Praxis Health & PE 5857 flashcards
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33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Health Belief Model
- A behavior theory holding that action depends on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers, plus self-efficacy and cues to action.
- Transtheoretical Model stages
- Behavior change progresses through precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance, with relapse possible at any stage.
- Self-efficacy
- A person's confidence in their ability to perform a specific behavior successfully; a central construct of Social Cognitive Theory.
- Reciprocal determinism
- Social Cognitive Theory principle that personal factors, behavior, and environment continuously influence one another in both directions.
- SMART goals
- A goal-setting framework requiring objectives to be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound for effective behavior planning.
- FITT principle
- A framework for exercise prescription specifying Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of activity to meet fitness goals.
- Target heart rate
- An exercise intensity range computed as (220 minus age) multiplied by 60 to 85 percent of estimated maximum heart rate.
- Body mass index
- A screening ratio of weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; 25 to 29.9 is overweight, 30 or above is obese.
- Health literacy
- The capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.
- Tobacco use risk
- Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, linked to cancer, heart disease, and lung disease.
- Communicable disease prevention
- Hand hygiene, vaccination, and safe food handling reduce transmission of infectious agents between people or through vehicles.
- Nutrient density
- The amount of beneficial nutrients per calorie of food; low nutrient density foods supply energy with few vitamins or minerals.
- Standard drink definition
- In the US, one standard drink contains about 14 grams of pure alcohol, as in 12 oz beer or 5 oz wine.
- Refusal skills
- Interpersonal communication strategies that let a person firmly decline an offer of risky behavior while maintaining relationships and safety.
- I-message
- A conflict-resolution statement format describing the speaker's feeling and the behavior's effect without blaming the other person.
- Mental health stigma
- Negative beliefs and stereotypes about mental illness that discourage help-seeking and reduce access to treatment.
- Health-related fitness
- The five components linked to health outcomes: cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition.
- Skill-related fitness
- Six performance components: agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed, supporting sport and movement performance.
- Progressive overload
- The training principle that gradually increasing demand on the body produces continued adaptation and fitness improvement.
- Principle of specificity
- Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity performed, so training must match the desired outcome.
- FITT-VP
- An extension of FITT adding Volume and Progression to Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type for complete exercise program design.
- Phosphagen system
- The ATP-CP energy system supplying immediate maximal effort for roughly 10 seconds before other systems dominate.
- Aerobic energy system
- The oxygen-dependent system that dominates steady-state activity lasting beyond about two to three minutes.
- Dynamic warm-up
- Active movements through a range of motion that raise muscle temperature and prepare the body before vigorous activity.
- Static stretching timing
- Sustained end-range stretching is most effective after activity when muscles are warm, not immediately before explosive performance.
- Locomotor skills
- Fundamental movement patterns that move the body through space, such as running, hopping, skipping, jumping, and galloping.
- Manipulative skills
- Fundamental skills involving objects, including throwing, catching, striking, kicking, and dribbling, developed after early locomotor skills.
- Psychomotor domain order
- Bloom's movement taxonomy: perception, set, guided response, mechanism, complex overt response, adaptation, and origination.
- Adapted physical education
- Individualized physical education programming that modifies space, task, or equipment so students with disabilities participate fully.
- Formative assessment
- Ongoing checks during instruction, such as observation checklists or peer feedback, used to adjust teaching in real time.
- Summative assessment
- End-of-unit measurement of student learning, such as a fitness test or skills rubric, used to assign grades or evaluate outcomes.
- Muscular endurance
- The ability of a muscle group to perform repeated contractions against resistance over an extended period without fatiguing.
- Flexibility definition
- The range of motion available at a joint, influenced by muscle length, joint structure, and connective tissue.