Verbal Reasoning
What the verbal section tests
The Qudurat verbal section measures how precisely you handle Arabic meaning under time pressure. Five item families appear: sentence completion (إكمال الجمل), odd word out (المفردة الشاذة), verbal analogy (التناظر اللفظي), contextual error (الخطأ السياقي), and reading comprehension (استيعاب المقروء).
For analogies, name the relationship in a full sentence before you look at the options: synonym, antonym, part-to-whole, cause-to-effect, tool-to-object, category-to-member, or degree (warm : hot). Then apply that same sentence to every choice. The commonest trap is a pair that is genuinely related but uses the wrong relationship or the wrong direction - قلم : حبر fits tool-to-material, so it fails a tool-to-object sentence.
For sentence completion, read the entire sentence and mark the connector. Words such as لكن، رغم، إلا أن، بينما reverse the direction of meaning; لذلك، لأن، ومن ثمّ preserve it. Predict a word in your own words first, then pick the closest option.
For comprehension, separate main idea from supporting detail and from inference. A choice that is true according to the passage but does not answer the question is a distractor, and so is any choice that needs outside knowledge.
Worked example. مِقصّ : وَرَق as قَلَم : ... ? Sentence: a pair of scissors is a tool used to cut paper. Among the options, سِكّين : خُبز (a knife is a tool used to cut bread) keeps the sentence intact; قَلَم : حِبر fails because a pen does not cut ink.
Rule of thumb: build one precise sentence, then apply it unchanged to all five options.