NHPC BPT study guide
NHPC BPT · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Nepal Health Professional Council (NHPC) BPT registration examination is the licensing assessment that a graduate of a Bachelor of Physiotherapy programme must clear before practising as a registered physiotherapist in Nepal. It is intended for candidates who have completed an NHPC-recognised BPT degree and now need council registration to work legally in hospitals, rehabilitation centres, private clinics and community settings. The NHPC BPT study guide has 12 sections and about 3,391 words.
01Anatomy
The anatomy section tests regional and systemic structure, with emphasis on spatial relations, neurovascular bundles, and clinical correlations that physiotherapists use in assessment. Build each region from bones to joints, then muscles by action and innervation, then vessels and nerves by course and relations.
327 words, about 2 min02Physiology
Physiology tests integration from cell membrane to organ system, especially how cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and neuromuscular function interact during exercise and rehabilitation. Resting membrane potential depends on the Na+/K+ ATPase and selective permeability; the action potential follows depolarisation, threshold, and repolarisation.
312 words, about 2 min03Biomechanics and Kinesiology
Biomechanics and kinesiology test how forces produce movement, how joints move, and how to analyse gait and exercise safely. Kinematics describes motion (displacement, velocity, acceleration); kinetics explains forces and torques.
321 words, about 2 min04Pathology and Microbiology
This section tests disease mechanisms, tissue responses, and infection control principles that determine physiotherapy precautions and contraindications. Cell injury may be reversible or irreversible; necrosis types include coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, and fat necrosis.
263 words, about 1 min05Pharmacology
Pharmacology tests how drugs act, how the body handles them, and how common medicines alter exercise tolerance, healing, and physiotherapy safety. Pharmacokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion.
277 words, about 1 min06Electrotherapy and Physical Modalities
This section tests safe selection, parameter setting, and contraindications for electrical, thermal, acoustic, and mechanical modalities. TENS uses gate-control or endorphin mechanisms depending on frequency; check skin, sensation, and pacemaker status.
279 words, about 1 min07Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation
Exercise therapy tests prescription principles: choosing the right mode, dose, progression, and outcome measure for each impairment. Use FITT: frequency, intensity, time, type.
273 words, about 1 min08Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy
Musculoskeletal physiotherapy tests clinical reasoning from history and physical examination to diagnosis, precautions, and staged rehabilitation. Subjective examination screens red flags: cauda equina features, progressive neurological deficit, unexplained weight loss, fever, night pain, and history of cancer or trauma.
270 words, about 1 min09Neurological Physiotherapy
Neurological physiotherapy tests lesion localisation, recovery mechanisms, and task-specific rehabilitation for stroke, spinal cord injury, Parkinson disease, and peripheral neuropathy. Upper motor neuron lesions cause spasticity, hyperreflexia, and weakness; lower motor neuron lesions cause flaccidity, fasciculation, and atrophy.
269 words, about 1 min10Cardiopulmonary and Community Physiotherapy
This section tests respiratory assessment, exercise prescription in cardiac and pulmonary disease, and community-based rehabilitation that is safe, accessible, and sustainable. Assess breathlessness, cough, sputum, chest expansion, breath sounds, oxygen saturation, and exercise tolerance.
267 words, about 1 min11Professional Ethics, Law, and Council Regulations
This section tests professional conduct, consent, confidentiality, scope of practice, documentation, and the regulatory expectations of the health council. Valid consent requires capacity, adequate information, and voluntariness; it can be withdrawn at any time.
272 words, about 1 min12Research Methodology, Biostatistics, and Evidence-Based Practice
This section tests whether you can frame a clinical question, appraise study design, interpret statistics, and apply evidence without overclaiming. PICO: population, intervention, comparison, outcome.
261 words, about 1 min