SPM Biology study guide
SPM Biology · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
SPM Biologi is one of the elective science subjects within the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM), the national school-leaving certification for the Peringkat Menengah Atas (upper secondary level) administered by Lembaga Peperiksaan, an agency listed on the official Ministry of Education examination portal. Candidates are typically Form 4 and Form 5 students in the science stream who need Biology for entry into pre-university, matriculation, or diploma pathways in medicine, health sciences, agriculture, biotechnology, and environmental fields. The SPM Biology study guide has 5 sections and about 1,444 words.
01Physiology of Plants: Transport, Photosynthesis and Control
Physiology of Plants examines how vascular plants obtain water and minerals, move assimilates, fix carbon and coordinate growth. SPM questions often combine structure with function: root hair cells, xylem, phloem, stomata and photosynthetic pigments.
313 words, about 2 min02Cell Biology and Organisation: Structure, Membranes and Division
Cell Biology and Organisation tests the relationship between cell structure, specialised function and levels of organisation. Expect organelle identification, comparison of plant, animal and prokaryotic cells, movement across membranes, and mitosis.
287 words, about 1 min03Physiology of Humans and Animals: Exchange, Transport and Homeostasis
Physiology of Humans and Animals tests how organ systems maintain a stable internal environment and exchange materials. High-value topics are digestion and absorption, gas exchange, circulation, excretion, nervous and endocrine coordination, and homeostasis.
279 words, about 1 min04Genetics and Genetic Engineering: DNA, Inheritance and Recombinant Technology
Genetics and Genetic Engineering tests inheritance from DNA to populations and the controlled manipulation of genetic material. Expect DNA structure, protein synthesis, meiosis, monohybrid and sex-linked crosses, mutation, and recombinant DNA technology.
280 words, about 1 min05Ecology and Environmental Sustainability: Energy, Populations and Human Impact
Ecology and Environmental Sustainability tests interactions between organisms and their environment and how human activity alters them. Expect food webs, energy flow, nutrient cycles, population ecology, biodiversity and pollution.
285 words, about 1 min