MITO EV Auto L5 flashcards
MITO EV Auto L5 · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Operational design domain
- The specific conditions (geography, weather, road type, speed, time of day) under which an automated driving system is designed to function. Outside it, the system must not operate.
- Minimal-risk manoeuvre
- A controlled action an automated vehicle takes to reach a safe stopping condition when it can no longer continue the driving task, such as pulling over and stopping.
- Fail-operational
- A design property where the system continues to perform its safety function after a fault, rather than failing to a safe state. Required for L5 because no human fallback exists.
- ASIL
- Automotive Safety Integrity Level, graded A to D, assigned from severity, exposure, and controllability. ASIL D is the highest integrity requirement for a safety goal.
- SOTIF
- Safety of the Intended Functionality, ISO 21448. It addresses hazardous behaviour from performance limitations or foreseeable misuse in the absence of a technical fault.
- Battery state of health
- A measure of a battery's current capacity and power capability relative to its beginning-of-life values, reflecting ageing and degradation over time.
- Regenerative braking
- Recovery of kinetic energy during deceleration by operating the traction motor as a generator. Limited by battery charge acceptance and by friction-brake blending needs.
- Thermal runaway
- A self-accelerating exothermic reaction in a battery cell triggered by overcharge, internal short, or overheating, which can propagate to adjacent cells in a pack.
- Megawatt charging system
- A high-power DC charging standard for heavy commercial vehicles, limited in practice by connector thermal management, cable cooling, and site power capacity.
- Total cost of ownership
- A whole-life cost comparison including purchase price, energy, maintenance, charging infrastructure, residual value, and downtime, usually expressed per tonne-kilometre for freight.
- Payload penalty
- The reduction in freight capacity caused by battery mass, which lowers revenue per trip and must be included in per-tonne-kilometre cost calculations.
- Depot load management
- Coordinating charger power at a depot to avoid simultaneous demand spikes, reducing utility demand charges and avoiding transformer upgrades.
- Drivers' hours rules
- Regulations capping daily driving time and mandating rest breaks. Charging dwell for electric trucks should be scheduled inside mandatory rest periods.
- Trolley assist
- An overhead power line that supplies haul trucks on grade, reducing diesel use. Line capacity must match the simultaneous demand of the fleet.
- Battery swap
- Exchanging a depleted battery pack for a charged one, used in underground mining to avoid long charging dwell in constrained headings and drifts.
- Electric LHD
- A battery-electric load-haul-dump loader used underground. It removes diesel exhaust and heat, reducing ventilation and cooling costs in deep mines.
- Hazardous area classification
- A zoning system (e.g., Zone 1, Zone 2) defining where explosive gas atmospheres may occur, governing where battery packs and chargers can be installed.
- Methane slip
- Unburned methane escaping from a gas engine. It is a potent greenhouse gas, so engine tuning and aftertreatment must minimise it, not just CO2.
- Boil-off gas
- Vapour generated in cryogenic LNG storage near -162 °C. It must be reliquefied, used as fuel, or vented under control to prevent overpressure.
- Well-to-wheel
- An emissions accounting boundary covering fuel production and delivery as well as vehicle use, needed to compare gas and electric powertrains fairly.
- Inert-gas system
- A system that fills cargo tanks with inert gas to keep oxygen below the level needed for combustion, preventing explosive atmospheres on gas carriers.
- CCS connector
- Combined Charging System, a DC fast-charging standard used widely in Europe and North America. Regional standards differ, affecting fleet interoperability.
- Battery management system
- Electronics that monitor and control a battery pack: cell balancing, state-of-charge and health estimation, thermal control, and isolation monitoring.
- ODD monitoring
- Continuous assessment of whether current conditions remain inside the operational design domain, triggering a minimal-risk manoeuvre when they do not.
- Return-to-base route
- A predictable duty cycle ending at a depot, well suited to battery-electric trucks because charging can occur during overnight dwell.
- Opportunity charging
- Short charging sessions at loading docks or stops during a shift, extending daily range without adding vehicles to the fleet.
- Cold chain
- Temperature-controlled logistics. Electric transport refrigeration units cut local emissions but draw auxiliary power and reduce vehicle range.
- Last-mile logistics
- The final delivery leg to the customer. Route density and stop frequency determine which powertrain has lower emissions per parcel.
- Drawworks
- The hoisting winch on a drilling rig. Its demand is cyclic and peaky, which is why battery storage is used to shave peaks and keep generators steady.
- Variable-frequency drive
- Power electronics that control motor speed and torque. Used on rigs for drawworks, top drive, and mud pumps to improve control and efficiency.
- Mud pump power
- Hydraulic power delivered to drilling fluid, approximately flow rate times pressure difference, with losses in the pump and drive motor.
- Zero-emission mass allowance
- A regulatory provision in some jurisdictions granting extra gross vehicle weight for zero-emission powertrains to offset battery mass.