Subpart Z: Hazard Communication and Silica
Hazard communication
1926.59 applies 1910.1200 to construction. Employers must maintain a written HazCom program, ensure containers are labeled, obtain and make safety data sheets available, and train employees before exposure. Labels use pictograms, signal words, and hazard statements. Training must cover hazards, protective measures, and detection methods.
Silica
1926.1153 sets a permissible exposure limit of 50 micrograms per cubic meter as an 8-hour time-weighted average and an action level of 25. Table 1 lists common construction tasks with required engineering controls, work practices, and respiratory protection. If the employer fully implements Table 1, exposure monitoring is not required for that task. Otherwise, the employer must assess exposures and use controls to meet the PEL.
Worked example
A worker uses a handheld concrete saw to cut block. Table 1 requires an integrated water-delivery system and, depending on the task and duration, respiratory protection. The employer must also provide silica training, housekeeping to avoid dry sweeping, and medical surveillance if required. A disposable dust mask is not automatically adequate; the Table 1 respirator requirement controls.
Traps
Table 1 is not optional if the employer relies on it. Water controls must be used correctly; a trickle is not enough. HazCom training must occur before exposure, not after. Silica is not only a “dust” issue; it can cause silicosis and cancer.