NABTEB Cosmetology flashcards
NABTEB Cosmetology · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Disinfection
- A process that destroys most pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate surfaces, but not necessarily bacterial spores, using a chemical agent for a specified contact time.
- Sterilisation
- A process that destroys all microorganisms including bacterial spores, typically by autoclave at 121 degrees Celsius and 15 psi for 15 to 20 minutes.
- Porous versus non-porous
- Non-porous hard items such as metal tools can be cleaned and disinfected; porous items such as towels and emery boards cannot be reliably disinfected and must be single-use.
- Bloodborne pathogens
- Microorganisms such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV that are transmitted through contact with infected blood or body fluids and are a key salon hazard.
- Clipper blade numbers
- The higher the blade or guard number, the longer the hair left; a number one blade leaves one eighth of an inch, a number four leaves half an inch.
- Thinning shears
- Shears with one cutting blade and one comb blade that remove a proportion of hair in a section, roughly 25 to 50 percent depending on tooth count.
- Convex-edge shears
- Shears with a curved, hollow-ground edge used for slide cutting and soft blends; bevel-edge shears are used for blunt cutting.
- Clipper blade care
- Brush out hair, oil the blade before and after use, and avoid water or disinfectant immersion on carbon-steel blades because they rust.
- Hair structure
- Hair has three layers: the cuticle, overlapping protective scales; the cortex, containing melanin and moisture; and the medulla, a central core often absent in fine hair.
- Disulfide bond
- A strong chemical bond between cysteine amino acids in the hair cortex; it is broken by relaxers and perms and reformed in the new shape.
- Developer volumes
- Hydrogen peroxide strength expressed as volume: 10 volume is 3 percent, 20 volume is 6 percent, 30 volume is 9 percent, and 40 volume is 12 percent.
- Complementary colours
- Colours opposite each other on the colour wheel that neutralise one another: yellow cancels violet, blue cancels orange, and red cancels green.
- Fade families
- Barbering terms for where the fade begins: low at the ear and nape, mid at the temple, high above the parietal ridge, and bald at the skin.
- Clipper-over-comb
- A barbering technique in which the comb lifts and holds the hair while the clipper cuts against the comb teeth to blend short into longer lengths.
- Straight-razor angle
- The razor blade is held at roughly 30 degrees to the skin; stretched skin gives a closer shave, and stropping realigns the edge before use.
- Hot towel preparation
- A warm wet towel applied for three to five minutes before shaving; it hydrates and softens the beard and relaxes the piloerector muscles.
- Nail plate composition
- The nail plate is about 80 percent keratin and 15 to 20 percent water, is 0.3 to 0.5 millimetres thick, and grows about 3 millimetres monthly.
- Lunula
- The whitish half-moon visible at the base of the nail plate; it is the visible part of the matrix where the nail is formed.
- Onycholysis
- Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, often caused by trauma, harsh chemicals, or fungal infection; it is referred rather than treated in the salon.
- Gel polish curing
- Gel polish sets when photoinitiators react to the lamp wavelength; UV lamps take two to three minutes and LED lamps 30 to 60 seconds.
- Fitzpatrick scale
- A six-level classification of skin response to ultraviolet light, from type one, which always burns, to type six, which rarely burns.
- Colour correction make-up
- Green neutralises redness, peach or orange cancels blue-grey, yellow cancels purple, and lavender cancels sallow yellow tones before foundation.
- Facial massage movements
- Effleurage is gliding, petrissage is kneading, tapotement is tapping, and friction and vibration are also used, all working upward and outward.
- Salicylic acid
- A lipid-soluble beta hydroxy acid used to exfoliate oily and acne-prone skin; it penetrates pores better than water-soluble alpha hydroxy acids.
- Hair growth cycle
- Anagen is the growing phase of two to seven years, catagen is a two to three week transition, and telogen is a resting phase of about three months.
- Surfactant
- A molecule with a water-loving head and an oil-loving tail; the tail lifts oil and the head holds it in water so it rinses away.
- pH scale
- A measure of hydrogen-ion concentration from 0 to 14; each whole unit is a tenfold change, and hair and scalp sit near pH 4.5 to 5.5.
- Patch test
- A small amount of oxidative colour applied behind the ear or inner elbow 48 hours before the first application; redness, swelling, or itching cancels the service.
- Keystone pricing
- A retail pricing method that sets the selling price at double the wholesale cost; professional salon lines often use a 2.5 to 3 times markup.
- Informed consent
- Explaining the realistic result, risks, and aftercare of a service so the client can freely agree before the work begins.
- Draping sequence
- A towel is placed around the neck, a neck strip over it, then the cape over the towel so no cape fabric touches bare skin.
- Safety data sheet
- A document covering a product's hazards, first aid, handling, exposure controls, and disposal, kept accessible to staff at the point of use.