FFS Recruitment CBT cheat sheet

A synonym has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word; an antonym has the opposite meaning.

A singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb; words placed between them do not change the agreement.

Active voice: the subject performs the action. Passive voice: the subject receives the action.

Between is used for two items; among is used for three or more.

Common negation prefixes: un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, dis-, non-, anti-.

The main idea of a passage is usually stated in the topic sentence, often the first or last sentence of a paragraph.

An inference is an unstated conclusion drawn from evidence; an assumption is an unstated premise the argument depends on.

Analogy relationships include synonym, antonym, part-to-whole, cause-to-effect, function, and category-to-member.

Percentage change = ((new value − old value) ÷ old value) × 100.

Mean = sum of values ÷ number of values; median = middle value when ordered; mode = most frequent value.

Speed = distance ÷ time; distance = speed × time; time = distance ÷ speed.

Simple interest = (P × R × T) ÷ 100, where R is the annual rate expressed in percent.

Compound amount A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt); compound interest = A − P.

For any two numbers, HCF × LCM = the product of the two numbers.

Combined work rate: 1/T = 1/a + 1/b, where a and b are the separate times needed to finish the job.

Area: triangle = ½ × base × height; rectangle = length × width; circle = πr²; circumference = 2πr.

Probability of an event = number of favourable outcomes ÷ total number of equally likely outcomes.

Nigeria comprises 36 states plus the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

Nigeria gained independence on 1 October 1960 and became a republic in 1963.

The three arms of government are the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary.

Nigeria's National Assembly consists of 109 senators and 360 members of the House of Representatives.

The United Nations was founded in 1945, is headquartered in New York, and has 193 member states.

ECOWAS was founded in 1975 and has its headquarters in Abuja, Nigeria.

The African Union is headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals were adopted in 2015 with a target date of 2030.

The fire triangle is heat, fuel, and oxygen; the fire tetrahedron adds the chemical chain reaction.

Fire classes: A - solid combustibles (wood, paper, cloth); B - flammable liquids; C - flammable gases; D - combustible metals; F/K - cooking oils and fats.

Water must not be used on electrical fires or on fires involving flammable liquids.

CO₂ extinguishers suit electrical and flammable-liquid fires and leave no residue.

Foam extinguishers smother the fuel surface and are used on class A and class B fires.

PASS: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side.

RACE: Rescue anyone in danger, Raise the alarm, Contain the fire, Extinguish or Evacuate.

Flash point is the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapour to ignite momentarily; fire point is the temperature at which it ignites and continues burning.

Smoke inhalation, not burns, is the leading cause of death in fires; stop, drop, and roll is used to smother burning clothing.

Newton's laws: (1) inertia, (2) F = ma, (3) every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Ohm's law: V = IR; electrical power P = VI = I²R.

Speed of light in vacuum ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s; acceleration due to gravity ≈ 9.8 m/s².

Density = mass ÷ volume; relative density compares a substance with water.

At standard atmospheric pressure water boils at 100 °C and freezes at 0 °C.

pH below 7 is acidic, 7 is neutral, above 7 is alkaline; litmus turns red in acid and blue in base.

Photosynthesis: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂, occurring in chloroplasts.

An atom has protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in shells; atomic number = number of protons.

The adult human body has 206 bones and the heart has four chambers.

1 byte = 8 bits; 1 KB = 1024 bytes; 1 MB = 1024 KB; 1 GB = 1024 MB.

RAM is volatile working memory; ROM is non-volatile and holds firmware such as the BIOS.

The CPU contains an arithmetic logic unit, a control unit, and registers, and executes program instructions.

Input devices: keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone. Output devices: monitor, printer, speaker.

A LAN covers a small area such as one building; a WAN spans cities or countries, for example the internet.

Shortcuts: Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+X cut, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+S save, Ctrl+P print.

Malware types: virus, worm, trojan, spyware, ransomware, adware.

Phishing is a social-engineering attack using fake messages to steal credentials; HTTPS encrypts web traffic.

The conditional 'if A then B' is logically equivalent to its contrapositive 'if not B then not A'.

The converse ('if B then A') and the inverse ('if not A then not B') are not equivalent to the original statement.

In a valid syllogism, if both premises are true the conclusion must be true.

Number series: test constant differences, constant ratios, alternating sequences, and square or cube patterns.

Odd-one-out items: identify the property shared by all items except one.

Coding–decoding: check letter shifts (e.g., +1, +2), reversal, or alphabet positions (A = 1 … Z = 26).

Direction sense: sketch the path; two successive right turns equal a 180° reversal of direction.

Blood relations: draw a family tree using symbols for male, female, marriage, and offspring.

Mirror image reverses left and right; water image reverses top and bottom.

The Constitution is supreme; any law inconsistent with it is void to the extent of the inconsistency.

Separation of powers assigns law-making to the legislature, execution to the executive, and adjudication to the judiciary.

Checks and balances allow each arm to limit the others, for example judicial review of legislation.

Chapter IV of the 1999 Nigerian Constitution guarantees fundamental rights including life, dignity, fair hearing, and freedom of expression.

Public service values include integrity, accountability, transparency, impartiality, and service to the public interest.

A conflict of interest arises when private interest could improperly influence official duty and must be declared and avoided.

The Code of Conduct Bureau and Tribunal enforce asset declaration and conduct rules for public officers.

Anti-corruption agencies in Nigeria include the EFCC and the ICPC.

Civic duties include obeying the law, paying taxes, respecting the rights of others, and participating in elections.

A synonym has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word; an antonym has the opposite meaning.

A singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb; words placed between them do not change the agreement.

Active voice: the subject performs the action. Passive voice: the subject receives the action.

Between is used for two items; among is used for three or more.

Common negation prefixes: un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, dis-, non-, anti-.

The main idea of a passage is usually stated in the topic sentence, often the first or last sentence of a paragraph.

An inference is an unstated conclusion drawn from evidence; an assumption is an unstated premise the argument depends on.

Analogy relationships include synonym, antonym, part-to-whole, cause-to-effect, function, and category-to-member.