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PNG CASA AME Subject 20 Air Law study materials
PNG CASA AME Subject 20 Air Law study resources

PNG CASA AME Subject 20 Air Law practice questions

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Question 1Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Under the PNG Civil Aviation Act, which body is empowered to make Civil Aviation Rules governing aviation safety in Papua New Guinea?

  1. The Minister responsible for civil aviation Correct answer.
  2. The Accident Investigation Commission
  3. The National Airports Corporation
  4. The PNG Defence Force Air Element

Explanation

The Civil Aviation Act gives the Minister responsible for civil aviation the power to make Civil Aviation Rules, which are the detailed safety regulations applying to operators, aircraft and personnel. The other bodies listed have operational, military or investigative roles, not rule-making authority.

Question 2Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which organisation is PNG's civil aviation safety regulator, responsible for administering the Civil Aviation Act and Rules?

  1. The Department of Transport and Civil Aviation
  2. The National Maritime Safety Authority
  3. The Civil Aviation Safety Authority of PNG Correct answer.
  4. The PNG Air Services Limited

Explanation

The Civil Aviation Safety Authority of PNG (CASAPNG) is the statutory regulator that administers the Civil Aviation Act and the Civil Aviation Rules, issuing licences, certificates and approvals. It is distinct from government departments and from service providers.

Question 3Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

What is the primary purpose of the Civil Aviation Act of Papua New Guinea?

  1. To provide for the regulation and safety oversight of civil aviation Correct answer.
  2. To promote tourism in remote provinces
  3. To set airline ticket pricing policy
  4. To operate the national airline

Explanation

The Act establishes the legal framework for regulating civil aviation, including safety oversight, licensing and enforcement. Economic and commercial matters such as ticket pricing and airline operation are not its core purpose.

Question 4Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

A person who holds a PNG aviation licence commits an offence under the Civil Aviation Act if they exercise the privileges of that licence while it is suspended. Which principle does this illustrate?

  1. Suspension removes the authority to exercise licence privileges Correct answer.
  2. Suspension only applies to airline transport pilots
  3. Privileges may be exercised at the holder's discretion
  4. Licences remain valid until physically surrendered

Explanation

A suspension withdraws the authority to exercise the privileges of the licence for the period of suspension, so continuing to act on it is an offence. The document remaining in the holder's possession does not preserve the privileges.

Question 5Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which of the following best describes the legal status of Civil Aviation Rules made under the PNG Civil Aviation Act?

  1. Delegated legislation binding on persons to whom they apply Correct answer.
  2. Advisory guidance with no binding force
  3. Recommendations adopted voluntarily by operators
  4. Internal policy of the regulator only

Explanation

Civil Aviation Rules are delegated legislation made under the Act and are legally binding on the persons and organisations to which they apply. They are not merely advice or internal policy, and compliance is not optional.

Question 6Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

An operator wishes to challenge a decision by the regulator to refuse an air operator certificate. Under the PNG framework, which avenue is generally available?

  1. Automatic reissue of the certificate
  2. A vote by other certificate holders
  3. Review through the statutory review or appeal mechanism provided by the Act Correct answer.
  4. Direct appeal to the International Civil Aviation Organization

Explanation

The Civil Aviation Act provides a statutory mechanism for review of or appeal against regulatory decisions, typically to an internal reviewer or the Minister, and thereafter to a court. External bodies such as ICAO do not hear appeals from national licensing decisions.

Question 7Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which document issued by the regulator authorises an organisation to conduct commercial air transport operations in PNG?

  1. Air operator certificate Correct answer.
  2. Certificate of airworthiness
  3. Radio station licence
  4. Aircraft registration certificate

Explanation

An air operator certificate (AOC) authorises an organisation to conduct commercial air transport operations and specifies the types of operations permitted. The other documents relate to the aircraft itself or to radio equipment, not to the operator's authority.

Question 8Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

The PNG Civil Aviation Act establishes requirements for aircraft registration. What is the primary legal significance of registering an aircraft in PNG?

  1. It establishes the aircraft's nationality and brings it within PNG regulatory oversight Correct answer.
  2. It guarantees the aircraft is free of defects
  3. It exempts the aircraft from maintenance requirements
  4. It transfers ownership to the State

Explanation

Registration confers PNG nationality on the aircraft and subjects it to PNG regulatory oversight, including airworthiness and operational requirements. It does not certify condition, waive maintenance, or transfer title.

Question 9Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

A pilot operating a PNG-registered aircraft in PNG airspace must comply with which set of operational rules?

  1. The rules of the nearest foreign state
  2. Only ICAO Annexes directly, without national rules
  3. Only the rules of the pilot's home country
  4. The PNG Civil Aviation Rules applicable to the operation Correct answer.

Explanation

Aircraft operating in PNG airspace and PNG-registered aircraft are subject to the PNG Civil Aviation Rules that apply to the particular operation. ICAO Annexes are implemented through national rules rather than applied directly in place of them.

Question 10Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which of the following is a function typically performed by the PNG regulator rather than by an airport operator?

  1. Maintaining runway lighting
  2. Managing terminal retail concessions
  3. Issuing aircraft maintenance engineer licences Correct answer.
  4. Collecting airport landing fees

Explanation

Licensing of aviation personnel, including maintenance engineers, is a regulatory function performed by the civil aviation regulator. Airport fees, runway lighting and terminal concessions are airport operator functions.

Question 11Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

An airworthiness directive is issued in respect of a particular aircraft type. What is the obligation of an operator of an affected PNG-registered aircraft?

  1. Ignore it if the manufacturer disputes the directive
  2. Comply within the time specified in the directive Correct answer.
  3. Comply only after the next annual inspection regardless of the directive
  4. Comply only if the aircraft is used for international flights

Explanation

Airworthiness directives are mandatory and must be complied with within the timeframe specified, regardless of the type of operation. Deferring compliance to a later inspection is not permitted where the directive sets its own deadline.

Question 12Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which statement correctly reflects the relationship between the PNG Civil Aviation Act and the Civil Aviation Rules?

  1. The Act applies only to international operators
  2. The Rules and the Act are entirely unrelated documents
  3. The Rules override the Act where they conflict
  4. The Act provides the empowering framework and the Rules set out detailed requirements under it Correct answer.

Explanation

The Act is the primary legislation that establishes the regulator, its powers and the framework, while the Rules are subordinate legislation containing the detailed technical and operational requirements. Rules cannot override the Act because they derive their authority from it.

Question 13Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

A foreign-registered aircraft wishes to operate charter flights wholly within PNG. What is the generally applicable regulatory position?

  1. Only aircraft registered in Australia may do so
  2. Foreign aircraft may conduct domestic commercial operations without restriction
  3. Cabotage restrictions generally require specific authorisation for foreign aircraft to carry traffic within PNG Correct answer.
  4. Domestic charters are prohibited for all operators

Explanation

PNG, like most states, restricts cabotage so that foreign-registered aircraft generally need specific authorisation to carry traffic between points within the country. Unrestricted domestic commercial operation by foreign aircraft is not permitted as of right.

Question 14Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Under the PNG framework, which person is ultimately responsible for ensuring an aircraft is operated in compliance with the Civil Aviation Rules during a flight?

  1. The aircraft owner's insurer
  2. The pilot in command Correct answer.
  3. The air traffic controller
  4. The operator's maintenance controller

Explanation

The pilot in command is responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight and for compliance with the applicable rules. Other parties have supporting roles but do not hold that in-flight command responsibility.

Question 15Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

What is the role of a certificate of airworthiness issued under the PNG framework?

  1. It authorises the operator to sell tickets
  2. It indicates the aircraft conforms to its approved type design and is in a condition for safe operation Correct answer.
  3. It certifies the pilot's competency
  4. It records the aircraft's insurance status

Explanation

A certificate of airworthiness confirms that the aircraft conforms to its approved type design and is maintained in a condition for safe operation. It does not address pilot competency, commercial authorisation or insurance.

Question 16Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

A regulator inspector wishes to examine an operator's records to verify compliance with the Civil Aviation Rules. What does the Act generally provide in this regard?

  1. Inspectors may only inspect records with the operator's written consent
  2. Inspectors have statutory powers to enter premises and inspect records for compliance purposes Correct answer.
  3. Inspectors may inspect only after an accident has occurred
  4. Inspectors have no powers over record keeping

Explanation

The Act confers statutory powers on authorised inspectors to enter premises, inspect aircraft and examine records to verify compliance. These powers do not depend on the operator's consent and are not limited to post-accident investigation.

Question 17Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which of the following would most likely constitute a breach of the Civil Aviation Act by an unlicensed person?

  1. Performing maintenance on an aircraft for which a licence is required Correct answer.
  2. Attending an aviation safety seminar
  3. Observing aircraft movements from a public area
  4. Reading the Civil Aviation Rules

Explanation

Performing maintenance that requires a licence without holding the appropriate licence breaches the Act's licensing requirements. Educational or observational activities do not require aviation licences.

Question 18Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

The PNG Civil Aviation Act provides for the delegation of certain regulatory functions. Which statement is correct about delegation?

  1. A delegate acquires all the powers of the regulator permanently
  2. Delegation is prohibited in all circumstances
  3. Delegation removes the regulator's own authority to act
  4. A delegate may exercise only the functions expressly delegated and within any conditions imposed Correct answer.

Explanation

A delegation confers only the specified functions, subject to any conditions, and the delegating authority generally retains its own power to act. Delegation does not transfer the whole of the regulator's authority.

Question 19Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which of the following best describes the application of ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices within PNG?

  1. They apply automatically and directly to all operators without national action
  2. They have no relevance to PNG aviation
  3. They apply only to foreign airlines
  4. They are given effect through PNG's Civil Aviation Rules and associated requirements Correct answer.

Explanation

PNG implements ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices by incorporating them into its national Civil Aviation Rules and related requirements. They are not self-executing and must be given effect through national law.

Question 20Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

An operator discovers that an aircraft has a defect that could affect safety of flight. What is the operator's obligation under the PNG framework before further flight?

  1. The defect may be deferred indefinitely at the pilot's discretion
  2. The aircraft may continue operating if the weather is fine
  3. The defect need only be reported to the manufacturer
  4. The defect must be recorded and rectified or the aircraft grounded in accordance with approved procedures Correct answer.

Explanation

Safety-affecting defects must be recorded and either rectified in accordance with approved maintenance procedures or the aircraft grounded, consistent with the applicable minimum equipment provisions. A pilot cannot indefinitely defer a safety defect or rely on weather alone.

Question 21Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which of the following statements about the regulator's power to vary, suspend or cancel an aviation document is correct?

  1. The regulator may act only after a court conviction
  2. The regulator may act only with the holder's agreement
  3. The regulator has no power to vary documents
  4. The regulator may exercise these powers where the Act's grounds are met, subject to review Correct answer.

Explanation

The Act sets out grounds on which the regulator may vary, suspend or cancel documents, and such decisions are subject to statutory review. The holder's agreement or a prior conviction is not a general precondition.

Question 22Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Which body in PNG is responsible for investigating accidents and serious incidents, as distinct from regulating aviation safety?

  1. The Civil Aviation Safety Authority of PNG
  2. The National Airports Corporation
  3. The Accident Investigation Commission Correct answer.
  4. The Department of Foreign Affairs

Explanation

Accident investigation in PNG is carried out by the Accident Investigation Commission, which is separate from the safety regulator. The regulator's role is oversight and enforcement, not independent accident investigation.

Question 23Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

An operator's air operator certificate specifies the types of aircraft and operations authorised. What is the consequence of operating outside those specifications?

  1. There is no consequence provided the flight is safe
  2. The certificate automatically expands to cover the new operation
  3. The operation is outside the scope of the authorisation and may constitute a breach of the Act and Rules Correct answer.
  4. The pilot's licence is automatically revoked

Explanation

Operating outside the scope of an AOC's specifications is not authorised and may breach the Act and Rules, exposing the operator to enforcement action. Safety of the particular flight does not cure the lack of authorisation, and certificates do not expand automatically.

Question 24Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

What is the effect of a maintenance organisation approval issued under the PNG Civil Aviation Rules?

  1. It permits the organisation to conduct commercial air transport
  2. It replaces the need for licensed individual engineers
  3. It exempts the organisation from inspection
  4. It allows the organisation to certify maintenance within the scope of its approval Correct answer.

Explanation

A maintenance organisation approval authorises the organisation to perform and certify maintenance within the scope defined in the approval. It does not authorise air transport operations, replace individual licensing, or exempt the organisation from oversight.

Question 25Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

The PNG Civil Aviation Act includes provisions on enforcement. Which of the following best describes the range of enforcement tools generally available to the regulator?

  1. Only informal warnings
  2. Administrative measures such as suspension, variation or cancellation, plus prosecution where provided Correct answer.
  3. Only fines imposed by the police
  4. Only criminal prosecution in the courts

Explanation

The Act provides a range of enforcement responses, including administrative action on documents and criminal prosecution where offences are created. The regulator is not limited to a single tool such as informal warnings or court prosecution alone.

Question 26Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

Under the PNG Civil Aviation Act, what is the legal status of the Civil Aviation Rules made by the Minister responsible for civil aviation?

  1. They are advisory guidance that operators may adopt voluntarily as a benchmark of good practice.
  2. They are internal policy documents binding only on staff of the national regulator.
  3. They are ICAO annexes automatically incorporated without any domestic legal effect.
  4. They are subordinate legislation and have binding legal force once made in accordance with the Act. Correct answer.

Explanation

The Civil Aviation Rules are statutory instruments made under the rule-making power conferred by the Civil Aviation Act, so they are subordinate legislation with the force of law. Because they are made under the Act, breach of a rule is a breach of a legal obligation enforceable by the regulator, not merely a departure from advice. Advisory material and ICAO annexes inform the rules but do not themselves create the domestic obligation.

Question 27Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

A person holds a PNG flight crew licence but lets it lapse by failing to complete the required recent experience and renew it. What is the position under the PNG framework if that person continues to act as a flight crew member?

  1. The person may continue because recent experience is an operator requirement, not a licensing matter.
  2. The person is acting without a valid aviation document and commits an offence under the Act. Correct answer.
  3. The person may continue because the licence remains on the register until formally cancelled.
  4. The person may continue provided the operator records the lapse in the training file.

Explanation

A licence is valid only for the period and privileges specified, and exercising the privileges of a lapsed licence means operating without a valid aviation document. The Civil Aviation Act creates offences for acting in a licensed role without holding the required current document. Recording the lapse in company records does not cure the absence of a valid licence.

Question 28Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

An aerodrome operator intends to introduce a new instrument approach procedure at a licensed PNG aerodrome. Which statement best describes how the regulatory framework treats this change?

  1. The procedure may be published locally by the aerodrome operator and used immediately without regulatory involvement.
  2. The procedure must be designed, validated and promulgated in accordance with the applicable Civil Aviation Rules before it is used. Correct answer.
  3. The procedure is exempt from the Rules because it concerns navigation infrastructure rather than aircraft.
  4. The procedure requires only the agreement of the airlines that intend to use it.

Explanation

Instrument flight procedures are part of the regulated aviation system, so they must be designed to the applicable criteria, validated and formally promulgated before operational use. The aerodrome operator cannot simply publish its own procedure, because the Rules govern design, approval and publication. Airline agreement and infrastructure ownership do not displace those requirements.

Question 29Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

A PNG operator wants to carry dangerous goods on a scheduled domestic service. Which statement correctly describes the regulatory position?

  1. Dangerous goods carriage is prohibited entirely for PNG operators on domestic services.
  2. The carriage must comply with the dangerous goods provisions of the Civil Aviation Rules, including training and documentation requirements. Correct answer.
  3. Dangerous goods may be carried domestically without restriction because the Technical Instructions apply only to international flights.
  4. Dangerous goods may be carried if the pilot in command gives verbal consent before departure.

Explanation

The PNG Civil Aviation Rules contain dangerous goods provisions that apply to operations generally and impose requirements for classification, packing, marking, documentation and personnel training. Domestic carriage is not exempt simply because the ICAO Technical Instructions are most often associated with international operations. A verbal consent from the pilot in command cannot replace those requirements.

Question 30Civil Aviation Act and regulatory framework of Papua New Guinea

An operator believes a newly issued Civil Aviation Rule is unreasonable because it imposes costs disproportionate to the safety benefit. The operator wants to challenge the rule itself rather than a decision made under it. Which statement best reflects the position under the PNG framework?

  1. The operator may ignore the rule until the regulator obtains a court order enforcing it.
  2. The rule is subordinate legislation and may be challenged only through the legal avenues available for reviewing such instruments, not through the merits review process for individual aviation decisions. Correct answer.
  3. The operator may seek merits review of the rule before the same body that reviews certificate decisions.
  4. The operator may apply to the regulator to have the rule declared invalid by the regulator's own review panel.

Explanation

Merits review and internal reconsideration processes created by the Act are directed at decisions about individual aviation documents and similar administrative acts, not at the substance of legislative instruments. A challenge to a rule must proceed through the avenues for reviewing subordinate legislation, such as the courts. Unilateral non-compliance is not a lawful response to a rule an operator considers burdensome.

Question 31CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Under the PNG Civil Aviation Rules, who is responsible for ensuring that an aircraft is maintained and operated in an airworthy condition before flight?

  1. The operator's maintenance controller alone
  2. The Civil Aviation Safety Authority PNG inspector
  3. The pilot in command and the operator Correct answer.
  4. The aircraft owner regardless of who operates it

Explanation

PNG rules place airworthiness responsibility jointly on the operator and the pilot in command, who must satisfy themselves the aircraft is airworthy before flight. The operator provides the maintenance system while the pilot in command makes the pre-flight airworthiness decision.

Question 32CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

In PNG Civil Aviation Rule terminology, what does an 'advisory circular' primarily provide?

  1. Airworthiness directives applicable to specific aircraft
  2. Binding requirements carrying the force of a rule
  3. Guidance and acceptable means of compliance Correct answer.
  4. Aircraft registration and marking standards

Explanation

Advisory circulars explain how compliance with a rule may be achieved and describe acceptable means of compliance, but they are not themselves binding requirements. The binding obligation comes from the rule, while the circular offers interpretive guidance.

Question 33CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Which document does a pilot in command normally consult to confirm the operating limitations and performance data for a specific PNG-registered aircraft type?

  1. The PNG Civil Aviation Act
  2. The relevant advisory circular
  3. The aircraft flight manual Correct answer.
  4. The operator's exposition

Explanation

The aircraft flight manual is approved with the type and contains the operating limitations, procedures and performance data for that specific aircraft. Other documents may reference it but do not replace it as the source of type-specific limitations.

Question 34CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Under PNG rules, an aircraft may be operated without a valid certificate of airworthiness in which circumstance?

  1. When the pilot holds an instrument rating
  2. When a specific permit to fly has been issued for the flight Correct answer.
  3. When the operator has lodged a renewal application
  4. When the flight remains within the same province

Explanation

A valid certificate of airworthiness is normally required, but the rules allow flight under a specific permit or authorisation issued by the Authority for particular purposes. Lodging a renewal application alone does not create operating authority.

Question 35CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

A PNG operator wants to begin a new type of commercial air transport operation. What must the operator obtain before conducting the flights?

  1. An aircraft type acceptance certificate only
  2. A maintenance organisation approval only
  3. A foreign operator's permit
  4. An air operator certificate with the appropriate authorisation Correct answer.

Explanation

Commercial air transport requires an air operator certificate, and the specific operation must be authorised under that certificate. Supporting approvals such as maintenance organisation approval or type acceptance are separate and do not by themselves permit commercial operations.

Question 36CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

What is the primary purpose of a Civil Aviation Safety Authority PNG safety directive?

  1. To describe recommended crew duty practices
  2. To record routine maintenance inspections
  3. To mandate corrective action where safety requires it Correct answer.
  4. To publish proposed rule amendments for comment

Explanation

A safety directive is issued to require corrective action when the Authority identifies a safety concern that must be addressed. It is mandatory in nature, unlike advisory material which offers guidance.

Question 37CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

For a flight under visual flight rules in PNG, which responsibility rests with the pilot in command regarding the weather?

  1. Assuming ATC will warn of deteriorating conditions
  2. Relying solely on the forecast issued before departure
  3. Ensuring the flight can be conducted in visual meteorological conditions Correct answer.
  4. Delegating the decision to the operator's duty officer

Explanation

The pilot in command must ensure that the flight is conducted in conditions permitting visual flight and must avoid cloud and reduced visibility. A forecast is planning information, and ATC does not guarantee separation from weather or terrain under VFR.

Question 38CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

In PNG airspace, what does a 'control zone' normally surround?

  1. The entire flight information region boundary
  2. All airspace above flight level 200
  3. A controlled aerodrome and extend from the surface to a specified upper limit Correct answer.
  4. A remote airstrip with no published instrument approach

Explanation

A control zone is established around a controlled aerodrome and extends upward from the surface to a published upper limit. It provides protected airspace for aerodrome traffic and instrument procedures.

Question 39CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

An aircraft is being flown in PNG airspace and the pilot loses radio communication. What is the pilot expected to do first?

  1. Squawk 7700 and turn back to the departure aerodrome
  2. Land at the nearest aerodrome regardless of suitability
  3. Continue on the last assigned route and comply with the applicable lost communication procedures Correct answer.
  4. Immediately descend to the lowest safe altitude and circle

Explanation

Lost communication procedures require the pilot to continue in accordance with the last clearance received and follow the published procedures for the phase of flight. The aim is to maintain a predictable track so that other traffic and ATC can be managed safely.

Question 40CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

What is the standard function of a clearance issued by air traffic control in PNG controlled airspace?

  1. It guarantees separation from all other aircraft at all times
  2. It transfers responsibility for terrain clearance to ATC
  3. It authorises the flight to proceed subject to the conditions specified Correct answer.
  4. It replaces the need for the pilot to hold a licence

Explanation

An ATC clearance authorises the flight to proceed under stated conditions and must be read back and complied with. It does not remove the pilot's responsibility for terrain clearance or for complying with regulations.

Question 41CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Under PNG rules, what is the primary purpose of the aircraft maintenance programme approved for an operator?

  1. To record pilot licences and medical certificates
  2. To list the crew duty limits for each route
  3. To specify the commercial fare structure
  4. To ensure the aircraft is maintained to an airworthy standard at the intervals specified Correct answer.

Explanation

An approved maintenance programme sets out the scheduled tasks and intervals needed to keep the aircraft airworthy. It is part of the operator's maintenance control system and is approved by the Authority.

Question 42CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

In PNG, what does the 'certificate of registration' for an aircraft establish?

  1. That the aircraft is airworthy
  2. That the aircraft is entered on the national register Correct answer.
  3. That the aircraft complies with its type certificate
  4. That the operator is financially solvent

Explanation

A certificate of registration records the aircraft on the national register and identifies the registered owner. It says nothing about the airworthiness or design status of the aircraft.

Question 43CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Which of the following best describes the role of an approved maintenance organisation under PNG rules?

  1. It certifies the airworthiness of the entire operator's fleet
  2. It sets the air navigation charges for the State
  3. It performs and certifies maintenance within the scope of its approval Correct answer.
  4. It issues pilot licences to maintenance engineers

Explanation

An approved maintenance organisation is authorised to carry out maintenance and issue certification only within the scope of its approval. Its authority is bounded by the ratings and limitations granted by the Authority.

Question 44CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

A pilot is planning a flight and the destination aerodrome has no published instrument approach. What must the pilot consider under PNG rules?

  1. That ATC will provide a surveillance approach
  2. That the aerodrome automatically becomes controlled
  3. That the flight may proceed under IFR without restriction
  4. That the flight must be conducted under VFR or another approved procedure Correct answer.

Explanation

Where no instrument approach procedure is published, an IFR flight cannot rely on one, so the pilot must plan under visual flight rules or under a specifically approved procedure. The absence of a published approach is a planning limitation that must be resolved before departure.

Question 45CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

What does the PNG rules require regarding the carriage of documents on board an aircraft during flight?

  1. Only the maintenance release may be carried electronically
  2. No documents need be carried if the operator holds them ashore
  3. Only the pilot's licence needs to be carried
  4. The certificate of registration and certificate of airworthiness must be carried Correct answer.

Explanation

The rules require the certificate of registration and certificate of airworthiness to be carried on board, along with other specified documents such as the flight manual where required. Keeping copies ashore does not satisfy the carriage requirement.

Question 46CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Which of the following is a key element of the flight and duty time limitations applicable to PNG commercial operations?

  1. A fixed maximum number of sectors per year
  2. Limits on flight time and required rest periods Correct answer.
  3. A minimum number of hours flown per month
  4. A requirement to carry a second pilot on all flights

Explanation

Flight and duty time rules set maximum flight time and duty periods together with minimum rest requirements to manage crew fatigue. They do not mandate a second pilot or a minimum flying rate.

Question 47CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Under PNG rules, what is required before an aircraft may be dispatched on a flight following a defect that affects airworthiness?

  1. The pilot may defer any defect at their discretion
  2. The defect must be reported only after landing
  3. The defect may be ignored if the flight is short
  4. The defect must be deferred only if permitted by an approved deferral procedure Correct answer.

Explanation

A defect affecting airworthiness must be rectified, or deferred only if the approved minimum equipment or deferral procedure permits it. The pilot cannot unilaterally defer defects outside the approved process.

Question 48CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

What is the purpose of the minimum equipment list concept in PNG operations?

  1. To list the minimum crew required for each flight
  2. To specify the minimum runway length for each type
  3. To allow operation with specified equipment inoperative under defined conditions Correct answer.
  4. To define the minimum fuel for each route

Explanation

A minimum equipment list allows dispatch with particular items of equipment inoperative, subject to defined conditions and limitations. It provides a controlled way to manage certain defects without compromising safety.

Question 49CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

A PNG operator wishes to carry dangerous goods. What must the operator ensure before accepting the consignment?

  1. That the goods are packaged, marked and documented in accordance with the applicable dangerous goods requirements Correct answer.
  2. That the goods are carried only in the passenger cabin
  3. That the pilot personally loads all dangerous goods
  4. That the consignment is declared non-hazardous

Explanation

Carriage of dangerous goods requires compliance with the applicable technical instructions covering classification, packaging, marking, labelling and documentation. The operator must also ensure crew are trained and the consignment is accepted through a controlled process.

Question 50CASA PNG rules and advisory publications (PNG Civil Aviation Rules, advisory circulars)

Under PNG rules, what does the 'pilot in command' mean in relation to a flight?

  1. The pilot designated by the operator as responsible for the flight Correct answer.
  2. The pilot who holds the highest licence grade
  3. The pilot who files the flight plan
  4. The most senior pilot on the operator's roster

Explanation

The pilot in command is the pilot designated by the operator, or in some cases the owner, as responsible for the conduct of the flight. The designation carries final authority and responsibility for the flight.