NE Cosmetology flashcards
NE Cosmetology · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Keratin
- The fibrous protein that makes up the bulk of hair, skin, and nails; its strength comes from disulfide, salt, hydrogen, and peptide bonds that hold the protein chains together.
- Disulfide bond
- The strongest side bond in hair, formed between sulfur atoms of two cysteine amino acids; it is broken by relaxers and permanent waves and rebuilt by neutralizers.
- Anagen phase
- The active growth phase of the hair cycle, lasting roughly two to seven years, during which about ninety percent of scalp hair is growing.
- Cuticle layer
- The outermost overlapping scales of the hair shaft that protect the cortex and control shine, porosity, and moisture retention.
- Hair porosity
- The ability of the cuticle to absorb and retain moisture; low porosity resists absorption while high porosity absorbs and loses moisture quickly.
- Acid mantle
- The slightly acidic film on skin and hair at about pH 4.5 to 5.5 that protects against bacteria and helps maintain moisture balance.
- Elasticity
- The ability of wet hair to stretch and return to its original length; healthy hair stretches about fifty percent of its length before breaking.
- Emulsion product
- A mixture of oil and water held together by an emulsifier; it must be shaken or blended because the two ingredients naturally separate.
- Blunt cut
- A haircut performed with zero-degree elevation and no over-direction, producing a straight, solid perimeter line with weight at the ends.
- Long-layered cut
- A haircut using 180-degree elevation that creates length at the perimeter and shorter, blended layers through the crown for movement.
- Sodium hydroxide relaxer
- A lye-based relaxer with a pH near 12 to 14 that breaks disulfide bonds; it requires a neutralizing shampoo to stop processing and restore pH.
- Ammonium thioglycolate
- The reducing agent in permanent waves and no-lye relaxers that breaks disulfide bonds so hair can be reshaped around a rod.
- Neutralizer
- A solution such as hydrogen peroxide or sodium bromate applied after a perm to rebuild disulfide bonds in their new shape and stop chemical processing.
- Patch test
- A small application of a color or chemical product on skin, usually twenty-four to forty-eight hours before service, to check for allergic reaction.
- Strand test
- A test on a small section of hair before a color or chemical service to verify processing time, resulting color, and the hair's reaction.
- Developer volume
- The strength of hydrogen peroxide used in hair color; ten volume deposits, twenty volume lifts one to two levels, and forty volume lifts three to four levels.
- Nail matrix
- The living tissue at the base of the nail that produces new nail cells; injury to it can cause ridges, grooves, or permanent deformity.
- Eponychium
- The living skin tissue that overlaps and protects the base of the nail plate, commonly called the cuticle during a manicure service.
- Hyponychium
- The seal of skin beneath the free edge of the nail that protects the nail bed from bacteria and debris.
- Paronychia
- A bacterial infection of the tissue around the nail fold, marked by redness, swelling, and pus; it should be referred to a physician rather than serviced.
- Onychomycosis
- A fungal infection of the nail plate that causes thickening, discoloration, and separation; it is contagious and should be referred for medical treatment.
- Effleurage
- A light, gliding facial massage movement that follows lymph flow toward the lymph nodes and is used to begin and end a massage.
- Broad-spectrum SPF 30
- A sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays and is the minimum recommended for facial services to prevent premature aging.
- Nebraska DHHS
- The Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, the agency that licenses cosmetologists, nail technologists, estheticians, and salons under state law.
- Nebraska cosmetology hours
- Nebraska requires 2,100 clock hours of training for a cosmetologist license, 300 hours for nail technology, and 600 hours for esthetics.
- Continuing education requirement
- Nebraska licensees must complete eight hours of continuing education every two-year renewal cycle, including at least two hours of sanitation.
- Hospital-grade disinfectant
- An EPA-registered product that kills a broad range of pathogens on nonporous implements; it is required after cleaning tools between clients.
- Porous implement rule
- Items such as nail files, buffers, and orange wood sticks that cannot be disinfected must be discarded or given to the client after use.
- Blood spill procedure
- Wear gloves, absorb the spill with disposable material, disinfect the surface with a tuberculocidal product, and place waste in a covered lined container.
- Hand washing standard
- Soap and water for at least twenty seconds before and after each client and after glove removal; sanitizer does not replace washing when hands are soiled.
- License display rule
- Nebraska salons must post the establishment license and each practitioner's individual license in a conspicuous place visible to the public.
- OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens
- The federal standard requiring an exposure control plan, offered Hepatitis B vaccination, and personal protective equipment such as gloves and safety glasses.