Russia Primary Medical Accreditation - General Medicine study guide
Russia Primary Medical Accreditation - General Medicine · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
Primary Specialized Accreditation (первичная специализированная аккредитация) is the Russian procedure by which a physician who has completed residency-level training in general medicine (therapy) is admitted to independent practice as a врач-терапевт. It is a post-graduate entry-to-practice hurdle rather than a university graduation test, so candidates are expected to already hold a medical degree and completed specialty training. The Russia Primary Medical Accreditation - General Medicine study guide has 12 sections and about 3,655 words.
01Internal Medicine / Therapeutics: General Adult Care
General therapeutic reasoning starts with a structured clinical assessment: complaint, history, risk factors, physical examination, then a targeted work-up. Candidates should master the syndromic approach to fever, weight loss, fatigue, edema, and dyspnea, and know when a finding is a red flag requiring urgent referral.
241 words, about 1 min02Cardiology
Cardiology questions reward a disciplined sequence: symptoms and risk factors, ECG interpretation, then imaging and biomarkers. Candidates must read an ECG systematically: rate, rhythm, axis, intervals (PR, QRS, QT), ST-T changes, and Q waves.
243 words, about 1 min03Pulmonology
Pulmonary reasoning centers on pattern recognition of dyspnea, cough, and sputum, plus spirometry interpretation. Candidates must distinguish obstructive (reduced FEV1/FVC ratio) from restrictive (reduced FVC with preserved or increased ratio) patterns, and know when to order chest imaging versus spirometry first.
225 words, about 1 min04Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Gastroenterology questions test a location-based approach to abdominal pain, plus recognition of bleeding, obstruction, and liver dysfunction. Candidates must know the alarm features in dyspepsia (weight loss, dysphagia, anemia, age) that mandate endoscopy, and the difference between upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding presentations.
210 words, about 1 min05Endocrinology and Metabolism
Endocrine questions require pattern-based diagnosis using dynamic tests and an understanding of feedback loops. Candidates must master diabetes: diagnostic criteria, distinction between type 1 and type 2, acute complications (diabetic ketoacidosis vs hyperosmolar state), and chronic complication screening.
240 words, about 1 min06Nephrology and Fluid/Electrolyte Disorders
Nephrology questions combine acid-base interpretation, electrolyte correction, and acute versus chronic kidney injury. Candidates must read arterial blood gases systematically: pH, then primary disorder (respiratory vs metabolic), then compensation, then anion gap.
234 words, about 1 min07Hematology
Hematology questions test a systematic approach to anemia, bleeding, and thrombosis. Candidates must classify anemia by mean corpuscular volume (microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic), then use iron studies, reticulocyte count, and vitamin levels to narrow the cause.
244 words, about 1 min08Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Rheumatology questions reward pattern recognition across joint distribution, symmetry, and extra-articular features. Candidates must distinguish inflammatory from mechanical joint pain (morning stiffness duration, swelling, systemic features).
232 words, about 1 min09Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
Infectious disease questions test a structured approach: identify the syndrome, assess severity, choose empiric therapy based on likely pathogens and local resistance, then narrow therapy with culture results. Candidates must know the principles of antimicrobial stewardship, the difference between colonization and infection, and the red flags for sepsis.
217 words, about 1 min10Emergency and Critical Care (including Resuscitation)
Emergency questions test a priority-ordered approach: airway, breathing, circulation, then disability and exposure. Candidates must know the reversible causes of cardiac arrest and the sequence of basic and advanced life support.
225 words, about 1 min11Preventive Medicine
Preventive medicine questions cover primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, plus screening principles. Candidates must understand the criteria for a valid screening program: important disease, accepted treatment, detectable early stage, acceptable test, and agreed policy on whom to treat.
207 words, about 1 min12Primary Care Organization
Primary care organization questions test understanding of the gatekeeping role, continuity of care, and the structure of the delivery system. Candidates must know the principles of the general practice model: first contact, comprehensiveness, coordination, and longitudinality.
1,137 words, about 6 min