PPSC One-Paper MCQ flashcards
PPSC One-Paper MCQ · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Subject-verb agreement
- A singular subject takes a singular verb; compound subjects joined by 'and' take a plural verb, while 'or/nor' agree with the nearer subject.
- Active vs passive voice
- Active voice has the subject performing the action; passive voice places the object as subject and adds 'by' plus the doer optionally.
- Reported speech shift
- In indirect speech, present tense shifts to past, 'this' to 'that', and questions become statement order without a question mark.
- Gerund vs infinitive
- Gerunds follow prepositions and verbs like enjoy, avoid, suggest; infinitives follow want, decide, hope, manage, and most adjectives.
- اردو میں واحد جمع
- اردو میں واحد سے جمع بنانے کے لیے آخر میں 'یں' یا 'ات' لگایا جاتا ہے، جیسے کتاب سے کتابیں اور لڑکا سے لڑکے۔
- محاورہ اور ضرب المثل
- محاورہ الفاظ کا ایسا مجموعہ ہے جس کا معنی لفظی نہیں ہوتا، جبکہ ضرب المثل ایک مکمل جملہ ہوتی ہے جو نصیحت یا تجربہ بیان کرے۔
- ارکانِ اسلام
- اسلام کے پانچ ارکان ہیں: شہادت، نماز، روزہ، زکوٰۃ اور حج؛ ہر ایک مسلمان پر استطاعت کے مطابق فرض یا لازم ہے۔
- Ethics: normative vs meta-ethics
- Normative ethics prescribes what actions are right; meta-ethics analyses the meaning of moral language and the nature of moral truth.
- قراردادِ لاہور 1940
- 23 مارچ 1940 کو لاہور میں مسلم لیگ نے علیحدہ مسلم وطن کا مطالبہ منظور کیا؛ اجلاس کی صدارت سر فضلِ حق پہاڑی نے کی۔
- Pakistan constitutions
- Pakistan's first constitution was enforced in 1956, the second in 1962, and the third and current constitution in 1973 under Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
- SAARC founding
- The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation was founded in 1985 with its secretariat in Kathmandu, Nepal; Pakistan is a founding member.
- CPEC corridor
- The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor links Gwadar Port to Kashgar in China through roads, railways and pipelines as part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
- Speed of light
- Light travels in vacuum at approximately 3 × 10^8 metres per second, which is the universal upper limit for information transfer.
- Boyle's law
- At constant temperature, the pressure of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its volume, so PV remains constant.
- Simple interest formula
- Simple interest equals principal × rate × time divided by 100; the amount is principal plus interest without compounding.
- Average speed round trip
- For a round trip at speeds u and v, average speed is 2uv divided by (u + v), not the simple mean of the two speeds.
- Combination formula
- The number of ways to choose r items from n without regard to order is n! divided by r! times (n − r)!.
- RAM vs ROM
- RAM is volatile working memory cleared on power loss; ROM is non-volatile and stores firmware such as the BIOS or UEFI.
- OSI model layers
- The seven OSI layers are Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation and Application, from bottom to top.
- Malware types
- Viruses attach to files, worms self-replicate across networks, trojans disguise as legitimate software, and ransomware encrypts data for ransom.
- Longitude and time zones
- Longitude lines run pole to pole; every 15 degrees of longitude corresponds to one hour of time difference on Earth.
- Major world rivers
- The Nile is the longest river, the Amazon carries the largest discharge, and the Yangtze is the longest river in Asia.
- Tropics and circles
- The Equator is at 0 degrees, the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn at 23.5 degrees north and south, and the Arctic Circle at 66.5 degrees north.
- Modus ponens
- A valid argument form: if P implies Q and P is true, then Q must be true; it is the basic rule of conditional reasoning.
- Modus tollens
- A valid argument form: if P implies Q and Q is false, then P must be false; it is the contrapositive of modus ponens.
- De Morgan's laws
- The negation of a conjunction equals the disjunction of negations, and the negation of a disjunction equals the conjunction of negations.
- Affirming the consequent
- An invalid argument form: if P implies Q and Q is true, concluding P is a fallacy because other causes may produce Q.
- Denying the antecedent
- An invalid argument form: if P implies Q and P is false, concluding Q is false is a fallacy since Q may arise independently.
- Contrapositive equivalence
- The contrapositive of P implies Q is not-Q implies not-P; it is logically equivalent, unlike the converse or inverse.
- Absolute vs relative reference
- In spreadsheets, A1 is relative and shifts when copied; $A$1 is absolute and stays fixed; $A1 or A$1 is mixed.
- Zakat rate and nisab
- Zakat is 2.5 percent of qualifying wealth held for one lunar year above the nisab threshold, given to specified categories of recipients.
- Pakistan's neighbours
- Pakistan borders India to the east, China to the north, Afghanistan to the northwest, Iran to the southwest, and the Arabian Sea to the south.