MT Barber flashcards
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33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Tuberculocidal disinfectant
- An EPA-registered disinfectant proven to kill the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. It is the benchmark for disinfecting implements contaminated with blood or body fluids in barbershops.
- Sterilization definition
- The complete destruction of all microbial life, including bacterial spores, on an implement. Achieved by autoclave, dry heat, or chemical sterilant, not by ordinary disinfection.
- Standard Precautions
- An infection-control approach treating all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious. Gloves and other barriers are used regardless of a client's known health status.
- Anagen phase
- The active growth phase of the hair cycle, lasting roughly two to seven years. Most scalp hair is in this phase at any given time.
- Telogen phase
- The resting phase of the hair cycle, lasting about three months, ending when the hair sheds. Normal daily shedding is roughly 50 to 100 hairs.
- Hair cuticle
- The outermost layer of the hair shaft, made of overlapping scales that protect the cortex. Chemical damage lifts these scales and increases porosity.
- Tinea capitis
- A contagious fungal infection of the scalp causing scaly patches and hair loss. It is outside barbering scope and the client must be referred to a physician.
- Anionic surfactant
- The strongest cleansing agent in shampoos, carrying a negative charge. It cleans well but can strip color and moisture from dry or damaged hair.
- Cationic conditioner
- A positively charged conditioning agent that bonds to negatively charged damaged hair. It smooths the cuticle, reduces static, and improves combability.
- Hair porosity
- The hair's ability to absorb and retain moisture, governed by cuticle condition. High porosity absorbs quickly and fades fast; low porosity resists penetration.
- Stationary guide
- A section of hair held in place and used as the reference for all cutting. It does not move, producing a solid line or uniform length.
- Traveling guide
- A guide that moves with each cut, taking a small section of previously cut hair as the new reference. It creates blended, graduated lengths.
- Taper versus fade
- A taper gradually shortens hair toward the hairline and neckline while leaving visible length. A fade continues that blend down to skin or near-skin.
- Clipper guard #2
- A clipper attachment that leaves approximately one-quarter inch of hair. Guard numbers increase in eighth-inch increments from #1 through #8.
- Shaving with the grain
- Shaving in the direction the hair grows. It reduces razor burn, irritation, and ingrown hairs compared with shaving against the grain.
- Straight razor angle
- The blade is held at roughly a 30-degree angle to the skin. Skin is stretched taut and short gliding strokes are used with the grain.
- Shaving contraindications
- Conditions where shaving must be avoided: moles, warts, inflamed or broken skin, sunburn, active acne, and recent chemical peels or waxing.
- Beard design by face shape
- Fuller sides balance a long face, while shorter sides slim a round face. Cheek and necklines follow the natural growth pattern for a clean finish.
- Law of color
- Primary colors red, yellow, and blue combine into secondary colors orange, green, and violet. Complementary colors neutralize each other on the color wheel.
- Underlying pigment
- The natural pigment exposed when hair is lightened. It follows the pattern red-orange at levels 1 to 3, orange at 4 to 5, gold at 6 to 7, and yellow at 8 to 10.
- Developer volume
- The strength of hydrogen peroxide used in color services. Ten volume deposits, 20 standard lift, 30 more lift, and 40 maximum lift with greatest damage risk.
- Relaxer neutralization
- The step after a relaxer that lowers pH and rebuilds disulfide bonds. Incomplete neutralization leaves the hair weak and prone to breakage.
- Epidermis
- The outermost, avascular layer of skin. It provides a protective barrier and contains no blood vessels or nerve endings.
- Sebaceous glands
- Skin appendages attached to hair follicles that secrete sebum. Sebum lubricates hair and skin and contributes to oily scalp conditions.
- Hepatitis B
- A bloodborne virus that is the most easily transmitted of the bloodborne pathogens in a shop. It is preventable by vaccination and requires Standard Precautions.
- Contagious skin conditions
- Conditions that must be referred out and not serviced: tinea, impetigo, pediculosis, scabies, herpes simplex, and warts. They spread by contact.
- Scope of practice
- The services a licensee is legally permitted to perform under state law. Performing services outside that scope can result in fines or license action.
- License display rule
- Most states require the individual license to be posted at the work station and the shop license in a visible area. Rules vary by state board.
- Continuing education requirement
- Hours of approved training required to renew a barber license, set by the state board. Renewal cycles are commonly annual or biennial.
- Informed consent
- Explaining a service, its risks, and alternatives, then documenting the client's agreement. Required before chemical or skin services.
- Safety Data Sheet
- A document required by OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard for each chemical product. It lists hazards, safe handling, and first-aid measures.
- Client consultation
- A pre-service interview covering medical history, medications, allergies, and prior chemical services. It identifies contraindications and guides the service plan.
- Refusal and referral
- Declining a service that is unsafe or outside scope of practice, and directing the client to a physician when a condition is outside barbering.