Enforcement, Offences, Penalties and Liability
What this domain tests
This final domain examines how PNG enforces aviation law: offences under the Civil Aviation Act and rules, infringement and show-cause processes, suspension or revocation of certificates and licences, appeal rights, and liability for unsafe maintenance or operation. It tests the difference between certificate action and criminal prosecution.
Enforcement framework
- The Act creates offences and penalties; the rules create binding requirements whose breach can support enforcement.
- CASA PNG may issue notices, require corrective action, suspend or revoke a licence or certificate, or refer a matter for prosecution.
- Show-cause procedures give the holder an opportunity to respond before adverse certificate action.
- Appeal rights exist under the Act; the available route depends on the decision type.
- Individuals and organisations can both be liable; a maintenance organisation's procedures do not excuse an individual's false certification.
Worked example
An unlicensed person signs a maintenance release for a repair. CASA PNG investigates. The false certification can support prosecution for an offence and certificate action against any involved organisation. The fact that a supervisor approved the paperwork does not make the signature valid. The engineer who actually certified must hold the correct privilege and act within it.
Traps that cost marks
Assuming enforcement requires a criminal conviction first; confusing suspension with prosecution; ignoring show-cause and appeal time limits; and thinking company authorisation excuses an individual who signs outside the licence.