Nepal SEE English flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Present perfect with since
- Use have/has + past participle with since plus a starting point or for plus a duration, when an action began in the past and continues or has present relevance.
- Reported speech backshift
- When the reporting verb is in the past, shift present to past, past to past perfect and will to would, and adjust pronouns and time expressions accordingly.
- Passive voice structure
- Form the passive with the correct form of be plus the past participle; the active object becomes the subject and the agent appears only after by.
- Question tag rule
- Add a short tag with the opposite polarity of the main clause and the same auxiliary; use do, does or did when the clause has no auxiliary.
- Third conditional form
- Use if plus past perfect in the condition and would have plus past participle in the result, for imagined situations that did not happen in the past.
- Defining relative clause
- A clause introduced by who, which, whose or where that identifies the noun and takes no commas; a non-defining clause adds extra information and is comma-separated.
- कर्मवाच्य
- कर्तृवाच्यको कर्मलाई कर्ताको स्थानमा राखी क्रियापदमा 'द्वारा/बाट' र कृदन्त जोडेर बनाइने वाच्य हो, जस्तै 'उसद्वारा पत्र लेखियो'।
- समास
- दुई वा दुईभन्दा बढी शब्द मिलेर एक शब्द बन्ने प्रक्रिया हो; यसका द्वन्द्व, द्विगु, तत्पुरुष, बहुव्रीहि, अव्ययीभाव र कर्मधारय भेद छन्।
- उपसर्ग
- शब्दको अगाडि जोडिएर नयाँ अर्थ दिने पदांश हो, जस्तै 'प्र' जोड्दा गति बाट प्रगति बन्छ; यसले शब्दको मूल अर्थ परिवर्तन गर्छ।
- उखान र टुक्का
- उखान पूरा वाक्य भई जीवनको शिक्षा दिन्छ, जस्तै 'हतारको काम लठार'; टुक्का पदावली मात्र हो, जस्तै 'आँखा चिम्लनु'।
- कारक विभक्ति चिह्न
- कर्तामा 'ले', कर्म र सम्प्रदानमा 'लाई', करणमा 'ले/द्वारा', अपादानमा 'बाट/देखि', सम्बन्धमा 'को/का/की' र अधिकरणमा 'मा' प्रयोग हुन्छ।
- निबन्धको संरचना
- निबन्ध भूमिका, विषयवस्तु र निष्कर्ष गरी तीन भागमा लेखिन्छ; भूमिकाले परिचय दिन्छ, विषयवस्तुले कारण र उदाहरण, निष्कर्षले सार वा समाधान दिन्छ।
- Quadratic formula
- For ax² + bx + c = 0 with a not zero, the roots are x = [−b ± √(b² − 4ac)] / 2a; the discriminant b² − 4ac shows whether roots are real, equal or imaginary.
- Compound interest amount
- The amount after T years at rate R percent per year is A = P(1 + R/100)^T, and compound interest equals A minus P; interest is added to principal each period.
- Union of two sets
- The number of elements in A union B equals n(A) + n(B) − n(A intersection B), because elements common to both sets are counted twice before subtraction.
- Volume of a cone
- The volume of a cone is one third of pi times the square of the base radius times the height, that is (1/3)πr²h, one third of the matching cylinder.
- HCF and LCM relation
- For two numbers, the highest common factor multiplied by the lowest common multiple equals the product of the two numbers; this allows one to be found from the other.
- Mean of grouped data
- For grouped data the mean equals the sum of frequency times class midpoint divided by the total frequency, written Σfx / Σf, where x is each class midpoint.
- Probability complement rule
- The probability that an event does not occur equals one minus the probability that it occurs; every probability lies between zero and one inclusive.
- Angle in a semicircle
- Any angle subtended at the circumference by a diameter is a right angle of ninety degrees, because the angle at the centre on the same arc is a straight angle.
- Ohm's law
- Current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it at constant temperature, giving V = IR where R is resistance in ohms.
- Newton's second law
- The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to its mass, expressed as F = ma with force in newtons.
- Photosynthesis equation
- Green plants use chlorophyll and sunlight to combine six molecules of carbon dioxide with six of water, producing one glucose molecule and releasing six oxygen molecules.
- Acid and base indicators
- Acids turn blue litmus red and have pH below seven; bases turn red litmus blue and have pH above seven; a neutral solution such as pure water has pH seven.
- Kinetic and potential energy
- Kinetic energy of a moving body is half its mass times the square of its speed; gravitational potential energy is mass times gravity times height above a reference level.
- Ozone layer function
- Stratospheric ozone absorbs most incoming ultraviolet radiation; chlorofluorocarbons release chlorine atoms that break ozone molecules and thin this protective layer.
- Nepal's three government tiers
- Nepal has a federal government, seven provincial governments and 753 local units, which include metropolitan cities, sub-metropolitan cities, municipalities and rural municipalities.
- Fundamental rights status
- Fundamental rights listed in the Constitution of Nepal are enforceable through the courts, while directive principles and policies guide the state but are not directly justiciable.
- Latitude versus longitude
- Latitude lines run east to west and measure distance north or south of the equator; longitude lines run north to south and measure distance east or west of the prime meridian.
- WHO life skills
- The ten life skills are self-awareness, empathy, critical thinking, creative thinking, decision making, problem solving, effective communication, interpersonal relationship, coping with stress and coping with emotion.
- Sustainable development meaning
- Development that meets present needs without preventing future generations from meeting theirs, balancing economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection together.
- SAARC basics
- The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation has eight member states and its permanent secretariat is located in Kathmandu, Nepal; it promotes regional cooperation.