rag stored next to a furnace Correct answer.

Explanation

A hazard is a condition that increases the chance or severity of a loss, such as an oily rag stored near a heat source. A peril is the actual cause of loss, such as fire, lightning, or flood.

Question 23Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

Which concept describes the reduction or elimination of risk by combining a large number of similar exposure units?

  1. Moral hazard
  2. Pooling of risks Correct answer.
  3. Speculation
  4. Retention

Explanation

Pooling combines many similar independent exposures so that actual losses approach the predictable expected level, which is the statistical basis of insurance. The law of large numbers makes the pool's results more stable as it grows.

Question 24Insurance Fundamentals and Principles of Insurance

An insured intentionally burns down a building to collect insurance proceeds. Which concept most directly explains why the insurer may deny the claim?

  1. Coinsurance
  2. Moral hazard Correct answer.
  3. Physical hazard
  4. Adverse selection

Explanation

Moral hazard arises from a person's dishonest tendencies or character that increase the likelihood of intentional loss, such as arson for profit. Insurers address moral hazard through underwriting, exclusions, and claim investigation.

Question 25Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の成立に必要な「保険事故」の定義として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険者が保険金を支払う原因となる、将来発生する不確実な偶然の事故 Correct answer.
  2. 保険者が任意に決定できる事実上の事故
  3. 契約締結時にすでに確定している過去の事故
  4. 保険契約者が保険料を支払わなければ必ず発生する事故

Explanation

保険事故とは、保険者が保険金を支払う原因となる偶然な事故であり、発生が不確実であることが保険制度の前提となる。すでに確定した事故や必然的に発生する事象は保険事故として扱われない。

Question 26Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約における「告知義務」を負うのは誰か。

  1. 保険会社の査定担当者のみ
  2. 保険者および保険代理店
  3. 保険金受取人のみ
  4. 保険契約者および被保険者 Correct answer.

Explanation

告知義務は、保険契約の締結時に保険者が危険を測定するために重要事項を質問した場合、保険契約者および被保険者が事実を告げる義務である。保険者側が負うものではない。

Question 27Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険法上の「告知義務違反」により保険者が契約を解除できる場合の要件として正しいものはどれか。

  1. 保険事故が発生した後に契約者が初めて事実を申告したとき
  2. 契約者が軽微な過失で質問に答えなかったとき
  3. 契約者が故意または重大な過失により重要事項を告げなかったか、不実を告げたとき Correct answer.
  4. 保険者が質問を一切しなかったとき

Explanation

告知義務違反による解除には、故意または重大な過失により重要事項について事実を告げず、または不実を告げたことが必要である。軽過失だけでは解除の根拠とならない。

Question 28Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約における「保険利益」の説明として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険事故の発生により被保険者が被る損害を填補する必要がある法律上の利害関係 Correct answer.
  2. 保険金受取人が指定されることで生じる期待利益
  3. 保険者が契約者から受け取る保険料の総額
  4. 保険契約の締結時に支払われる手数料

Explanation

保険利益とは、保険事故が発生した場合に被保険者が損害を受ける関係、すなわち保険の目的物について有する経済的・法律上の利害関係をいう。損害保険では特に重要な概念となる。

Question 29Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

生命保険契約において、保険金受取人を指定する権限を有するのは原則として誰か。

  1. 被保険者の法定相続人のみ
  2. 保険会社の担当者
  3. 保険契約者 Correct answer.
  4. 保険金請求を行う代理人

Explanation

生命保険契約では、保険契約者が保険金受取人を指定する権限を有する。ただし被保険者の同意など、一定の制約が課される場合がある。

Question 30Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

第三者のためにする生命保険契約において、被保険者の同意が必要とされる理由として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 受取人の相続税を回避するため
  2. 保険会社の事務負担を軽減するため
  3. 他人を被保険者とすることで生命・身体に対する危険を防止するため Correct answer.
  4. 保険料を確実に徴収するため

Explanation

他人を被保険者とする生命保険契約では、被保険者の同意を要することで、被保険者の生命・身体に対する危険を防止し、保険契約が賭博化することを防ぐ。

Question 31Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の「告知義務」に関する質問応答義務の原則として正しいものはどれか。

  1. 告知は口頭では無効であり書面に限られる
  2. 契約者は一切の事項を告知する必要がない
  3. 保険者が質問した事項についてのみ告知すれば足りる Correct answer.
  4. 契約者は保険者が質問しなくても重要事項をすべて自発的に開示しなければならない

Explanation

告知義務は質問応答義務とされ、保険者が質問した事項について事実を告げれば足りる。保険者が質問しなかった事項について自発的に開示する義務までは負わない。

Question 32Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約者が保険料の支払を怠った場合、保険者が契約を解除するために通常必要とされる手続はどれか。

  1. 保険事故が発生するまで解除できない
  2. 催告なしに直ちに解除する
  3. 被保険者の同意を得て初めて解除できる
  4. 相当の期間を定めた催告を行い、その期間内に支払がないときに解除する Correct answer.

Explanation

保険料の不払いによる解除には、通常、相当の期間を定めた催告が必要であり、期間内に支払がない場合に解除できる。催告を欠いた解除は効力を生じない。

Question 33Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約における「免責事由」の説明として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険契約を締結する際の手続上の要件
  2. 保険事故が発生しても保険者が保険金を支払わないとされる事由 Correct answer.
  3. 保険金受取人を変更するための要件
  4. 保険料の算定に用いる統計上の基礎

Explanation

免責事由とは、保険事故が発生した場合であっても保険者が保険金支払責任を負わないとされる事由をいう。約款や法令に定められる。

Question 34Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約者と被保険者が異なる場合、保険契約上の権利義務の主体について正しい説明はどれか。

  1. 被保険者がすべての契約上の義務を負う
  2. 保険者が契約者と被保険者の双方の義務を負う
  3. 保険契約者が契約上の権利義務を負い、被保険者は保険事故の対象となる者である Correct answer.
  4. 保険金受取人が契約上の義務を負う

Explanation

保険契約者は保険料支払義務など契約上の権利義務の主体であり、被保険者は保険事故の対象となる者である。両者が異なる場合、その区別が重要となる。

Question 35Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の「約款」の法的性質について最も適切な説明はどれか。

  1. 保険会社の内部規則であり、契約者を拘束しない
  2. 保険契約の内容を補充する定型的な契約条項であり、契約の一部を構成する Correct answer.
  3. 行政機関が定める法律そのものである
  4. 保険募集人の営業上の指針にすぎない

Explanation

約款は保険契約の内容を補充・具体化する定型的な契約条項であり、契約の一部を構成して当事者を拘束する。契約者に不利な条項には一定の制約がある。

Question 36Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約締結時に、保険契約者が重要な事項について故意に不実を告げた場合、保険者が取り得る措置として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 告知義務違反を理由として保険料を返還する義務を負う
  2. 告知義務違反を理由として契約を解除できる Correct answer.
  3. 告知義務違反を理由として契約を無効にできる
  4. 告知義務違反を理由として被保険者を変更できる

Explanation

故意または重大な過失による告知義務違反がある場合、保険者は契約を解除することができる。無効や被保険者の変更は、告知義務違反に対する法定の効果ではない。

Question 37Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の「クーリング・オフ」制度の趣旨として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 契約者が契約締結後に一定期間内であれば無条件で契約を撤回できるようにする Correct answer.
  2. 保険金の支払を遅延させる制度
  3. 保険者が契約を一方的に解除できるようにする
  4. 保険料を割り引く制度

Explanation

クーリング・オフは、契約者が契約締結後に一定期間内であれば無条件で契約を撤回できる制度であり、契約者の保護を目的とする。保険者側の解除権とは異なる。

Question 38Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約における「保険期間」の説明として正しいものはどれか。

  1. 保険料を支払うべき期間に限られる
  2. 保険者が保険責任を負う期間 Correct answer.
  3. 保険金を請求できる期間に限られる
  4. 保険契約を締結するための準備期間

Explanation

保険期間とは、保険者が保険責任を負う期間をいい、この期間内に発生した保険事故について保険金支払義務が生じる。保険料支払期間や請求期間とは区別される。

Question 39Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険事故が保険期間の開始前に発生していたことが契約締結後に判明した場合の取扱いとして、最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険者は保険料を二倍に増額できる
  2. 保険契約は原則として効力を生じない Correct answer.
  3. 契約者は被保険者を自由に変更できる
  4. 保険事故が発生した以上、保険者は必ず保険金を支払う

Explanation

保険期間開始前に保険事故がすでに発生していた場合、保険の目的である偶然性を欠くため、契約は原則として効力を生じない。危険の不存在は契約の効力に影響する。

Question 40Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約者が保険事故の発生を故意に招いた場合の保険者の責任について、最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険者は契約を更新する義務を負う
  2. 保険者は保険金の全額を支払わなければならない
  3. 保険者は保険金を支払う責任を負わない Correct answer.
  4. 保険者は保険金の半額のみを支払う

Explanation

保険契約者や被保険者が故意に保険事故を発生させた場合、保険者は保険金支払責任を負わない。故意による事故招致は保険制度の趣旨に反するためである。

Question 41Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

損害保険契約における「利得禁止の原則」の説明として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険金受取人が複数いてはならないという原則
  2. 被保険者が保険事故により実際に被った損害額を超えて保険金を受け取れないという原則 Correct answer.
  3. 保険契約者が複数の契約を締結できないという原則
  4. 保険者が保険料収入を超える利益を得てはならないという原則

Explanation

利得禁止の原則とは、損害保険において被保険者が実際の損害額を超える保険金を得て利益を得てはならないという原則である。保険金は損害の填補を目的とする。

Question 42Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

同一の保険の目的について複数の損害保険契約が存在する「重複保険」の場合、各保険者の支払責任について最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 各保険者は保険金額の割合に応じて按分して支払う Correct answer.
  2. 最初に契約した保険者のみが全額を支払う
  3. 最後に契約した保険者のみが全額を支払う
  4. いずれの保険者も支払責任を負わない

Explanation

重複保険の場合、各保険者は保険金額の割合に応じて按分して保険金を支払うのが原則である。これにより利得禁止の原則が確保される。

Question 43Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約者が保険契約を解除した場合、すでに支払った保険料の取扱いについて最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険料は被保険者に返還される
  2. 保険料は全額保険者の収入となる
  3. 支払済みの保険料は一切返還されない
  4. 未経過期間に対応する保険料は契約者に返還される Correct answer.

Explanation

保険契約が解除された場合、未経過期間に対応する保険料は契約者に返還されるのが原則である。すでに経過した期間に対応する部分は返還されない。

Question 44Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の締結時に保険者が交付する「保険証券」の説明として最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険金の支払を保証する小切手
  2. 保険契約者を保護するための行政文書
  3. 保険契約の内容を証明する書面であり、契約の成立自体を左右するものではない Correct answer.
  4. 保険契約が成立するために必ず交付しなければならない書面

Explanation

保険証券は保険契約の内容を証明する書面であり、その交付の有無が契約の成立を左右するものではない。契約は当事者の合意により成立する。

Question 45Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約者が保険契約を締結する際、保険募集人から重要事項の説明を受ける権利について最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 説明は契約締結後に初めて行えば足りる
  2. 契約者は説明を受ける必要がなく、募集人も説明義務を負わない
  3. 契約者は契約内容の重要事項について説明を受けることができ、募集人は適切に説明する義務を負う Correct answer.
  4. 説明義務は保険会社の経理部門のみが負う

Explanation

保険募集人は、契約者が契約内容を理解できるよう重要事項について適切に説明する義務を負う。契約者は説明を受ける立場にあり、契約締結前の説明が求められる。

Question 46Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の「錯誤」により契約内容に重大な誤解があった場合の法的取扱いとして、最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 錯誤があっても契約は常に有効であり、救済されない
  2. 錯誤は保険者だけが主張できる
  3. 要素の錯誤があれば契約の無効を主張できる場合がある Correct answer.
  4. 錯誤は保険金受取人だけが主張できる

Explanation

保険契約においても、契約の要素について錯誤があり、それが重要なものであれば契約の無効を主張できる場合がある。錯誤の主張は当事者双方に認められる。

Question 47Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約における「条件」と「期限」の区別について、最も適切な説明はどれか。

  1. 保険事故の発生は不確実な事実であり、条件として扱われる Correct answer.
  2. 保険期間の満了は不確実な事実であり、条件として扱われる
  3. 保険契約の締結は将来の不確実な事実であり、条件として扱われる
  4. 保険料の支払は必ず不確実であり、条件として扱われる

Explanation

保険事故の発生は将来において不確実な事実であるため、保険契約における条件として扱われる。これに対し、保険期間の満了のように必ず到来する事実は期限である。

Question 48Insurance Contract Law and the Contract of Insurance

保険契約の当事者が、保険事故の発生後に保険者に対して負う「損害防止義務」の内容として、保険法上最も適切なものはどれか。

  1. 保険事故の発生を防止するため、契約締結時にあらかじめ保険者が指定した工事を完了しなければならない。
  2. 保険事故が発生した場合、保険金請求の意思にかかわらず、直ちに裁判所へ損害額の確定を申し立てなければならない。
  3. 保険事故が発生したことを知った後は、損害の発生および拡大の防止に努めなければならない。 Correct answer.
  4. 保険事故の発生後は、保険者が調査を終えるまで保険の目的を一切移動させてはならない。

Explanation

保険法は、保険契約者または被保険者が保険事故の発生を知ったときは、損害の発生および拡大の防止に努めるべき義務を負うと定めている。これは保険事故後の損害拡大を防ぎ、保険者と被保険者の双方の利益を守るための義務であり、違反した場合は保険者が損害額の減額を請求できることがある。契約締結時の事前工事や裁判所への申立ては、この義務の内容ではない。

Question 49Insurance Regulatory Framework and Supervision

Under the Financial Regulatory Commission's licensing framework for insurance intermediaries, which activity requires an insurance agent licence?

  1. Selling insurance products on behalf of an insurer for commission Correct answer.
  2. Adjusting claims as an employee of an insurer
  3. Underwriting risks as an employee of an insurer
  4. Acting as an in-house legal adviser to a broker

Explanation

An insurance agent licence is required when a person solicits, negotiates, or sells insurance contracts on behalf of one or more insurers in return for commission or other remuneration. Employees of an insurer who underwrite or adjust claims act for their employer rather than as intermediaries. The licence attaches to the intermediary activity, not to every insurance-related job.

Question 50Insurance Regulatory Framework and Supervision

A candidate applies for an insurance agent licence but has an unresolved criminal conviction for fraud. How should the Financial Regulatory Commission treat this under its fit-and-proper requirements?

  1. Delegate the decision entirely to the prospective insurer
  2. Refuse the licence only if the applicant is currently imprisoned
  3. Assess the conviction as relevant to honesty and integrity before deciding Correct answer.
  4. Grant the licence automatically because convictions expire after five years

Explanation

Fit-and-proper assessment weighs criminal history, especially offences involving dishonesty, against the duties the licensee will perform. A fraud conviction bears directly on the integrity expected of an agent handling client money and advice. The regulator evaluates the circumstances rather than applying an automatic bar or ignoring the record.