Subparts Q–X: Concrete, Steel, Demolition, Power, Ladders
Concrete, steel, and underground
Subpart Q covers concrete and masonry: formwork must be designed and braced; 1926.701(b) requires impalement protection for reinforcing steel. Subpart R covers steel erection; 1926.760 requires fall protection at 15 feet, with controlled decking zones and fall protection for connectors. Subpart S covers underground construction: competent-person inspections, air monitoring, and emergency procedures.
Demolition, blasting, and power
Subpart T requires an engineering survey before demolition, utility shutoff, and controlled access. Subpart U requires qualified blasters, warning signals, and blast-area security. Subpart V covers power transmission and distribution: de-energize and ground, use minimum approach distances, and protect against induced voltage. Subpart W covers ROPS for certain equipment; Subpart X covers stairways and ladders.
Worked example
A steel-erection crew is connecting beams at 18 feet. General Subpart M would trigger at 6 feet, but steel erection under Subpart R allows fall protection at 15 feet for certain activities. At 18 feet, the crew must use guardrails, safety nets, personal fall arrest, or a controlled decking zone where permitted. The employer must also provide a rescue plan.
Traps
Do not apply the 6-foot trigger to steel erection without checking Subpart R. A demolition survey is not optional, and utilities must be shut off or protected. Ladders use a 4:1 setup ratio and must extend 3 feet above the landing. Stairways with four or more risers need handrails.