Oklahoma CNA flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Active listening

Concentrating fully on what a resident says, noticing both the words and the feelings, and restating the message to confirm understanding without interrupting or planning your reply.

Aphasia communication strategies

Use one question at a time with yes-or-no answers, allow extra time, use gestures, pictures, or a communication board, and never pretend to understand words the resident did not say.

Clock method for meals

Describing where food sits on a tray by clock positions, such as peas at three o'clock, so a resident with vision loss can find each item independently.

When to use soap and water

Wash with soap and water, not an alcohol rub, when hands are visibly soiled and after caring for a resident with C. difficile or norovirus, because alcohol does not kill those organisms.

PPE removal order

Remove gloves first, then goggles or face shield, then gown, then mask; perform hand hygiene immediately afterward and avoid touching contaminated surfaces with bare hands.

Airborne precautions

Infection control for tuberculosis, measles, and chickenpox: an N95 respirator, a negative-pressure room with the door closed, and visitor restrictions as posted by the facility.

RACE fire response

Rescue anyone in immediate danger, Alarm by activating the fire alarm, Contain the fire by closing doors, and Extinguish or Evacuate as directed by facility policy.

Seizure care

Protect the head, ease the resident to the floor, do not restrain or put anything in the mouth, note the time and movements, and turn the resident to the side afterward.

Fall prevention basics

Keep the bed low with wheels locked, put the call light and personal items within reach, remove floor clutter, light the path at night, and answer calls promptly.

Right to refuse treatment

A resident may decline any care, medication, or meal; the aide stops, informs the nurse, documents the refusal, and never forces, threatens, or bargains with the resident.

Confidentiality

Sharing resident information only with the care team for care purposes, in a private setting, and never discussing residents in hallways, with visitors, or with other residents.

Resident privacy during care

Knock and announce yourself, close the door or curtain, expose only the body part being cared for, and keep the resident covered before and after care.

Normal adult vital signs

Oral temperature 97.6 to 99.6 degrees Fahrenheit, pulse 60 to 100 per minute, respirations 12 to 20 per minute, blood pressure below 120 over 80, and oxygen saturation 95 to 100 percent.

Pressure injury stage 1

Intact skin with a reddened area that does not blanch when pressed; report it, relieve pressure on the area, and never massage the site.

Perineal care order

Wash the perineum from front to back, using a clean part of the cloth for each stroke, so bacteria from the rectum are not moved toward the urethra.

Counting an irregular pulse

Count for a full minute when the rhythm is irregular, record the rate and character, and report rates below 60 or above 100 beats per minute to the nurse.

Aspiration precautions

Seat the resident upright at 90 degrees, use only the ordered liquid consistency, offer small bites, check for pocketing, and keep the resident upright for 30 minutes after eating.

Dehydration signs

Dark concentrated urine, dry mouth, poor skin turgor, weight loss, confusion, and urine output below 30 milliliters per hour; report these findings to the nurse.

Intake and output record

Recording all fluids taken by mouth, tube, or vein and all urine, vomit, or drainage in milliliters; report urine output below 30 milliliters per hour.

Maslow's hierarchy order

Physiological needs first, then safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization; food, water, oxygen, and pain relief are met before higher-level needs.

Signs of depression

Sadness, withdrawal, loss of interest, appetite and sleep changes, and hopelessness lasting two weeks or more; the aide reports these observations to the nurse.

Therapeutic communication

Using open-ended questions, active listening, silence, and empathy; avoiding advice, false reassurance, changing the subject, and talking about your own personal problems.

Sundowning

Increased confusion and agitation in late afternoon or evening; respond with a calm routine, less noise and activity, and gentle reassurance rather than correction.

Validation therapy

Accepting and acknowledging the feelings behind a confused resident's words or beliefs instead of arguing, correcting, or repeatedly reorienting the person to reality.

Dementia versus delirium

Dementia is chronic, progressive, and irreversible; delirium is a sudden change in attention and thinking caused by illness, medication, or infection and must be reported immediately.

Passive range of motion

The aide moves each joint through its pain-free range while supporting the limb above and below the joint; the resident does no work and should feel no pain.

Cane use

The resident holds the cane in the stronger hand, moves the cane and the weaker leg forward together, then steps forward with the stronger leg.

Contracture prevention

Range of motion, repositioning at least every two hours, ordered splints, and encouragement of activity prevent permanent shortening of muscles and tendons that limits joint movement.

Mandated reporting of abuse

Nurse aides are legally required to report suspected abuse, neglect, or exploitation immediately to the charge nurse and administrator under Oklahoma rules; failing to report is itself a violation.

Negligence

Failure to provide the care a reasonable, prudent person would provide in the same situation, causing harm; professional negligence by a licensed caregiver is called malpractice.

Advance directives

Written instructions such as a living will, durable power of attorney for health care, or do-not-resuscitate order that state a resident's treatment wishes and must be followed.

Not charted, not done

A legal rule meaning care that was not documented is presumed not to have been given; chart promptly, objectively, accurately, and only what you personally did or observed.