CAA NZ CPL Air Law flashcards
CAA NZ CPL Air Law · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Civil Aviation Act 1990
- The primary New Zealand statute establishing the CAA, the Director of Civil Aviation, and the legal framework for civil aviation safety, including offences and rule-making powers.
- Director of Civil Aviation
- The statutory officer who issues, suspends, and revokes aviation licences and certificates, and who administers the Civil Aviation Rules under the Civil Aviation Act 1990.
- TAIC
- The Transport Accident Investigation Commission, an independent Crown entity that investigates aviation accidents and serious incidents in New Zealand, separate from the CAA.
- Civil Aviation Rules
- Secondary legislation made under the Civil Aviation Act 1990; Parts 1, 21, 43, 61, 91, 121, 125, 135 and others prescribe operating, licensing, and airworthiness requirements.
- Pilot-in-command responsibility
- The PIC is responsible for the safe operation of the aircraft and compliance with the CARs, and may deviate from rules in an emergency to the extent necessary for safety.
- Minimum safe altitude
- Generally 1000 ft above the highest obstacle within 600 m horizontally over congested areas, and 500 ft elsewhere, except during take-off and landing.
- VFR fuel reserve
- For VFR day flights, sufficient fuel to complete the flight and land with a reserve of at least 30 minutes, or as specified in Part 91 subpart C.
- CPL(A) flight time
- A minimum of 200 hours total flight time, including 100 hours PIC, 20 hours cross-country PIC, 10 hours instrument time, and 5 hours night for night privileges.
- Class 1 medical
- The medical certificate required for a CPL; validity is typically 12 months for pilots under 40 and 6 months for those aged 40 and over, depending on category.
- Biennial flight review
- A review required every 24 months for PPL and CPL holders, comprising at least 1 hour of flight instruction and 1 hour of ground instruction with an authorised instructor.
- Passenger-carrying currency
- Three take-offs and three landings within the preceding 90 days are required to carry passengers; night currency requires three take-offs and landings at night within 90 days.
- Maintenance release
- A certification signed after maintenance confirming the aircraft is airworthy and has been maintained in accordance with the approved programme; flight is prohibited until issued.
- Airworthiness Directive
- A mandatory instruction issued to correct an unsafe condition; compliance must be recorded and repetitive ADs scheduled within the specified intervals.
- Weight and balance
- A computation required before flight to ensure the aircraft's weight and centre of gravity remain within the flight manual envelope for all phases, including fuel burn.
- Class C airspace
- Controlled airspace where both IFR and VFR flights require an ATC clearance; IFR is separated from IFR and VFR, and VFR from VFR.
- Class G airspace
- Uncontrolled airspace where no ATC clearance is required; VFR minima below 10,000 ft are 5 km visibility and clear of cloud.
- Semi-circular rule
- Above 3,000 ft AGL, magnetic tracks 000-179 use odd thousands plus 500 ft; tracks 180-359 use even thousands plus 500 ft.
- Transition altitude
- The altitude at which the altimeter is set to standard pressure (1013.2 hPa); in New Zealand it is generally 13,000 ft, varying by area.
- Read-back requirement
- Pilots must read back ATC clearances and instructions involving altitude, heading, runway, or frequency, and the read-back must be complete and correct.
- Squawk 7700
- The transponder code set to indicate an emergency; 7500 indicates unlawful interference and 7600 indicates radio failure.
- MAYDAY call
- The distress prefix used in radiotelephony to signal grave and imminent danger, stating callsign, nature of emergency, position, altitude, and intentions.
- PAPI
- A precision approach path indicator using four lights; two white and two red indicate the aircraft is on the correct approach path.
- Runway designator
- A number indicating the magnetic heading of the runway to the nearest 10 degrees, divided by 10 (e.g., 27 means 270 degrees magnetic).
- Crosswind limit
- The maximum crosswind component specified in the aircraft flight manual; the PIC must ensure the actual crosswind is within this limit before take-off or landing.
- Accident definition
- An occurrence associated with aircraft operation resulting in death, serious injury, or substantial damage to the aircraft or property.
- Incident definition
- An occurrence other than an accident that affects or could affect safety, such as a near miss, runway incursion, or engine failure without substantial damage.
- Preservation of evidence
- The PIC must preserve wreckage, documents, and recorders after an accident and must not move the aircraft unless necessary to save life or prevent further damage.
- Right-of-way: converging
- For converging aircraft of the same category, the aircraft on the right has right-of-way; power-driven aircraft give way to gliders, balloons, and airships.
- Head-on rule
- When two aircraft are approaching head-on, both alter heading to the right to pass clear; the overtaking aircraft keeps clear and passes on the right.
- Final approach right-of-way
- An aircraft on final approach has right-of-way over other aircraft in flight or on the ground; aircraft on the ground must give way to landing aircraft.
- Steady red light signal
- A steady red light signal from ATC means give way and stop; a flashing red means move clear of the runway; a steady green means cleared to land or taxi.
- Oxygen requirements
- Supplemental oxygen is required for crew above 10,000 ft and for passengers above 13,000 ft, as specified in the flight manual and Part 91.