NNAT3 Level F cheat sheet

Pattern Completion: the missing piece must satisfy every visible constraint at once - color, orientation, line weight, and the continuation of any line that crosses the gap boundary.

Analogy A : B :: C : D - derive the transformation from A to B (rotation, reflection, size change, color inversion, element addition/removal, or count change), then apply that same transformation to C; the correct answer applies it exactly once.

A transformation that maps A to B must be applied identically to C; answers that apply a different or partial transformation are distractors even when they look plausible.

Serial Reasoning: find the rule that links consecutive frames. Common rules are constant rotation (e.g., 45° per step), alternating two-state cycles, growing/shrinking element counts, and progressive position shifts.

Check the series rule against at least two consecutive transitions before choosing; a rule that fits only one transition is underdetermined.

Spatial Visualization: folding/reflection problems preserve handedness under rotation but reverse it under reflection - a shape rotated 90° keeps chirality, a mirrored shape does not.

Overlap-and-subtract rule: when two panels are combined, elements present in both may cancel (XOR) or persist (AND); test both conventions against the given example pair.

Matrix problems: examine rows and columns independently; a rule true across rows may differ from the rule down columns, and the answer must satisfy both.

Count elements before judging shape: many items hinge on the number of sides, dots, or intersections rather than on visual style.

Sequence items test ordering of events or objects by an implicit rule (size, time, rank, or causal order); the answer is the item that preserves the established order without breaking it.

Inference items supply premises and ask what must follow; a valid conclusion is entailed by the premises, while a plausible-sounding option that needs extra assumptions is a distractor.

Distinguish 'must be true' from 'could be true': only the former is correct when the stem asks what logically follows.

Social-context items reward tracking perspectives: what one character knows may differ from what the reader knows, and answers must reflect the stated perspective, not the reader's.

Watch for reversals of subject and object (who did what to whom); many wrong answers swap the actor and the recipient while keeping the same nouns.

Time-order markers (before, after, while, then) define constraints; an answer that contradicts any stated marker is eliminated regardless of overall plausibility.

When two premises conflict, the item is testing recognition of inconsistency, not resolution by real-world knowledge.

Emotional/social cues in vignettes (tone, stated motive, consequence) constrain the acceptable response; the best answer fits the stated motive and the stated consequence simultaneously.

Rate × time = distance; for two objects moving toward each other, combined closing speed is the sum of speeds, and time to meet = separation ÷ combined speed.

Percent change = (new − old) ÷ old × 100; a 20% increase followed by a 20% decrease returns to 96% of the original, not 100%.

Work-rate problems: if A finishes in a hours and B in b hours, combined rate = 1/a + 1/b per hour, and combined time = ab ÷ (a + b).

Average = sum ÷ count; the sum of a set equals average × count, which lets you recover a missing value from a stated average.

Ratio scaling: keep units consistent and cross-multiply; a ratio a : b with total T gives parts aT/(a+b) and bT/(a+b).

Unit-price comparison is the reliable decision rule for 'best buy' items: divide total cost by quantity and compare like units.

Order of operations (parentheses, exponents, multiply/divide left-to-right, add/subtract left-to-right) governs every arithmetic expression; recompute in that order before selecting.

Estimation check: round to convenient numbers to bound the answer; an option outside the estimated range is wrong without exact computation.

Scheduling/overlap items: convert all times to a single unit (minutes) before adding, and subtract overlaps once to avoid double counting.