Nail Technology and Manicure/Pedicure Services
What this domain tests
This section examines nail anatomy, disorders, manicure and pedicure procedure, massage, polish application and tool hygiene. It also tests when to refuse service and refer a client.
Core rules
- Nail structures include the matrix, lunula, cuticle, nail plate, nail bed and free edge. The matrix produces the plate, so damage there can permanently distort the nail.
- Recognise contraindications: paronychia, onychomycosis, pseudomonas infection, severe psoriasis and open cuts. Refer rather than treat.
- Manicure sequence: sanitise hands, remove old polish, file in one direction, soak, gently push back cuticle, massage, polish with base, colour and top coat.
- Do not cut living cuticle tissue; nippers are for hangnails and dead tissue only.
- Pedicure needs extra care with diabetes, poor circulation and loss of sensation. Avoid credo blades and aggressive callus removal.
- Disinfect reusable tools; use single-use files and buffers where possible.
Worked example
A client has a green-black discolouration under an artificial nail. Reasoning: this suggests a bacterial infection, possibly pseudomonas. Do not apply a new artificial nail; remove the product, disinfect the area and refer the client for medical assessment. Filing over it and sealing it in would trap moisture and worsen the problem.
Traps
Do not cut the cuticle; do not file back and forth; do not reuse files; do not ignore diabetes; do not treat a suspected infection as cosmetic staining.