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Pakistan Army Medical Cadet Route study materials
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Pakistan Army Medical Cadet Route practice questions

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Question 1Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Find the next number in the series: 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ?

  1. 40
  2. 39
  3. 38 Correct answer.
  4. 36

Explanation

The gaps between consecutive terms grow by two each time: +3, +5, +7, +9. The next gap must therefore be +11, and 27 + 11 = 38.

Question 2Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Three of the following numbers are perfect cubes. Which one is not?

  1. 100 Correct answer.
  2. 64
  3. 8
  4. 27

Explanation

8 = 2³, 27 = 3³ and 64 = 4³, so each of those is a perfect cube of a whole number. 100 lies between 4³ = 64 and 5³ = 125 and is not the cube of any whole number.

Question 3Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Book is to Pages as Ladder is to ______

  1. Wood
  2. Height
  3. Climbing
  4. Rungs Correct answer.

Explanation

A book is built from pages in the same way a ladder is built from rungs, so the second word names the repeated parts that make up the whole object. The link is part-to-whole, not purpose or material.

Question 4Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Complete the letter series: A, C, F, J, O, ?

  1. U Correct answer.
  2. T
  3. V
  4. S

Explanation

The letters move forward by 2, 3, 4 and then 5 places: A→C, C→F, F→J, J→O. The next step is 6 places beyond O, and O is the 15th letter, so 15 + 6 = 21, which is U.

Question 5Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

If A = 1, B = 2, C = 3 and so on up to Z = 26, which letter lies three places to the right of the letter whose value is 11?

  1. L
  2. M
  3. N Correct answer.
  4. O

Explanation

The letter with value 11 is K. Counting three places to the right from K gives L (12), M (13) and N (14), so the required letter is N.

Question 6Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Which of the following numbers is a prime number?

  1. 51
  2. 61 Correct answer.
  3. 63
  4. 57

Explanation

A prime number has exactly two factors, 1 and itself. 61 is not divisible by 2, 3, 5 or 7, so it is prime, whereas 51 = 3 × 17, 57 = 3 × 19 and 63 = 3 × 21 are all composite.

Question 7Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

A man walks 5 km north, turns right and walks 3 km, then turns right again and walks 5 km. How far is he from his starting point?

  1. 5 km
  2. 8 km
  3. 3 km Correct answer.
  4. 2 km

Explanation

The first and third legs are equal and opposite, going north and then south, so they cancel each other out. Only the 3 km eastward leg remains, leaving him 3 km from the start.

Question 8Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a row of 20 children, Ali is 7th from the left end. What is his position from the right end?

  1. 15th
  2. 14th Correct answer.
  3. 13th
  4. 12th

Explanation

The position from the right equals the total number of children minus the position from the left, plus one. So 20 − 7 + 1 = 14, meaning Ali is 14th from the right end.

Question 9Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a certain code, CAT is written as DBU. How is DOG written in that code?

  1. FOH
  2. DPH
  3. EPH Correct answer.
  4. EPG

Explanation

Each letter of the word is shifted one place forward in the alphabet: C→D, A→B and T→U. Applying the same shift to DOG gives D→E, O→P and G→H, that is EPH.

Question 10Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Pointing to a photograph, Rahul said, "She is the daughter of my grandfather's only son." How is the girl in the photograph related to Rahul?

  1. Aunt
  2. Cousin
  3. Niece
  4. Sister Correct answer.

Explanation

Rahul's grandfather has only one son, and that son must be Rahul's own father. The daughter of Rahul's father is therefore Rahul's sister.

Question 11Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Statements: All roses are flowers. All flowers are plants. Which conclusion definitely follows?

  1. No rose is a plant
  2. Only some roses are plants
  3. Some plants are not flowers
  4. All roses are plants Correct answer.

Explanation

The two premises form a chain: every rose belongs to the group of flowers, and every flower belongs to the group of plants. Every rose must therefore also belong to the plants.

Question 12Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

If '+' means '×', '×' means '−', '−' means '÷' and '÷' means '+', what is the value of 12 + 3 ÷ 6 − 2?

  1. 9
  2. 12
  3. 36
  4. 39 Correct answer.

Explanation

Replacing each sign with its new meaning gives 12 × 3 + 6 ÷ 2. Working in the order of operations, 12 × 3 = 36 and 6 ÷ 2 = 3, and 36 + 3 = 39.

Question 13Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a grid the first row reads 2, 4, 10; the second row reads 3, 6, 21; the third row reads 4, 8, ?. Which number replaces the question mark?

  1. 40
  2. 32
  3. 28
  4. 36 Correct answer.

Explanation

In each row the third number equals (first number × second number) + first number. Checking: 2 × 4 + 2 = 10 and 3 × 6 + 3 = 21, so the third row gives 4 × 8 + 4 = 36.

Question 14Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

What is the angle between the hour hand and the minute hand of a clock at 3:30?

  1. 60°
  2. 75° Correct answer.
  3. 90°
  4. 105°

Explanation

At 3:30 the minute hand points at 6, which is 180° from 12. The hour hand has travelled half way between 3 and 4, giving 3 × 30 + 15 = 105°, so the gap is 180 − 105 = 75°.

Question 15Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a class of 40 students, 25 play cricket, 20 play hockey and 10 play both games. How many students play neither game?

  1. 10
  2. 15
  3. 5 Correct answer.
  4. 0

Explanation

The number playing at least one game is 25 + 20 − 10 = 35, because the 10 students who play both were counted twice. Subtracting this from the class total gives 40 − 35 = 5 students who play neither.

Question 16Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Which word comes third when the words Nation, Native, Natural and Nasty are arranged in alphabetical order?

  1. Nation
  2. Nasty
  3. Natural
  4. Native Correct answer.

Explanation

Comparing letters from the left, Nasty comes first because 's' precedes 't'. Among the three words beginning 'Nat', Nation comes before Native (o before v) and Natural follows both (u after i), so the order is Nasty, Nation, Native, Natural.

Question 17Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

A father is three times as old as his son. In 12 years he will be twice as old as his son. What is the son's present age?

  1. 14 years
  2. 10 years
  3. 8 years
  4. 12 years Correct answer.

Explanation

Let the son's age be s, so the father is 3s. In 12 years, 3s + 12 = 2(s + 12), which simplifies to 3s + 12 = 2s + 24 and gives s = 12.

Question 18Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a row of seven persons facing north, A is at the extreme left end and D is at the extreme right end. B is third to the right of A, and C is second to the left of D. What is B's position from the right end?

  1. 2nd
  2. 4th Correct answer.
  3. 5th
  4. 3rd

Explanation

Numbering the seats 1 to 7 from the left, A occupies seat 1, so B sits on seat 1 + 3 = 4. A person on seat 4 of 7 is 7 − 4 + 1 = 4th from the right end.

Question 19Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Statement: Every student in the class passed the examination. Conclusions: I. Some students scored above 90 per cent. II. No student failed. Which conclusion follows?

  1. Both I and II follow
  2. Only II follows Correct answer.
  3. Neither I nor II follows
  4. Only I follows

Explanation

The statement guarantees only that everyone passed, and that is exactly what conclusion II says. It gives no information about marks, so conclusion I cannot be drawn from it.

Question 20Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

P is taller than Q, R is shorter than Q, and S is taller than P. Who is the tallest?

  1. R
  2. S Correct answer.
  3. P
  4. Q

Explanation

Combining the three clues gives the chain S > P > Q > R, since S exceeds P, P exceeds Q and Q exceeds R. S therefore stands at the top of the order.

Question 21Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

If 1 January 2024 was a Monday, what day of the week was 1 March 2024?

  1. Friday Correct answer.
  2. Thursday
  3. Saturday
  4. Wednesday

Explanation

2024 is a leap year, so January has 31 days and February has 29, a total of 60 days between the two dates. Since 60 ÷ 7 leaves a remainder of 4, the day shifts four places from Monday, giving Friday.

Question 22Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

A cube is painted on all its faces and then cut into 27 equal smaller cubes. How many of the small cubes have exactly two painted faces?

  1. 12 Correct answer.
  2. 18
  3. 6
  4. 8

Explanation

Cutting into 27 pieces gives a 3 × 3 × 3 arrangement, where exactly two painted faces occur on the cubes sitting in the middle of each edge. A cube has 12 edges and each contributes one such piece, giving 12.

Question 23Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

What is the value of x? Statement I: x + y = 10. Statement II: y = 4 and x − y = 2.

  1. I alone is sufficient
  2. II alone is sufficient Correct answer.
  3. Even together the statements are insufficient
  4. Both statements together are needed

Explanation

Statement II already fixes y at 4 and gives x − y = 2, which yields x = 6 without any further help. Statement I contains two unknowns and only becomes useful once y is known, so it adds nothing beyond what II supplies.

Question 24Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

All boys in a class play football. Some football players are tall. Which conclusion must be true?

  1. All tall persons play football
  2. All boys are tall
  3. No boy is tall
  4. Some tall persons play football Correct answer.

Explanation

The second premise states that the group of football players and the group of tall persons overlap. Whenever some football players are tall, at least one tall person is a football player, which is exactly what the correct option says.

Question 25Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a queue, A is 15th from the front and B is 20th from the back. After A and B exchange places, A is 20th from the front. How many people are in the queue?

  1. 38
  2. 35
  3. 40
  4. 39 Correct answer.

Explanation

After the swap, A stands in B's old position, so B was 20th from the front as well as 20th from the back. The total is 20 + 20 − 1 = 39, subtracting one because the shared position is counted twice.

Question 26Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

What number comes next in the series 3, 6, 11, 18, ?

  1. 25
  2. 27 Correct answer.
  3. 29
  4. 31

Explanation

The differences between consecutive terms are 3, 5 and 7, which increase by 2 each time. The next difference should therefore be 9, and 18 + 9 = 27.

Question 27Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Which one is different from the others: Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango?

  1. Carrot Correct answer.
  2. Mango
  3. Banana
  4. Apple

Explanation

Apple, banana and mango are fruits, while carrot is a vegetable. The odd item is therefore carrot.

Question 28Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Book is to Reading as Fork is to ___.

  1. Writing
  2. Drawing
  3. Swimming
  4. Eating Correct answer.

Explanation

A book is an object used for reading, so the analogy asks for the activity associated with a fork. A fork is used for eating.

Question 29Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

A person is facing south. He turns 90 degrees clockwise. Which direction is he facing now?

  1. North
  2. West Correct answer.
  3. South
  4. East

Explanation

Turning clockwise from south by 90 degrees moves the facing direction to west. On a compass, the clockwise order is north, east, south, west.

Question 30Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

If TREE is coded as EERT, how is LEAF coded?

  1. AEFL
  2. FAEL Correct answer.
  3. LEAF
  4. FLEA

Explanation

The code simply reverses the order of the letters in the word. Reversing LEAF gives FAEL.

Question 31Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

P is the father of Q. Q is the sister of R. How is P related to R?

  1. Uncle
  2. Son
  3. Father Correct answer.
  4. Brother

Explanation

Since Q is the sister of R, Q and R are siblings. If P is Q's father, then P is also R's father.

Question 32Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Statements: Some pens are red. All red objects are shiny. Conclusions: I. Some pens are shiny. II. All shiny objects are pens. Which conclusion(s) definitely follow?

  1. Both follow
  2. Only I follows Correct answer.
  3. Only II follows
  4. Neither follows

Explanation

The pens that are red must also be shiny because all red objects are shiny, so conclusion I follows. Conclusion II reverses the relationship and cannot be inferred.

Question 33Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Five friends A, B, C, D and E sit in a row facing north. B is at the extreme left and E is at the extreme right. C sits immediately to the right of A. D sits between C and E. Who sits in the middle?

  1. A
  2. C Correct answer.
  3. B
  4. D

Explanation

With B at the left end and E at the right end, the arrangement is B, A, C, D, E. C occupies the third of five positions, which is the middle.

Question 34Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

How many times do the hour and minute hands of a clock coincide in 12 hours?

  1. 13
  2. 9
  3. 11 Correct answer.
  4. 12

Explanation

In 12 hours the minute hand makes 12 complete turns while the hour hand makes 1. The minute hand gains 11 full turns on the hour hand, giving 11 coincidences.

Question 35Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

If 15 August 2023 was a Tuesday, what day was 15 August 2024?

  1. Tuesday
  2. Wednesday
  3. Thursday Correct answer.
  4. Saturday

Explanation

The period from 15 August 2023 to 15 August 2024 includes 29 February 2024, so it contains 366 days. That is 2 days more than 52 weeks, so Tuesday shifts forward by 2 days to Thursday.

Question 36Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

If the alarm rings, the door opens. The door did not open. Which conclusion is certain?

  1. The door was locked
  2. It rang
  3. It did not ring Correct answer.
  4. The alarm was faulty

Explanation

The statement 'if the alarm rings, the door opens' has the contrapositive 'if the door did not open, the alarm did not ring'. This contrapositive is logically certain.

Question 37Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

A cube is painted on all faces and then cut into 64 equal smaller cubes. How many small cubes have exactly one face painted?

  1. 16
  2. 32
  3. 8
  4. 24 Correct answer.

Explanation

The cube is cut into a 4 by 4 by 4 arrangement. On each face, the inner squares that do not touch an edge number (4 - 2)^2 = 4, and there are 6 faces, giving 6 × 4 = 24.

Question 38Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

In a code, each letter of a word is moved one step forward in the alphabet if it is in an odd position and one step backward if it is in an even position. How is PLANT coded?

  1. PKBMU
  2. QKBNU
  3. QKBMV
  4. QKBMU Correct answer.

Explanation

Apply the rule position by position: P + 1 = Q, L - 1 = K, A + 1 = B, N - 1 = M, and T + 1 = U. The coded word is therefore QKBMU.

Question 39Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

A, B, C, D and E are five students with different scores. A scored more than B but less than C. D scored less than B. E scored more than C. Who scored the highest?

  1. A
  2. E Correct answer.
  3. C
  4. D

Explanation

Combining the comparisons gives E > C > A > B > D. The student at the top of this chain is E.

Question 40Intelligence and Verbal/Non-Verbal Reasoning

Which letter pair comes next in the series AZ, BY, CX, ?

  1. DX
  2. DV
  3. EW
  4. DW Correct answer.

Explanation

The first letters move forward alphabetically: A, B, C, D. The second letters move backward alphabetically: Z, Y, X, W. The next pair is therefore DW.

Question 41Biology

Deficiency of which vitamin causes night blindness?

  1. Vitamin C
  2. Vitamin K
  3. Vitamin A Correct answer.
  4. Vitamin B12

Explanation

Vitamin A is needed to form rhodopsin, the light-sensitive pigment of rod cells, so a deficiency impairs vision in dim light and can lead to night blindness.

Question 42Biology

The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the:

  1. ureter
  2. nephron Correct answer.
  3. glomerulus
  4. alveolus

Explanation

Each kidney contains about a million nephrons, and each nephron filters plasma and then modifies the filtrate to form urine.

Question 43Biology

In human blood, oxygen is transported mainly bound to:

  1. bicarbonate
  2. fibrinogen
  3. albumin
  4. haemoglobin Correct answer.

Explanation

Haemoglobin is an iron-containing protein inside erythrocytes that binds oxygen reversibly, and roughly 98% of blood oxygen is carried in this form.

Question 44Biology

In plant cells, photosynthesis takes place in the:

  1. mitochondrion
  2. ribosome
  3. Golgi apparatus
  4. chloroplast Correct answer.

Explanation

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and the enzymes of the Calvin cycle, so both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions occur inside them.

Question 45Biology

The normal diploid chromosome number of a human somatic cell is:

  1. 46 Correct answer.
  2. 23
  3. 92
  4. 44

Explanation

Human body cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, giving 46 in total, with one chromosome of each pair inherited from each parent.

Question 46Biology

Which formed element of blood is essential for the formation of the platelet plug?

  1. platelets Correct answer.
  2. erythrocytes
  3. monocytes
  4. lymphocytes

Explanation

Platelets adhere to damaged endothelium and release factors that trigger the clotting cascade and plug the vessel wall.

Question 47Biology

The approximate pH of gastric juice in the human stomach is:

  1. 7.4
  2. 6.0
  3. 9.0
  4. 2.0 Correct answer.

Explanation

Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid, giving gastric juice a pH of roughly 1.5 to 3.5, which kills ingested microbes and activates pepsin.

Question 48Biology

The largest organ of the human body is the:

  1. skin Correct answer.
  2. brain
  3. liver
  4. lung

Explanation

The skin covers the whole body surface and is the largest organ in terms of both mass and area, forming the main protective barrier.

Question 49Biology

Enzymes increase the rate of a biochemical reaction by:

  1. raising the activation energy
  2. increasing substrate concentration
  3. changing the equilibrium constant
  4. lowering the activation energy Correct answer.

Explanation

An enzyme provides an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, so a greater fraction of substrate molecules has enough energy to react.

Question 50Biology

According to the base-pairing rule, the amount of guanine in a DNA molecule always equals the amount of:

  1. adenine
  2. cytosine Correct answer.
  3. uracil
  4. thymine

Explanation

In DNA, guanine pairs with cytosine through three hydrogen bonds, so the two bases occur in equal amounts in double-stranded DNA.