Kukonza mgwirizano wa magulu a mayina m'buku la Sitandade 7
Ku Sukulu ya Msingi ya Chikondi, mphunzitsi wa Chichewa wa Sitandade 7 anagawira ana 34 buku lokonza ziganizo za mgwirizano wa magulu a mayina. Anapatsa ziganizo zisanu ndi zitatu, koma atatu mwa iwo anali ovuta kwambiri. Pa chiganizo choyamba, 'Ana aja idabwera mochedwa ku sukulu,' mabuku 27 anali ndi cholakwika. Pa chachiwiri, 'Madzi aja inathirika pa msewu,' mabuku 22 anali ndi cholakwika. Pa chachitatu, 'Mikono yake adavulala ndi mpeni,' mabuku 19 anali ndi cholakwika. Koma pa chachinayi, 'Chitseko chidatseguka mwadzidzidzi,' mabuku 30 anali olondola, ndipo pa chachisanu, 'Mphunzitsi uyu analankhula mwachifundo,' mabuku 28 anali olondola. Mphunzitsiyo ali ndi mphindi 40 zokha pa Sabata ili, ndipo akuyenera kusankha chengo chimodzi chachikulu m'malo molimbana ndi vuto lililonse paokha.
1. Fotokozani cholakwika cha chiganizo chilichonse cha atatu oyamba, ndipo perekani liwu lolondola pamodzi ndi chifukwa cha gulu la dzina.
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Mgwirizano umatsatira gulu la dzina, osati tanthauzo la mawu.
'Ana' ndi dzina la gulu 2, ndipo mtsogoleri wake ndi 'a-'. Cholondola ndi 'adabwera'. Ana analemba 'idabwera', yomwe ndi mtsogoleri wa gulu 4, 9 kapena 10. Mfundo yoti 'ana' ndi anthu siyithandiza pano; chimene chimafunika ndi gulu la dzina.
'Madzi' ndi gulu 6 (ma-), ndipo mtsogoleri wake ndi 'a-'. Cholondola ndi 'adathirika'. 'Inathirika' imagwiritsa 'i-', yomwe si ya gulu 6.
'Mikono' ndi gulu 4 (mi-), ndipo mtsogoleri wake ndi 'i-'. Cholondola ndi 'inavulala'. Ana analemba 'adavulala', yomwe ndi mtsogoleri wa gulu 2 kapena 6.
Zindikirani kuti pa chiganizo 1 ndi 2 ana analakwitsa chimodzimodzi: anagwiritsa 'i-' pa mayina a gulu 2 ndi 6. Izi zikusonyeza kuti vuto ndi limodzi, osati atatu.
2. Kodi mphambu za pa chiganizo 4 ndi 5 (30 ndi 28 olondola) zikuuza mphunzitsi chiyani? Sankhani chengo chimodzi cha phunziro lotsatira ndipo fotokozani zifukwa ziwiri.
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Zikuuza kuti ana amadziwa mgwirizano wa mayina amene ali m'kalasi mwawo tsiku ndi tsiku, monga 'chitseko' ndi 'mphunzitsi', koma amasokoneza pamene dzina silionekera poyera kuti ndi la gulu lanji.
Chengo choyenera: kuphunzitsa njira yodziwira gulu la dzina, osati kukumbukira malamulo a ziganizo ziwerengero.
Chifukwa choyamba: pa chiganizo 4 ndi 5, ana amapeza moyenera chifukwa mayina amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Pa chiganizo 1 mpaka 3, mayina ndi amodzi omwe amasokoneza, makamaka 'madzi' ndi 'mikono' amene sayenera kutsatira tanthauzo la 'anthu' kapena 'zinthu'.
Chifukwa chachiwiri: mphindi 40 sizikwanira kukonza 34 mabuku paokha. Kuphunzitsa njira imodzi yofunsira mtsogoleri (kuganiza liwu, kuyesa mawu oti 'adabwera', 'inavulala', 'chidatseguka') kumathandiza pa ziganizo zonse, osati pa zitatu zokha.
3. Pangani ndondomeko ya mphindi 10 yoyambira phunziro lotsatira, ndipo fotokozani mmene mungayezere kuti ana amvetsa.
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Ndondomeko:
- Mphindi 0-2: mphunzitsi alemba pa bolodi magulu a mayina asanu (1, 2, 4, 6, 9) ndi mitsogoleri yawo ('a-', 'a-', 'i-', 'a-', 'i-') popanda kufotokoza zambiri.
- Mphindi 2-5: ana amagwiritsa mabokosi a mawu kukonza ziganizo zitatu za m'buku lawo, mmodzi pa bolodi, ena m'magulu a awiri.
- Mphindi 5-8: gulu lililonse limafotokoza chifukwa cha liwu limodzi, ndipo mphunzitsi amakonza zolakwika mwamsanga.
- Mphindi 8-10: mayeso aang'ono a ziganizo zitatu atsopano, osati zomwe anakonza.
Kuyeza kumvetsa: si kufunsa kuti 'mwamvetsa?' koma kupatsa chiganizo chatsopano ndi dzina la gulu losiyana, monga 'Miphika iyi ndi yatsopano' kapena 'Madzi awa ndi ofunda'. Ngati ana 25 pa 34 apeza zolondola pa chiganizo chatsopano, ndiye kuti njira yathandiza; ngati ayankha bwino pa zomwe anakonza kale okha, ndiye kuti akukumbukira basi.