TU CMAT Bachelors flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Fewer versus less

Use 'fewer' with countable plural nouns such as fewer chairs or fewer errors. Use 'less' with uncountable mass nouns such as less water or less time.

Subject-verb agreement with nor

With neither/nor or either/or, the verb agrees with the subject nearest to it. 'Neither the manager nor the clerks were present' takes a plural verb.

Para-jumble opener clue

The opening sentence usually introduces a new noun with no pronoun referring backwards and no connective such as however or therefore. Find it first, then link the rest.

Contrapositive validity

From 'All A are B' you may validly infer 'All non-B are non-A'. The converse, 'All B are A', does not follow and is a common trap option.

Idiomatic preposition: averse

The correct form is 'averse to', as in 'She is averse to risk'. Do not use 'averse from' or 'averse of'; the noun form is 'aversion to'.

Successive percentage change formula

Two successive changes of a percent and b percent produce a net change of a + b + ab/100 percent. A 20 percent rise then 20 percent fall gives a net 4 percent fall.

Compound minus simple interest

For two years at rate R percent, compound interest exceeds simple interest by P(R/100) squared, where P is the principal. This shortcut avoids full CI computation.

Combined work formula

If A alone finishes a job in a days and B alone in b days, working together they finish it in ab/(a + b) days, assuming constant individual rates.

Speed unit conversion

To convert kilometres per hour to metres per second, multiply by 5/18. To reverse, multiply metres per second by 18/5. A speed of 72 km/h equals 20 m/s.

Circular permutation count

The number of distinct circular arrangements of n different objects is (n − 1) factorial, because rotations of the same arrangement are treated as identical.

Profit percent base

Profit percent and loss percent are calculated on cost price unless the question states otherwise. Selling price equals cost price times (100 + profit percent) divided by 100.

Average shift rule

If every value in a data set increases by k, the average increases by k. If every value is multiplied by k, the average is multiplied by k.

Sphere and cone volumes

A sphere of radius r has volume 4/3 pi r cubed. A cone with base radius r and height h has volume 1/3 pi r squared h, one third of the matching cylinder.

Syllogism chain rule

From 'All A are B' and 'All B are C', conclude 'All A are C'. From 'All A are B' and 'Some C are A', conclude 'Some C are B'.

Seating facing centre

When people face the centre of a circle, a person's left is anticlockwise and right is clockwise. When facing outward, left is clockwise and right is anticlockwise.

Blood relation: niece

The daughter of your sister or brother is your niece. The son of your sibling is your nephew. Siblings of your parents are uncles and aunts.

Direction sense displacement

Track movement on coordinates, then apply Pythagoras for net displacement. A walk of 3 km east then 4 km north leaves the person 5 km from the start.

Number series check order

Test constant differences first, then constant ratios, then squares or cubes, then alternating two-series patterns, and finally digit-based or prime-based rules.

Valid assumption test

An assumption is valid only if the argument collapses without it. Restatements of the given statement and extreme or unrelated claims are not valid assumptions.

Coding: letter shift

In letter-shift coding, compare each letter's alphabet position between word and code. Consistent gaps such as +2 or reversal of the word reveal the rule to apply.

Fundamental Rights location

Fundamental Rights appear in Part III of the Indian Constitution, Articles 12 to 35. They are enforceable through writs under Article 32 before the Supreme Court.

Directive Principles part

Directive Principles of State Policy sit in Part IV, Articles 36 to 51. They are not enforceable in courts but guide government policy making.

RBI establishment year

The Reserve Bank of India was established on 1 April 1935 and nationalised in 1949. It issues currency and conducts monetary policy for India.

GST launch date

The Goods and Services Tax took effect on 1 July 2017 in India. It is a destination-based tax split into CGST, SGST or UTGST, and IGST.

SEBI role

The Securities and Exchange Board of India regulates Indian securities markets, protecting investors and overseeing stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies. It became statutory in 1992.

Nobel economics 2019

Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer shared the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for experimental approaches to alleviating global poverty.

BRICS membership

BRICS groups Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The grouping began as BRIC in 2009 and added South Africa in 2010.

Porter's Five Forces

The model assesses industry attractiveness through rivalry among existing firms, threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, buyer bargaining power, and supplier bargaining power.

Break-even quantity formula

Break-even quantity equals fixed cost divided by selling price minus variable cost per unit. At that output, total revenue exactly covers total cost.

Maslow hierarchy order

Needs ascend from physiological to safety, then social belonging, then esteem, and finally self-actualisation. Lower-level needs generally demand satisfaction before higher ones motivate.

Theory X and Theory Y

McGregor's Theory X assumes employees dislike work and need close control. Theory Y assumes employees find work natural and seek responsibility and self-direction.

Balance sheet identity

A balance sheet reports assets equal to liabilities plus equity at a point in time. The income statement instead covers revenue and expenses over a period.