Codes, Standards, and References: Knowing Which Document Governs
The code stack
NICET FAS-III questions rarely tell you which document applies; you are expected to sort that out. NFPA 72 governs performance, installation, and testing of fire alarm and signaling systems. NFPA 70 (NEC), primarily Article 760 plus Chapters 1 through 9, governs wiring methods, raceways, cable types, and power sources. NFPA 101 and the IBC/IFC establish when and where a system is required and then point to NFPA 72 for the how. NFPA 90A drives duct detector requirements, NFPA 92 covers smoke control interfaces, and NFPA 13/25 drive the sprinkler devices your panel supervises.
Chapter architecture
Know where to look: Chapter 7 Documentation, Chapter 10 Fundamentals, Chapter 12 Circuits and Pathways, Chapter 14 Inspection/Testing/Maintenance, Chapter 17 Initiating Devices, Chapter 18 Notification Appliances, Chapter 21 Emergency Control Functions, Chapter 23 Protected Premises, Chapter 24 Emergency Communications, Chapter 26 Supervising Stations, Chapter 29 Household. Chapter 2 lists referenced publications; Chapter 3 definitions (approved, listed, labeled, authority having jurisdiction, shall) are frequently the whole question.
Traps
Annexes are explanatory only and are not enforceable code text. A standard never overrides the manufacturer's published installation instructions or a written AHJ ruling. A building installed under an earlier edition is judged against the edition in effect at the time of installation unless the AHJ requires an upgrade; NFPA 72 is not retroactive.
Rule of thumb
Where two documents collide, the NEC decides wiring method and NFPA 72 decides system performance; the building code or NFPA 101 decides whether a system is required at all.