Safety and Occupational Health (OSHA)
What this domain tests
OSHA construction standards, Montana state-plan enforcement, hazard control, and recordkeeping.
Core rules
- Montana operates a State Plan through the Montana Safety and Health Bureau, DLI, covering private and public construction; it adopts 29 CFR 1926.
- Fall protection: 6 ft for general construction (1926.501); guardrails, covers, personal fall arrest; training and inspection.
- Excavation: protective system at 5 ft (1926.652); competent person inspects daily; spoils and equipment at least 2 ft from the edge; ladder or ramp within 25 ft lateral travel; atmospheric testing where hazardous.
- Scaffolds: fall protection at 10 ft; fully planked; competent-person inspection.
- Also: hazard communication, PPE, GFCI/assured grounding, cranes, and silica (1926.1153).
- Recordkeeping: OSHA 300 log within 7 days; fatality within 8 hours; hospitalization, amputation, or eye loss within 24 hours.
Worked example
A 6-ft trench in Type B soil has no protective system. The competent person must slope, bench, shore, or shield per the standard. Because the trench is deeper than 4 ft, a ladder is required for egress and must be within 25 ft of workers. Spoil is set back at least 2 ft. Daily inspection is documented before entry.
Traps
Using the 4-ft egress trigger as the 5-ft protective-system trigger; skipping daily inspections; untrained competent person; assuming the state plan does not apply.