CAAP PPL Knowledge Exam study plan

Diagram the airframe, flight-control, hydraulic, electrical, and fuel systems from memory and label each component's failure consequence.

Explain the four-stroke cycle, carburettor and fuel-injection metering, and constant-speed propeller operation in writing without notes.

Derive and state the four forces in steady flight and explain how each changes in climb, descent, and turn.

Compute indicated, calibrated, true, and equivalent airspeed conversions for five sample cruise conditions.

Build a one-page instrument-panel map linking each flight instrument to the pressure source or gyro it depends on.

Outline the structure of Philippine civil aviation regulation, identifying which office issues airworthiness certificates, pilot licences, and operating approvals.

List the documents that must be carried on board a VFR flight and state the validity period and renewal conditions for a PPL.

State the VFR meteorological minima, fuel-reserve requirement, and cruising-altitude rule applicable to Philippine domestic VFR flights.

Sequence the pre-flight, engine-start, taxi, run-up, and departure checks and justify each item's purpose.

Describe the actions and reporting duties after an incident or accident, including which authority is notified first.

Decode a METAR and TAF line by line, correctly interpreting wind, visibility, cloud, temperature, and pressure groups.

Explain how pressure altitude, density altitude, and temperature degrade take-off, climb, and landing performance, with worked examples.

Compute a mass-and-balance check for a sample load, including the centre-of-gravity position and whether it falls inside the envelope.

Identify the conditions that produce thunderstorms, low-level wind shear, and mountain-wave turbulence in a tropical maritime climate.

Interpret the significance of QNH, QFE, and QNE and convert between them for three sample aerodrome elevations.

Plot a three-leg cross-country on a chart, measuring true track and distance and applying wind to obtain heading, groundspeed, and time en route.

Compute magnetic heading from true heading using variation and deviation, and state the sign convention for each.

Explain the operating principle and cockpit indications of VOR, DME, ADF, ILS, and GNSS, and state one failure mode of each.

Describe how to intercept and track a radial or bearing, including the reverse-sensing error and how to correct it.

Calculate a dead-reckoning position after a diversion and state the fuel and time remaining at that point.

Explain hypoxia, hyperventilation, spatial disorientation, and carbon-monoxide poisoning, and state the recognition cue and corrective action for each.

Describe the effects of fatigue, dehydration, and alcohol on judgement, and state the relevant rest and bottle-to-throttle limits.

Deliver standard VFR radiotelephony calls for departure, position report, joining, and landing without reading a script.

Read back a clearance containing a heading, altitude, and frequency, and identify the read-back errors in three recorded examples.

State the phonetic alphabet and standard phraseology for numbers, altitudes, and frequencies from memory.

Solve ten mixed numerical problems combining density altitude, take-off distance, climb gradient, and landing roll.

Explain load factor in turns and calculate the stall-speed increase at 45 and 60 degrees of bank.

Trace the electrical and vacuum-system failure consequences through to the affected instruments and state the partial-panel recovery.

Recompute a mass-and-balance problem after adding fuel and baggage to a near-limit load and state whether the flight is legal.

Explain the causes and symptoms of carburettor icing and the conditions under which it is most likely.

Answer 25 mixed air-law and meteorology items under time pressure and justify each answer with the governing rule or weather principle.

Interpret a three-day weather outlook and decide whether a planned VFR cross-country should proceed, be delayed, or be cancelled, stating the reasons.

Recalculate the week-4 navigation log for a changed wind and a 15-knot headwind on the return leg.

List the airspace, altimeter-setting, and communication requirements that change when crossing from uncontrolled to controlled airspace.

Identify the documentation and currency requirements that would invalidate a planned flight.

Complete two full-length timed mock exams and record the score and time for each domain.

Rank domains by mock-exam score and re-drill the two weakest with targeted questions until each reaches 80%.

Recite emergency phraseology and lost-communication procedures for VFR without reference to notes.

Review every missed item from weeks 1-7 and confirm each is now answered correctly from memory.

State the personal minimums and decision points you will apply on the practical test.