Mongolia Pharmacy Technician Licensing Exam flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Pharmacist-in-charge requirement

The person legally responsible for a pharmacy's operations, who must hold a recognized pharmacy diploma and a valid professional license, and is accountable for compliance and dispensing standards.

Prescription-only medicine

A medicine that may be dispensed only against a valid prescription from an authorized prescriber, as opposed to over-the-counter products approved for sale without prescription.

Narcotic record-keeping

Narcotic and psychotropic medicines require separate secure storage, restricted access, and a running balance record reconciled regularly, with dispensing limited to specially authorized prescriptions.

Enteric-coated tablet

A tablet with a coating that resists gastric acid and dissolves in the intestine, protecting the drug from stomach acid or protecting the stomach from an irritant drug.

International nonproprietary name

The globally recognized generic name assigned to an active substance, distinct from manufacturer brand names; the same INN may be sold under many different trade names.

Suspension never given IV

A liquid preparation of undissolved particles dispersed in a vehicle; it must not be injected intravenously because particles can obstruct blood vessels and cause embolism.

Percentage w/v concentration

Grams of solute per 100 milliliters of preparation; for example, 5% w/v contains 5 g in 100 mL, equal to 50 mg per mL.

Dilution equation

C1 × V1 = C2 × V2, where C is concentration and V is volume; used to calculate how much stock solution and diluent are needed to prepare a weaker solution.

IV drip rate formula

Drops per minute equals (volume in mL × drop factor in gtt/mL) divided by infusion time in minutes; used to set gravity infusion rates accurately.

Milliequivalent calculation

mEq equals (milligrams × valence) divided by molecular or atomic weight; used to calculate electrolyte doses such as sodium, potassium, and calcium replacement.

Prescription screening

The pharmacist's check of a prescription for allergies, interactions, contraindications, duplicate therapy, and dose appropriateness before dispensing, contacting the prescriber if problems arise.

Five rights of dispensing

Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time; a final verification checklist performed before the medicine is handed to the patient.

Prescription label content

Required label information includes patient name, drug name and strength, directions for use, quantity, storage instructions, expiry date, and pharmacy identification.

Cold chain storage

Continuous storage of vaccines and insulin at 2–8 °C with temperature monitoring; excursions must be assessed for product viability before the medicine is used.

FEFO stock rotation

First-expired, first-out: stock is arranged and dispensed so that products with the earliest expiry date leave the pharmacy first, reducing waste from expiration.

Beyond-use date

The date after which a compounded or reconstituted preparation must not be used, calculated from the preparation date based on stability data and storage conditions.

Drug half-life

The time required for plasma concentration to fall by half; steady state is generally reached after about four to five half-lives of regular dosing.

First-pass metabolism

Hepatic metabolism of an orally absorbed drug before it reaches systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability; sublingual and parenteral routes bypass this effect.

Competitive antagonist

A drug that binds reversibly to a receptor without activating it, blocking the agonist; its effect can be overcome by increasing the agonist concentration.

Warfarin monitoring

Warfarin inhibits vitamin K–dependent clotting factors; its effect is monitored by INR, and interactions with antibiotics, NSAIDs, and vitamin K–rich foods alter bleeding risk.

Teach-back method

A counseling technique in which the patient explains in their own words how they will take the medicine, allowing the pharmacist to detect and correct misunderstandings.

Inhaler counseling points

Demonstrate shaking, exhaling, actuating during slow inhalation, breath-holding, and rinsing the mouth after corticosteroid inhalers; ask the patient to repeat the technique.

Adherence support

Strategies to help patients take medicines as prescribed, including simplified regimens, linking doses to daily routines, pill organizers, and addressing cost barriers.

Laminar airflow hood

A workbench that directs filtered air across the sterile field to reduce contamination; horizontal flow is used for non-hazardous sterile compounding.

Biological safety cabinet

A Class II ventilated cabinet that protects both the product and the operator, required for preparing hazardous drugs such as cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Compounding record content

Documentation of formula, ingredients with lot numbers, quantities, method, equipment, preparer identity, and beyond-use date for each compounded preparation.

Sharps disposal

Used needles and sharp devices are placed immediately in puncture-resistant, labeled containers and never recapped by hand or discarded in general waste.

Type A adverse reaction

A dose-related, predictable adverse drug reaction explained by the drug's known pharmacology, such as bleeding with anticoagulants or hypoglycemia with insulin.

Serious adverse reaction

An adverse reaction causing death, life-threatening illness, hospitalization, persistent disability, congenital anomaly, or another medically important event requiring reporting.

High-alert medications

Medicines with a heightened risk of serious harm when used in error, such as insulin, heparin, opioids, and concentrated electrolytes; they require double-checks and separated storage.

Herbal-drug interaction

A change in the effect of a conventional medicine caused by an herbal product, such as St John's wort inducing enzymes that reduce oral contraceptive efficacy.

Traditional Mongolian medicine

A system using multi-component preparations of herbal, mineral, and animal origin; patients should be asked specifically about use, and interactions with conventional drugs documented.