NEBOSH PSM flashcards
NEBOSH PSM · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Process Safety Management
- A management system focused on preventing catastrophic releases of hazardous chemicals through comprehensive programs covering all aspects of process operations.
- Process Hazard Analysis
- A systematic evaluation of hazards in a process, often using HAZOP, What-If, or FMEA, to identify and mitigate potential catastrophic releases.
- HAZOP
- Hazard and Operability study; a structured brainstorming technique using guide words and process parameters to identify deviations and their causes and consequences.
- LOPA
- Layer of Protection Analysis; a semi-quantitative method to evaluate independent protection layers and determine if risk is reduced to tolerable levels.
- Inherent Safety
- Design principle to eliminate or reduce hazards by minimizing inventories, substituting safer materials, moderating conditions, and simplifying processes.
- Management of Change
- A formal process to assess and approve changes to equipment, procedures, or personnel, ensuring hazards are evaluated and documentation updated.
- Pre-Startup Safety Review
- A safety review conducted before introducing hazardous chemicals to a new or modified process to confirm that safety systems are in place.
- Safety Instrumented System
- A system that uses sensors, logic solvers, and final elements to bring a process to a safe state when predetermined conditions are violated.
- Human Error
- An action or decision that deviates from intended behavior, often categorized as slips, lapses, mistakes, or violations, contributing to incidents.
- Alarm Flood
- A condition where an operator is overwhelmed by more than 10 alarms per 10 minutes, exceeding the capacity to respond effectively.
- Emergency Response Plan
- A documented plan detailing actions, roles, and resources for responding to emergencies such as fires, explosions, or toxic releases.
- Root Cause Analysis
- A method to identify the fundamental reasons for an incident, beyond immediate causes, to prevent recurrence.
- Safety Culture
- The shared values, attitudes, and behaviors of an organization regarding safety, often assessed through surveys and leadership commitment.
- Risk-Based Process Safety
- A framework by CCPS that uses four pillars: commit to process safety, understand hazards, manage risks, and learn from experience.
- ALARP
- As Low As Reasonably Practicable; a risk management principle requiring risk reduction unless the cost is grossly disproportionate to the benefit.
- Fault Tree Analysis
- A deductive technique that starts with a top event and uses Boolean logic to identify combinations of failures that could cause it.
- SIL
- Safety Integrity Level; a measure of the reliability of a safety instrumented function, ranging from SIL 1 to SIL 4.
- Process Safety Information
- Documentation including hazards of materials, process technology, and equipment, essential for hazard analysis and safe operation.
- Competence Assurance
- A system to ensure personnel have the necessary knowledge, skills, and experience to perform tasks safely, including training and assessment.
- Human Reliability Analysis
- A method to quantify the probability of human error in specific tasks, often using techniques like THERP or HEART.
- Incident Investigation
- A systematic process to determine the causes of an incident and recommend corrective actions to prevent recurrence.
- Compliance Audit
- A periodic review to verify that process safety management systems are implemented and effective, required at least every three years under OSHA PSM.
- Leading Indicator
- A proactive measure of process safety performance, such as number of near misses reported or training completion rate.
- Lagging Indicator
- A reactive measure of process safety performance, such as incident rates or number of releases.
- Normalization of Deviance
- A cultural condition where deviations from procedures become accepted over time, increasing risk of catastrophic events.
- Seveso III Directive
- European Union legislation aimed at preventing major accidents involving dangerous substances and limiting their consequences.
- What-If Analysis
- A brainstorming technique where team members pose 'what if' questions to identify potential hazards and consequences in a process.
- FMEA
- Failure Modes and Effects Analysis; a systematic method to evaluate potential failure modes of equipment or systems and their effects.
- Pressure Relief Valve
- An engineering control that automatically releases pressure to prevent equipment failure, designed per codes like API 520/521.
- Three-Way Communication
- A communication protocol where the sender states a message, the receiver repeats it, and the sender confirms, reducing misunderstandings.
- Tabletop Exercise
- A discussion-based emergency response drill where participants simulate actions in response to a scenario to test plans and roles.
- Key Performance Indicator
- A metric used to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of process safety management systems, including leading and lagging measures.