NJ Esthetician flashcards
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33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Portal of exit
- The route by which a pathogen leaves its reservoir, such as blood, respiratory droplets, or skin lesions. Blocking it with gloves or barriers interrupts the chain of infection.
- Hospital-grade disinfectant
- An EPA-registered product labeled for use in hospitals that destroys most pathogenic organisms on nonporous surfaces. It must be used at the labeled dilution and for the full contact time.
- Single-use item
- A porous or otherwise non-disinfectable product, such as cotton, wooden sticks, or wax strips, that must be discarded after one client and never reused or shared.
- Safety Data Sheet
- A document required by OSHA for each hazardous chemical product, describing its hazards, safe handling, first aid, and storage. It must be kept on site and accessible to workers.
- Stratum corneum
- The outermost epidermal layer, composed of flattened, keratinized dead cells that form the skin's main barrier against water loss and environmental damage.
- Acid mantle
- The slightly acidic film on the skin surface, about pH 4.5-5.5, formed by sebum and sweat. It supports barrier function and limits growth of some pathogens.
- Sebaceous gland
- A gland attached to a hair follicle that secretes sebum, an oily substance that lubricates skin and hair. Glands are most concentrated on the face, scalp, and upper back.
- Fitzpatrick phototype
- A six-level classification of skin response to ultraviolet exposure, from type I (always burns, never tans) to type VI (deeply pigmented, rarely burns). It guides sun-protection counseling.
- Contraindication
- A condition that makes a service unsafe or inadvisable, such as an active infection, open lesion, or recent chemical peel. Services are deferred and the client is referred when needed.
- Furuncle
- A deep, contagious staphylococcal infection of a hair follicle, commonly called a boil. It is a strict contraindication to facial treatment and requires medical referral.
- ABCDE rule
- A screening guide for suspicious pigmented lesions: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter over 6 mm, and Evolving change. Any suspect lesion is referred to a physician.
- Comedone
- A plugged hair follicle, either open (blackhead) or closed (whitehead). Comedones define grade I acne and are managed with gentle exfoliation and non-comedogenic products.
- Humectant
- An ingredient such as glycerin or hyaluronic acid that attracts and holds water in the skin, improving hydration. Humectants are most useful for dehydrated and dry skin types.
- Emollient
- An ingredient such as an oil or ester that softens and smooths the skin surface and improves flexibility. Emollients are especially useful for dry, rough, or mature skin.
- Occlusive
- An ingredient such as petrolatum or dimethicone that forms a barrier on the skin and reduces water loss. Occlusives are used for very dry skin and compromised barriers.
- Effleurage
- A gliding massage stroke performed with light, even pressure toward lymph nodes. It begins and ends a facial massage and is contraindicated over inflamed or infected areas.
- Broad-spectrum SPF
- A sun protection rating indicating the product shields against both UVB and UVA radiation. SPF 30 or higher is recommended daily, with reapplication every two hours of exposure.
- Anagen phase
- The active growth phase of the hair cycle, lasting weeks to years depending on body site. Hair in anagen has a strong bulb and gives the best waxing results.
- Hard wax
- A strip-free wax applied in a thick layer that sets and is removed without fabric. It is suited to sensitive areas such as the upper lip and bikini line.
- Double-dipping
- Reinserting a used applicator into a wax or product container, which contaminates the supply with skin cells and microbes. It is prohibited; use a fresh applicator each time.
- Threading
- A hair removal method using twisted cotton thread to trap and lift hair at the surface. It suits sensitive skin and clients who cannot tolerate wax or retinoid use.
- Complementary colors
- Color pairs opposite each other on the color wheel, such as green and red, that neutralize each other. In makeup, green cancels redness and peach cancels blue or purple.
- Contouring
- A makeup technique using darker shades to recede an area and lighter shades to bring it forward, balancing face shape and adding dimension. It is blended well to avoid visible lines.
- Undertone
- The underlying hue of the skin, classified as cool (pink, blue), warm (yellow, peach, gold), or neutral. Foundation and concealer should match the undertone, not just the depth.
- Lash growth cycle
- The repeating cycle of anagen (active growth), catagen (transition), and telogen (rest) phases. Normal daily shedding of one to five natural lashes reflects this cycle.
- Volume lash set
- A lash extension technique applying two to six lighter, hand-made lashes to each natural lash as a fan. It creates fuller results than a classic one-to-one set.
- Cyanoacrylate adhesive
- The main ingredient in lash extension glue, which cures with moisture in the air. Humidity and temperature affect cure speed, so the service area is controlled.
- Lash lift
- A service using a silicone shield and a reducing solution to break and reform disulfide bonds, curling natural lashes. A patch test is required for any accompanying tint.
- Informed consent
- A documented explanation of a service's benefits, risks, alternatives, and aftercare, with the client's agreement before the service begins. It protects both client and practitioner.
- Scope of practice
- The legally permitted services and limits of a license category. An esthetician performs cosmetic services but does not diagnose or treat disease and refers suspicious findings.
- Confidentiality
- The ethical and legal duty to protect client records, health information, and photographs from disclosure without written permission. It applies to conversations, files, and social media.
- New Jersey State Board
- The body that regulates cosmetology and hairstyling licensees under N.J.S.A. 45:5B, sets curriculum and sanitation rules, and may discipline licensees for violations.
- Shop license
- A license issued by the New Jersey Board to an establishment that meets sanitation and inspection standards. Services may only be performed in a properly licensed shop.